[31 Pa.B. 235]
[Continued from previous Web Page]
Subchapter C. OPERATING REQUIREMENTS FOR COMPOSTING FACILITIES
GENERAL PROVISIONS § 295.201. Basic limitations.
(a) A person or municipality may not own or operate a composting facility unless the Department has first issued a permit to the person or municipality for the facility under this chapter.
(b) A person or municipality that operates a composting facility shall comply with the following:
(1) The operating requirements of the act, this subchapter and Chapter 287 (relating to residual waste management--general provisions).
(2) The plans and specifications in the permit, the terms and conditions of the permit, the environmental protection acts, this title and orders issued by the Department.
(c) A person or municipality that operates a composting facility may not allow residual waste to be handled at the facility unless the Department has specifically approved special measures for managing the waste as part of the permit.
(d) A person or municipality that operates a composting facility may not:
(1) Mix solid waste with, or store solid waste in close proximity to, other solid waste to create a risk of fire or explosion, or a risk of the accumulation of poisonous or otherwise harmful vapors or gases.
(2) Allow explosive waste to be stored, processed or disposed at the facility.
(3) Allow hazardous waste to be stored, processed or disposed at the facility.
(e) Municipal waste, other than sewage sludge, may be stored, processed or disposed at the facility only if specifically approved by the Department in the permit. Sewage sludge may not be stored, processed or disposed at the facility.
(f) All approved mitigation measures identified in the permit application shall be completed before a facility may accept waste unless a later date is authorized in writing by the Department for technical reasons.
(g) The following radioactive material controlled under specific or general license or order authorized by any Federal, state or other government agency may not be processed at the facility, unless specifically exempted from disposal restriction by an applicable Pennsylvania or Federal statute or regulation:
(1) Naturally occurring and accelerator produced radioactive material.
(2) Byproduct material.
(3) Source material.
(4) Special nuclear material.
(5) Transuranic radioactive material.
(6) Low-level radioactive waste.
(h) The following radioactive material may not be processed at the facility unless approved in writing by the Department and the processing does not endanger the environment, facility staff or public health and safety.
(1) TENORM.
(2) Consumer products containing radioactive material.
(3) Short-lived radioactive material from a patient having undergone a medical procedure.
(i) The limitations in subsections (g)--(h) do not apply to radioactive material as found in the undisturbed natural environment of this Commonwealth.
§ 295.202. Areas where composting facilities are prohibited.
(a) Except for areas that were permitted prior to July 4, 1992, a composting facility may not be operated:
(1) In the 100-year floodplain of a water of this Commonwealth unless demonstrated that the composting facility can be protected during flooding.
(2) In, or within 300 feet of, an exceptional value wetland.
(3) In, or within 100 feet of, a wetland other than an exceptional value wetland, unless storage and processing will not occur within that distance or storage and processing take place in an enclosed facility, and one of the following applies:
(i) If the operation is in or along the wetland, the operator has received a permit from the Department under Chapter 105 (relating to dam safety and waterway management).
(ii) If the operation is not in or along the wetland, no adverse hydrologic or water quality impacts will result.
(4) Within 300 feet measured horizontally from an occupied dwelling, unless the owner thereof has provided a written waiver consenting to the facility being closer than 300 feet. The waiver shall be knowingly made and separate from a lease or deed unless the lease or deed contains an explicit waiver from the owner.
(5) Within 100 feet of a perennial stream, unless one of the following applies:
(i) The storage and processing take place in an enclosed facility and no adverse hydrologic or water quality impact will result.
(ii) Storage and processing that is not enclosed will not occur within that distance and no adverse hydrologic or water quality impacts will result.
(6) Within 50 feet of a property line unless one of the following applies:
(i) The storage and processing take place in an enclosed facility.
(ii) The owner of the adjacent property has provided a written waiver consenting to the facility being closer than 50 feet. The waiver shall be knowingly made and separate from a lease or a deed unless the lease or deed contains an explicit waiver from the owner.
(iii) Actual storage and processing of waste is not occurring within that distance.
(7) For processing, disposal and waste or compost storage areas, within 1/4 mile upgradient and within 300 feet downgradient of a private or public water source.
(8) In an area where the pad or vessel will be in contact with the seasonal high water table or perched water table.
(9) If a school, park or playground is nearby, the following apply:
(i) Except for an expansion of a residual waste composting permit issued prior to January 13, 2001, for a residual waste composting permit issued on or after January 13, 2001, within 300 yards of the following:
(A) A building which is owned by a school district or school and used for instructional purposes.
(B) A park.
(C) A playground.
(ii) The current property owner of a school building, park or playground may waive the 300-yard prohibition by signing a written waiver. Upon receipt of the waiver, the Department will waive the 300-yard prohibition and will not use the prohibition as the basis for the denial of a new permit.
(b) Except as provided in subsection (c), this section does not apply to a feature that may come into existence after the date of the first newspaper notice under § 287.151 (relating to public notice by applicant).
(c) This section does not apply to features that may come into existence after the date of the first newspaper notice under this subsection if the following apply:
(1) The person or municipality publishes a notice of intent to file an application for a composting facility permit. The notice, which is separate from the newspaper notice required by § 287.151, shall be published once a week for 3-consecutive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the area where the facility is proposed to be located. The notice shall include a brief description of the location and proposed operation of the facility.
