[47 Pa.B. 1748]
[Saturday, March 25, 2017]
[Continued from previous Web Page]
Subchapter E. PASSENGER CARS AND LIGHT TRUCKS § 175.64. Braking systems.
* * * * * (b) Service brakes. A vehicle specified under this subchapter shall be equipped with a service brake system. See 75 Pa.C.S. § 4502 (relating to general requirements for braking systems).
* * * * * (4) Metal from a shoe or pad may not contact the brake drums or rotors.
(5) [Brake lines shall be approved for use as brake lines.] The hydraulic hoses or tubing must be approved for use as brake lines according to Society of Automotive Engineers standards for hydraulic brake line use.
* * * * * § 175.65. Tires and wheels.
* * * * * (e) Nonpneumatic tires. A passenger car or light truck operated on highway may not be equipped with nonpneumatic tires (solid) except an antique vehicle with nonpneumatic tires if originally equipped by the manufacturer.
(f) Airless tires. A passenger car or light truck operated on a highway may not be equipped with airless tires unless they are specifically designed and approved by the United States Department of Transportation for highway use.
[(f)] (g) Ice grips or studs. A tire may not be equipped with ice grips or tire studs or wear-resisting material [which have] that has projections exceeding 2/32 inch beyond the tread of the traction surface of the tire.
[(g)] (h) Tires and rims. The axles of a vehicle specified under this subchapter shall be equipped with the number and type of tires and rims with a load rating equal to or higher than those offered by the manufacturer.
[(h)] (i) Spacers. [Spacers or similar devices thicker than 1/4 inch may not be installed to increase wheel track.] Spacers or similar devices over 1/4 inch in thickness may not be used to increase wheel track unless originally equipped by the manufacturer.
§ 175.66. Lighting and electrical systems.
* * * * * (c) Headlamp system. A vehicle specified under this subchapter [which] that is driven on a highway shall have a two- or four-headlamp system. See 75 Pa.C.S. § 4303(a) (relating to general lighting requirements).
* * * * * (7) A vehicle specified under this subchapter shall be equipped with a beam indicator[, which shall be lighted] that shall be lit whenever the high beam of light from the headlamp is in use and [shall] may not otherwise be lighted. An indicator [shall] must be located so that when [lighted] lit it