(2) The person or municipality files an administratively complete application with the Department within 1 year from the date of the first newspaper notice under this subsection.
(d) The Department may waive the isolation distances in this section for areas that were included in the permit area of a permit application that was determined by the Department to be administratively complete before July 4, 1992.
DAILY OPERATIONS § 295.211. Signs and markers.
(a) A person or municipality that operates a composting facility shall identify the facility for the duration of operations by posting and maintaining a sign which will be clearly visible and can be easily seen and read at the junction of each access road and public road unless otherwise approved by the Department. The sign shall be constructed of a durable, weather resistant material. The sign shall show the name, business address and telephone number of the person or municipality operating the facility, the operating hours of the facility and the number of the current permit authorizing operations at the facility.
(b) Permanent physical markers for the grid coordinate system and permit area markers shall be:
(1) Posted and maintained during the duration of the operations to which they pertain.
(2) Clearly visible, readable and uniform throughout the operation.
(3) Permanently fixed and made of a durable material.
(c) The perimeter of the site shall be clearly marked before the beginning of operations.
(d) The permanent physical markers for the grid coordinate system shall be installed at the locations in the permit, prior to the beginning of operations. The base line of the grid system shall be marked with two permanent monuments that show elevation.
§ 295.212. Access roads.
(a) Access roads shall be designed, constructed and maintained to prevent erosion to the maximum extent possible and to prevent contributions of sediment to streams or runoff outside the permit area.
(b) A crossing of a perennial or intermittent stream or a wetland shall be made using bridges, culverts or similar structures. Bridges, culverts or other encroachments or water obstructions shall meet the requirements of Chapter 105 (relating to dam safety and waterway management).
(c) An access road shall have a drainage system that is compatible with the natural drainage system, structurally stable and which will pass safely the peak flow from a 25-year, 24-hour precipitation event. The drainage system shall comply with Chapter 102 (relating to erosion control).
(d) An access road shall be paved or surfaced with asphalt, gravel, cinders or other equivalent material approved by the Department in the permit. An access road shall be capable of withstanding the load limits projected by the applicant under § 295.115 (relating to plan for access roads). The maximum sustained grade of an access road may not exceed 12%.
(e) An access road negotiable by loaded collection vehicles shall be provided from the entrance gate of the area to each unloading area, treatment facility or impoundment. An access road shall also be provided to surface water and groundwater monitoring points approved by the Department under § 295.254 (relating to soil and groundwater monitoring).
(f) Roads shall be constructed on a base that is capable of withstanding anticipated loads.
(g) Prior to the construction of a road, topsoil shall be removed, stored on a stable site and protected against erosion and compaction until restoration of the road.
(h) The disturbed areas adjacent to a road shall be vegetated or otherwise stabilized to prevent erosion.
(i) Access roads shall be designed, constructed and maintained to allow the orderly egress and ingress of vehicular traffic when the facility is in operation, including during inclement weather.
(j) An access road shall be maintained to control dust and to prevent or control the tracking of mud on and off site.
§ 295.213. Access control.
(a) A gate or other barrier shall be maintained at potential vehicular access points to block unauthorized access to the site when an attendant is not on duty.
(b) The operator shall maintain a fence or other suitable barrier around the area sufficient to prevent unauthorized access.
(c) Access to the site shall be limited to times when an attendant is on duty.
§ 295.214. Measuring and inspection of waste.
(a) An operator of a composting facility that has received, is receiving or will receive 30,000 or more cubic yards of residual waste in a calendar year shall weigh residual waste when it is received. The scale used to weigh residual waste shall conform to 3 Pa.C.S. Chapter 41 (relating to the Consolidated Weights and Measures Act) and 70 Pa. Code Part I (relating to weighmasters). The operator of the scale shall be a licensed public weighmaster under 3 Pa.C.S. Chapter 41 and 70 Pa. Code Part I.
(b) The operator of a facility that is not required by subsection (a) to weigh waste when it is received shall accurately measure waste by volume or weight prior to unloading.
(c) The operator shall inspect and monitor incoming waste to ensure that the receipt of waste is consistent with this article.
§ 295.215. Equipment.
(a) The operator shall maintain on the site equipment necessary for operation of the facility in accordance with the permit. The equipment shall be maintained in an operable condition.
(b) If a breakdown of the operator's equipment occurs, the operator shall utilize standby equipment as necessary to comply with the act, the environmental protection acts, this subchapter and its permit conditions.
(c) Equipment shall be operated and maintained to prevent solid waste from being unintentionally removed from the site.
(d) Equipment shall be cleaned at frequencies specified in the permit based on scheduled or emergency maintenance periods.
(e) Provision shall be made for the routine operational maintenance of the facility.
§ 295.217. Air resources protection.
(a) The operator shall control fugitive air contaminants and otherwise prevent and control air pollution in accordance with the Air Pollution Control Act (35 P. S. §§ 4001--4015), Article III (relating to air resources) and § 295.218 (relating to nuisance control).
(b) A person or municipality may not cause or allow open burning at the facility.
§ 295.218. Nuisance minimization and control.
(a) The operator shall control and minimize the attraction, harborage or breeding of vectors.
(b) The operator shall also control and minimize conditions not otherwise prohibited by this subchapter that are harmful to the environment or public health, or which create safety hazards, odors, dust, noise, unsightliness and other public nuisances.
§ 295.220. Litter.
(a) The operator may not allow solid waste, compost or other materials to be blown or otherwise deposited offsite.
(b) Fences or other barriers sufficient to control blowing litter shall be located in the area immediately downwind from the composting and storage areas unless operations are conducted within an enclosed building or the solid waste or compost being stored cannot create blowing litter.
(c) At least weekly, blown off and intercepted litter shall be collected from fences, roadways, tree-lined barriers and other barriers, and disposed or stored in accordance with the act and the regulations thereunder, unless a greater frequency is set forth in the permit.
§ 295.221. Daily volume.
A person or municipality operating a composting facility may not receive solid waste at the facility in excess of the maximum daily volume approved in the permit.
§ 295.222. Radiation monitoring and response for noncaptive residual waste composting facilities.
(a) An operator shall implement the action plan approved under § 295.120 (relating to radiation protection action plan).
(b) An operator shall monitor incoming waste in accordance with the Department's ''Guidance Document on Radioactivity Monitoring at Solid Waste Processing and Disposal Facilities,'' Document Number 250-3100-001, or in a manner at least as protective of the environment, facility staff and public health and safety. Monitoring shall meet the requirements of this section and the facility's approved radiation protection action plan.
(c) Radiation detector elements shall be as close as practical to the waste load and in an appropriate geometry to monitor the waste. The radiation monitoring system shall be set to alarm at a level no higher than 10 microroentgen per hour (uR/hr) above the average background at the facility when any of the radiation detector elements is exposed to a Cesium-137 gamma radiation field. Radiation detector elements shall be shielded to maintain the average background below 10 uR/hr. If capable of energy discrimination, the radiation monitoring system shall be set to detect gamma rays of a 50 kiloelectron volt (keV) energy and higher.
(d) An operator shall have portable radiation monitors capable of determining the radiation dose rate and presence of contamination on a vehicle that has caused an alarm. Upon a confirmed exceedance of the alarm level, a radiological survey of the vehicle shall be performed.
(e) An operator shall notify the Department immediately and isolate the vehicle when radiation dose rates of 20 µSv/hr (2 mrem/hr) or greater are detected in the cab of a vehicle, 500 µSv/hr (50 mrem/hr) or greater are detected from any other surface, or contamination is detected on the outside of the vehicle.
(f) Monitoring equipment shall be calibrated at a frequency specified by the manufacturer, but not less than once a year.
(g) If radioactive material is detected, the vehicle containing the radioactive material may not leave the facility without written Department approval and an authorized Federal Department of Transportation Exemption Form.
COMPOSTING PROVISIONS § 295.231. Composting pad or vessel.
(a) Solid waste may not be composted, loaded, unloaded or stored, except on a composting pad or vessel that meets the requirements of this section.
(b) The composting pad or vessel shall be adequate in size and capacity to manage the projected solid waste, compost and residue volumes.
(c) A composting pad or vessel shall be:
(1) Capable of preventing the migration of waste, or leachate generated from the composting process.
(2) Designed, constructed and maintained to protect the integrity of the pad or vessel during the projected life of the facility.
(3) Designed to collect leachate.
(4) Constructed of nonearthen material.
(5) Inspected for uniformity, damage and imperfections during construction and installation.
(6) Designed and operated so that the physical and chemical characteristics of the composting pad or vessel and its ability to restrict the flow of solid waste, solid waste constituents or leachate is not adversely affected by the leachate.
(d) The operator shall inspect the composting pad in a manner and frequency approved by the Department in the permit.
(e) Upon completion of the construction of a composting pad or vessel, the operator shall:
(1) Submit a certification by a registered professional engineer on forms provided by the Department. The certification shall describe the composting pad or vessel being certified, using drawings and plans, if appropriate, and shall state that the actual construction was observed by the engineer or persons under his direct supervision, and that the construction was carried out in a manner that is consistent with the permit.
(2) Notify the Department that the facility is ready for inspection. A solid waste may not be composted, and solid waste or compost may not be stored, loaded or unloaded on the composting pad or in the composting vessel, until the Department has conducted an inspection and has transmitted its written approval to the permittee indicating that the construction was done according to the permit.
SOIL AND WATER PROTECTION § 295.253. Sedimentation ponds.
(a) Surface drainage from the disturbed area shall be passed through a sedimentation pond or a series of sedimentation ponds before leaving the site. The Department may waive the required use of sedimentation ponds when a person demonstrates to the Department that sedimentation ponds are not necessary to meet the requirements of § 295.251 (relating to general requirements).
(b) Sedimentation ponds shall be constructed, operated and maintained under this section, Chapters 102 and 105 (relating to erosion control; and dam safety and waterway management) and the minimum design criteria contained in the United States Soil Conservation Service's Engineering Standard 378, 'Pond' Pa., as amended.
(c) Sedimentation ponds and other treatment facilities shall be maintained until removal of the ponds and facilities is approved by the Department.
(d) A pond shall include a nonclogging dewatering device approved by the Department that will allow the draining of the water from the pond. The dewatering device may not be located at a lower elevation than the maximum elevation of the sedimentation storage volume.
(e) The ponds shall be designed, constructed and maintained to prevent short circuiting to the maximum extent possible.
(f) The design, construction and maintenance of a sediment pond under this section does not relieve the operator of the responsibility for complying with the applicable treatment requirements and effluent limitations established under § 295.251.
(g) At a minimum, sedimentation ponds shall be capable of treating the runoff resulting from a 25-year, 24-hour precipitation event.
(h) A sedimentation pond shall be designed and inspected during construction under the supervision of a registered professional engineer, who shall certify to the Department upon completion of construction that the pond was constructed as approved in the permit.
§ 295.254. Soil and groundwater monitoring.
(a) If required by the Department as part of the permit, the operator shall conduct soil or groundwater monitoring, or both. The groundwater monitoring shall be in accordance with §§ 288.252--288.258 as required by the Department, and the terms and conditions of the permit, and shall continue for the period specified in § 295.282 (relating to cessation of operations).
(b) For purposes of interfacing with §§ 288.252--288.258, the following terms apply:
(1) The term ''disposal area'' is substituted with ''area where storage and processing occur.''
(2) The term ''residual waste landfill'' is substituted with ''composting facility.''
(3) The term ''disposed'' is substituted with ''stored or processed.''
§ 295.255. Water supply replacement.
(a) An operator which adversely affects a water supply by degradation, pollution or other means shall restore the affected supply at no additional cost to the owner or replace the affected water supply with an alternate source that is of like quantity and quality to the original supply at no additional cost to the owner.
(b) A temporary water supply shall be provided as soon as practicable but not later than 48 hours after one of the following:
(1) Receipt of information showing that the operator is responsible for adversely affecting the water supply.
(2) Receipt of notice from the Department that the operator is responsible for adversely affecting the water supply.
(c) A permanent water supply shall be provided as soon as practicable but not later than 90 days after one of the following:
(1) Receipt of information showing that the operator is responsible for adversely affecting the water supply.
(2) Receipt of notice from the Department that the operator is responsible for adversely affecting the water supply.
(d) Permanent water supplies include development of a new well with a distribution system, interconnection with a public water supply or extension of a private water supply, but do not include provision of bottled water or a water tank supplied by a bulk water hauling system, which are temporary water supplies.
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES § 295.261. Hazard prevention.
A composting facility shall be designed, constructed, maintained and operated to prevent and minimize the potential for fire, explosion or release of solid waste constituents to the air, water or soil of this Commonwealth that could threaten public health or safety, public welfare or the environment.
RECORDKEEPING AND REPORTING § 295.271. Daily operational records.
(a) A person or municipality that operates a composting facility shall make and maintain an operational record for each day that residual waste is received, processed or transported offsite. Daily operational records shall be retained for the life of the facility bond, or longer if determined by the Department to be necessary to meet the standards of the environmental protection acts. These records shall be made available to the Department upon request.
(b) The daily operational record shall include the following:
(1) The type and weight or volume of the solid waste received.
(2) The name, mailing address, county and state of each generator of residual waste.
(3) The transporters of the solid waste.
(4) A record of activities for which entries are needed to comply with the annual operation report required in § 295.272 (relating to annual operation report).
(5) A record of actions taken to correct violations of the act, the environmental protection acts and this title.
(6) A description of waste handling problems or emergency disposal activities.
(7) For noncaptive facilities, a record of each incident in which radioactive material is detected in waste loads. The record shall include:
(i) The date, time and location of the occurrence.
(ii) A brief narrative description of the occurrence.
(iii) Specific information on the origin of the material, if known.
(iv) A description of the radioactive material involved, if known.
(v) The name, address and telephone numbers of the supplier or handler of the radioactive material and the name of the driver.
(vi) The final disposition of the material.
(c) The operator shall maintain accurate operational records sufficient to determine whether residual waste is being stored under Chapter 299, Subchapter A (relating to standards for storage of residual waste).
§ 295.272. Annual operation report.
(a) A person or municipality that operates a composting facility shall submit to the Department an annual operation report on or before June 30 of each year.
(b) The annual operation report, which shall be submitted on a form supplied by the Department, shall include the following:
(1) The type and weight or volume of solid waste received from each generator, including the name, mailing address, county and state of each generator.
(2) The transporters of the waste.
(3) The weight or volume of each type of waste received.
(4) The weight or volume of each material used, reclaimed, marketed or disposed of as a result of the process.
(5) A current certificate of insurance, as specified in § 287.373(a) (relating to proof of insurance coverage), evidencing continuous coverage for comprehensive general liability insurance as required by § 287.371 (relating to insurance requirement).
(6) Changes in the previous year concerning the information required by §§ 287.124 and 287.125 (relating to identification of interests; and compliance information) report shall state if no changes have occurred.
(7) A change in the ownership of the land upon which the facility is located or a change in a lease agreement for the use of the land that may affect or alter the operator's rights upon the lands.
(8) A written update of the total bond liability for the facility under § 287.331 (relating to bond amount determination). If additional bonding is determined to be necessary, it shall be submitted to the Department within 90 days after the annual report is due.
(9) Certification that the operator has received the analysis or certification required by § 287.54 (relating to chemical analysis of waste) for each type of waste received at the facility, and that the waste that is received at the facility meets the conditions in the facility's permit.
(10) A record of detected radioactive materials.
(c) The annual operation report shall be accompanied by a nonrefundable annual permit administration fee of $900 in the form of a check payable to the ''Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.''
CESSATION AND CLOSURE § 295.282. Cessation of operations.
(a) Upon cessation of composting operations at the facility, the operator shall remove solid waste and structures or other materials which contain or are contaminated with solid waste, and shall provide for the processing or disposal of the waste or material in accordance with the act, the environmental protection acts and this title.
(b) Areas requiring vegetation shall be revegetated under §§ 295.241 and 295.242 (relating to general requirements; and standards for successfull revegetation).
(c) An operator required under § 295.254 (relating to soil and groundwater monitoring) to conduct soil monitoring may discontinue soil monitoring upon cessation of composting operations with the Department's approval. In deciding whether to allow the discontinuance of monitoring, the Department will consider the operational history of the facility, the likelihood that soil contamination will manifest itself in the future and other factors.
(d) An operator required under § 295.254 to conduct groundwater monitoring may discontinue groundwater monitoring after cessation of composting operations and cleanup only upon written approval by the Department. In deciding whether to allow discontinuance of monitoring, the Department will consider the operational history of the facility, the likelihood that groundwater contamination will manifest itself in the future, whether the remediation standards in § 287.342 (c) (relating to final closure certification) are met, maintained and other relevant factors.
CHAPTER 297. INCINERATORS AND OTHER PROCESSING FACILITIES
Subchapter B. APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR PROCESSING FACILITIES § 297.102. Operating plan.
An application shall contain:
(1) A narrative description of the general operating plan for the proposed facility, including the origin, composition and weight or volume of solid waste that is proposed to be processed at the facility, the process to be used at the facility, the daily operational methodology of the proposed process, the loading rate, the proposed capacity of the facility and the expected life of the facility.
(2) A plan for an alternative waste handling or disposal system during periods when the proposed facility is not in operation, including procedures to be followed in case of equipment breakdown. Procedures may include the use of standby equipment, extension of operating hours and contractual agreements for diversion of residual waste to other facilities.
(3) An operational safety, fire prevention and emergency response plan that will adequately protect workers and patrons of the facility, prepared by an expert in the field of industrial hygiene and safety.
(4) A plan for assuring that solid waste received at the facility is consistent with § 297.201 (relating to basic limitations).
(5) A plan for training equipment operators and other personnel concerning the operation and approved design of the facility.
(6) The proposed operating hours of the proposed facility.
(7) A narrative describing the procedures for inspection and monitoring of incoming waste.
§ 297.103. Maps and related information.
An application shall contain a topographic map of the proposed permit area and adjacent area, including necessary narrative descriptions, which show the following:
(1) The boundaries and names of present owners of record of land, both surface and subsurface, including easements, rights-of-way and other property interests, for the proposed permit area and adjacent area; the boundaries of the land within the proposed permit area; and a description of title, deed or usage restrictions affecting the proposed permit area.
(2) The boundaries of the land to be affected over the estimated total life of the proposed operation.
(3) The location and name of surface water bodies such as springs, streams, lakes, ponds, wetlands, constructed or natural drains and irrigation ditches that are located on or within 1/4 mile of the proposed facility.
(4) The location and name of public and private water sources that are located on or within 1/4 mile of the proposed facility. If more than 50 wells are located within the 1/4 mile radius, the applicant may identify only the closest wells in each direction and generally describe the location and number of wells within 1/4 mile of the proposed facility.
(5) The location of rights-of-way for high-tension power lines, pipelines, railroads and public and private roads within 300 feet of the proposed facility.
(6) The location of buildings in use within 300 feet of the proposed facility.
(7) The anticipated location of water quality monitoring points, if monitoring is required by the Department.
(8) The boundaries of land within the proposed permit area or adjacent area identified in § 297.202 (relating to areas where incinerators and other processing facilities are prohibited).
(9) The location of underground mine shafts on the permit area and adjacent area.
(10) The municipalities in which the permit area is proposed to be located.
(11) The location of the 100-year floodplain boundaries.
(12) The location of access roads to and within the proposed permit area, including slopes, grades and lengths of the roads.
(13) The location of barriers, fences and similar structures required by § 297.212 (relating to access control).
(14) The water diversion, collection, conveyance, erosion and sedimentation control, treatment, storage and discharge facilities to be used.
(15) The solid waste storage or loading/unloading areas.
(16) The areas of land for which a bond will be posted under Chapter 287, Subchapter E (relating to bonding and insurance requirements).
(17) The location, size and use of buildings and related facilities which will be used in the operation, including their horizontal and vertical dimensions.
(18) The location of scales and weigh stations to be used in the operation.
(19) Utilities to be installed at the facility.
(20) For noncaptive residual waste processing facilities, a designated area for vehicles for use in the event of the detection of waste containing radioactive material. The designated area shall, by location or shielding, protect the environment, facility staff and public from radiation originating in the vehicle. The Department's ''Guidance Document on Radioactivity Monitoring at Solid Waste Processing and Disposal Facilities,'' Document Number 250-3100-001, describes various factors to consider in determining an appropriate designated area.
§ 297.112. Daily volume.
The application shall contain a proposed maximum daily volume for the facility, and a detailed justification for the volume, based on §§ 287.126 and 287.127 (relating to requirement for environmental assessment; and environmental assessment).
§ 297.113. Radiation protection action plan.
(a) An application for a noncaptive residual waste processing facility shall contain an action plan specifying procedures for monitoring for and responding to radioactive material entering the facility, as well as related procedures for training, notification, recordkeeping and reporting:
(b) The action plan shall be prepared in accordance with the Department's ''Guidance Document on Radioactivity Monitoring at Solid Waste Processing and Disposal Facilities,'' Document Number 250-3100-001, or in a manner at least as protective of the environment, facility staff and public health and safety and which meets all statutory and regulatory requirements.
(c) The action plan shall be incorporated into the facility's approved waste analysis plan under § 287.134 (relating to waste analysis plan).
Subchapter C. OPERATING REQUIREMENTS FOR PROCESSING FACILITIES
GENERAL PROVISIONS § 297.201. Basic limitations.
(a) A person or municipality may not own or operate a residual waste processing facility, unless the Department has first issued a permit to that person or municipality for the facility under this article.
(b) A person or municipality that operates a residual waste processing facility shall comply with the following:
(1) The operating requirements of the act, this subchapter and the applicable requirements of Chapter 287 (relating to residual waste management--general provisions).
(2) The plans and specifications in the permit, the terms and conditions of the permit, the environmental protection acts, this title and orders issued by the Department.
(c) A person or municipality that operates a residual waste processing facility may not allow residual waste to be handled at the facility unless the Department has specifically approved the processing of the waste as part of the permit.
(d) A person or municipality that operates a residual waste processing facility may not:
(1) Mix solid waste with, or store solid waste in close proximity to other solid waste as to create a risk of fire or explosion, or a risk of the accumulation of poisonous or otherwise harmful vapors of gases.
(2) Allow explosive waste to be stored, processed or disposed at the facility.
(3) Allow hazardous waste to be stored, processed or disposed at the facility.
(e) Municipal waste, including sewage sludge, may not be stored, processed or disposed at the facility. Other special handling municipal waste may not be stored, processed or disposed at the facility unless the Department has specifically approved the storage, processing or disposal of the waste as part of the permit.
(f) The approved mitigation measures identified in the permit application shall be completed before a facility may accept waste unless a later date is authorized in writing by the Department for technical reasons.
(g) The following radioactive material controlled under specific or general license or order authorized by any Federal, state or other government agency may not be processed at the facility, unless specifically exempted from disposal restriction by an applicable Pennsylvania or Federal statute or regulation:
(1) Naturally occurring and accelerator produced radioactive material.
(2) Byproduct material.
(3) Source material.
(4) Special nuclear material.
(5) Transuranic radioactive material.
(6) Low-level radioactive waste.
(h) The following radioactive material may not be processed at the facility unless approved in writing by the Department and the processing does not endanger the environment, facility staff or public health and safety:
(1) TENORM.
(2) Consumer products containing radioactive material.
(3) Short-lived radioactive material from a patient having undergone a medical procedure.
(i) The limitations in subsections (g)--(h) do not apply to radioactive material as found in the undisturbed natural environment of this Commonwealth.
§ 297.202. Areas where incinerators and other processing facilities are prohibited.
(a) Except for areas that were permitted prior to July 4, 1992, residual waste processing facilities subject to this chapter may not be operated:
(1) In the 100-year floodplain of waters of this Commonwealth, unless the Department approves in the permit a method of protecting the facility from a 100-year flood consistent with the Flood Plain Management Act (32 P. S. §§ 679.101--679.601) and the Dam Safety and Encroachments Act (32 P. S. §§ 693.1--693.27).
(2) In or within 300 feet of an exceptional value wetland.
(3) In or within 100 feet of a wetland other than an exceptional value wetland, unless storage and processing will not occur within that distance or the storage and processing take place in an enclosed facility and one of the following applies:
(i) The operation is in or along the wetland, and the operator has received a permit from the Department under Chapter 105 (relating to dam safety and waterway management).
(ii) The operation is not in or along the wetland, and no adverse hydrologic or water quality impacts will result.
(4) Within 300 feet measured horizontally from an occupied dwelling, unless the owner thereof has provided a written waiver consenting to the facility being closer than 300 feet. The waiver shall be knowingly made and separate from a lease or deed unless the lease or deed contains an explicit waiver from the owner.
(5) Within 100 feet of a perennial stream, unless one of the following applies:
(i) The storage and processing take place in an enclosed facility and no adverse hydrologic or water quality impacts will result.
(ii) Storage and processing that is not enclosed will not occur within that distance and no adverse hydrologic or water quality impacts will result.
(6) Within 50 feet of a property line unless the operator demonstrates that actual processing of waste is not occurring within that distance, storage and processing take place in an enclosed facility, or that the owners of occupied dwellings within that distance have provided written waivers consenting to the facility being closer than 50 feet. The waiver shall be knowingly made and separate from a lease or deed unless the lease or deed contains an explicit waiver from the owner.
(b) Except for areas that were permitted prior to September 26, 1988, processing facilities that commercially treat residual waste may not be operated within 300 yards of the following:
(1) A building which is owned by a school district or parochial school and used for instructional purposes.
(2) A park.
(3) A playground.
(c) Except as provided in subsection (d), this section does not apply to a feature that may come into existence after the date of the first newspaper notice under § 287.151 (relating to public notice by applicant).
(d) This section does not apply to a feature that may come into existence after the date of the first newspaper notice under this subsection if the following apply:
(1) The person or municipality publishes a notice of intent to file an application for a residual waste processing permit. The notice, which is separate from the newspaper notice required by § 287.151, shall be published once a week for 3 consecutive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the area where the facility is proposed to be located. The notice shall include a brief description of the location and proposed operation of the facility.
(2) The person or municipality files an administratively complete application under § 287.202 (relating to completeness review) with the Department within 1 year from the date of the first newspaper notice under this subsection.
(e) The Department may waive the isolation distances in this section for areas that were included in the permit area of a permit application that was determined by the Department to be administratively complete before July 4, 1992.
DAILY OPERATIONS § 297.211. Signs and markers.
(a) A person or municipality that operates a facility subject to this subchapter shall identify the operation for the duration of residual waste processing operations by posting and maintaining a sign which is clearly visible and can be easily seen and read at the junction of each access road and public road unless otherwise approved by the Department. The sign shall be constructed of a durable, weather-resistant material. The sign shall show the name, business address and telephone number of the person or municipality operating the facility, the operating hours of the facility and the number of the current permit authorizing operations at the facility.
(b) Permit area markers and the permanent physical markers for the grid coordinate system shall be:
(1) Posted and maintained for the duration of the operation.
(2) Clearly visible, readable and uniform throughout the operation.
(3) Permanently fixed and made of a durable material.
(c) The perimeter of the site shall be clearly marked before the beginning of operations.
§ 297.212. Access control.
(a) A gate or other barrier shall be maintained at potential vehicular access points to block unauthorized access to the site when an attendant is not on duty.
(b) The operator shall maintain a fence or other suitable barrier around the site sufficient to prevent unauthorized access.
(c) Access to the site shall be limited to when an attendant is on duty.
§ 297.213. Access roads.
(a) Access roads shall be designed, constructed and maintained to prevent erosion to the maximum extent possible and to prevent contributions of sediment to streams or runoff outside the site.
(b) A crossing of a perennial or intermittent stream or a wetland shall be made using bridges, culverts or similar structures. Bridges, culverts or other encroachments or water obstructions shall meet the requirements of Chapter 105 (relating to dam safety and waterway management).
(c) An access road shall have a drainage system that is compatible with the natural drainage system, structurally stable and which will pass safely the peak flow from a 24-hour, 25-year precipitation event. The drainage system shall comply with Chapter 102 (relating to erosion control).
(d) An access road shall be paved or surfaced with asphalt, gravel, cinders or other equivalent material approved by the Department in the permit. An access road shall be capable of withstanding the load limits projected by the applicant under § 297.105 (relating to plan for access roads). The maximum sustained grade of an access road may not exceed 12%.
(e) An access road negotiable by loaded collection vehicles shall be provided from the entrance gate of the area to each unloading area, treatment facility or impoundment.
(f) Roads shall be constructed on a base that is capable of withstanding anticipated loads.
(g) Disturbed areas adjacent to a road shall be vegetated or otherwise stabilized to prevent erosion.
(h) Access roads shall be designed, constructed and maintained to allow the orderly egress and ingress of vehicular traffic when the facility is in operation, including during inclement weather.
(i) An access road shall be maintained to control dust and to prevent or control the tracking of mud on and off site.
§ 297.214. Measuring and inspection of waste.
(a) An operator of a solid waste processing facility that has received, is receiving or will receive 30,000 or more cubic yards of residual waste in a calendar year shall weigh residual waste when it is received. The scale used to weigh residual waste shall conform to 3 Pa.C.S. Chapter 41 (relating to the Consolidated Weights and Measures Act) and 70 Pa. Code Part I (relating to weighmasters). The operator of the scale shall be a licensed public weighmaster under 3 Pa.C.S. Chapter 41 and 70 Pa. Code Part I.
(b) The operator of a facility that is not required by subsection (a) to weigh waste when it is received shall accurately measure waste by volume or weight prior to unloading.
(c) The operator of a facility shall inspect and monitor incoming waste to ensure that the receipt of waste is consistent with this article.
§ 297.215. Equipment.
(a) The operator shall maintain on the site equipment necessary for operation of the facility in accordance with the permit. The equipment shall be maintained in an operable condition.
(b) If a breakdown of the operator's equipment occurs, the operator shall utilize standby equipment as necessary to comply with the act, the environmental protection acts, this subchapter and its permit conditions.
(c) Equipment shall be operated and maintained to prevent solid waste from being unintentionally removed from the facility.
(d) Equipment shall be cleaned at frequencies specified in the permit based on scheduled or emergency maintenance periods.
§ 297.216. Unloading area.
(a) The approach and unloading area shall be adequate in size and design to facilitate the rapid unloading of residual waste from collection vehicles and the unobstructed maneuvering of the vehicles and other equipment.
(b) The loading areas and unloading areas shall be constructed of impervious material which is capable of being cleaned by high pressure water spray and shall be equipped with drains or sumps connected to a sanitary sewer system or treatment facility to facilitate the removal of water. Drains or treatment systems may be connected to a sanitary sewer system if a waste characterization is submitted to the sewage treatment plant operator, and the operator finds that the treatment plant can fully treat the waste stream. Leachate may also be collected in holding tanks prior to its transport to the sewage treatment plant.
(c) If the facility has an unloading pit, the facility shall have in place truck wheel curbs or tie downs that are sufficient to prevent trucks from backing into the pit or falling into the pit while unloading.
(d) An attendant or clearly marked signs shall direct vehicles to the unloading area.
(e) The operator shall ensure that collection vehicles unload waste promptly in unloading areas.
(f) Residual waste shall be confined to the unloading area or a storage area approved as part of the operator's permit.
(g) If bulky waste is handled or processed at the facility, the operator shall remove the waste daily or take other action sufficient to prevent nuisances or unsightliness.
(h) The facility shall have a storage capacity for the scheduled or emergency shutdown of processing operations that is equivalent to the waste that can be processed at the facility in 3 days, unless otherwise specified by the Department in the permit.
§ 297.217. Cleaning and maintenance.
(a) Areas within the building shall be kept clean.
(b) The operator may not allow putrescible waste to remain at the facility at the end of the day or for more than 24 hours except that putrescible waste may remain at the facility for any time period up to 72 hours over a weekend or 3-day weekend if provided for in the permit.
(c) Plumbing shall be properly maintained, and the floors shall be well drained.
(d) Processing equipment and areas that have contact with solid waste shall be capable of being cleaned by high-pressure water spray or other methods, and shall be located near drains that connect to a sanitary sewer system or treatment facility.
(e) Provision shall be made for the routine operational maintenance of the facility.
(f) The operator shall inspect the facility daily to detect hot spots in the storage areas, dust accumulation, vectors, litter and other problems, and promptly take necessary corrective actions.
§ 297.218. Air resources protection.
(a) Emissions from a residual waste processing facility shall be consistent with the Air Pollution Control Act (35 P. S. §§ 4001--4015), Article III (relating to air resources), the terms or conditions of its permit and, if applicable, the most recent edition of the Department's criteria for best available technology, and other applicable Departmental guidelines.
(b) The operator may not cause or contribute to an exceedance of any ambient air quality standard under § 131.3 (relating to ambient air quality standards).
(c) A person or municipality may not cause or allow open burning at the facility.
§ 297.219. Nuisance minimization and control.
(a) The operator shall control and minimize the attraction, harborage or breeding of vectors.
(b) The operator shall control and minimize conditions not otherwise prohibited by this subchapter that are harmful to the environment or public health, or which create safety hazards, odors, dust, noise, unsightliness and other public nuisances.
§ 297.221. Litter.
(a) The operator may not allow litter to be blown or otherwise deposited offsite.
(b) Fences or other barriers sufficient to control blowing litter shall be located in the area immediately downwind from the storage or processing area, unless operations are conducted within an enclosed building or the solid waste being processed cannot create blowing litter.
(c) Blown off or intercepted litter shall be collected at least weekly from fences, roadways, tree line barriers and other barriers and disposed or stored in accordance with the act and the regulations thereunder, unless a greater frequency is set forth in the permit.
§ 297.222. Daily volume.
A person or municipality operating a processing facility may not receive solid waste at the facility in excess of the maximum daily volume approved in the permit.
§ 297.223. Radiation monitoring and response for noncaptive residual waste processing facilities.
(a) An operator shall implement the action plan approved under § 297.113 (relating to radiation protection action plan).
(b) An operator shall monitor incoming waste in accordance with the Department's ''Guidance Document on Radioactivity Monitoring at Solid Waste Processing and Disposal Facilities,'' Document Number 250-3100-001, or in a manner at least as protective of the environment, the facility staff and the public health and safety. Monitoring shall meet the requirements of this section and the facility's approved radiation protection action plan.
(c) Radiation detector elements shall be as close as practical to the waste load and in an appropriate geometry to monitor the waste. The radiation monitoring system shall be set to alarm at a level no higher than 10 microroentgen per hour (uR/hr) above the average background at the facility when any of the radiation detector elements is exposed to a Cesium-137 gamma radiation field. Radiation detector elements shall be shielded to maintain the average background below 10 uR/hr. If capable of energy discrimination, the radiation monitoring system shall be set to detect gamma rays of a 50 kiloelectron volt (keV) energy and higher.
(d) An operator shall have portable radiation monitors capable of determining the radiation dose rate and presence of contamination on a vehicle that has caused an alarm. Upon a confirmed exceedance of the alarm level in subsection (c), a radiological survey of the vehicle shall be performed.
(e) An operator shall notify the Department immediately and isolate the vehicle when radiation dose rates of 20 µSv/hr (2 mrem/hr ) or greater are detected in the cab of a vehicle, 500 µSv/hr (50 mrem/hr) or greater are detected from any other surface, or contamination is detected on the outside of the vehicle.
(f) Monitoring equipment shall be calibrated at a frequency specified by the manufacturer, but not less than once a year.
(g) If radioactive material is detected, the vehicle containing the radioactive material may not leave the facility without written Department approval and an authorized Federal Department of Transportation Exemption Form.
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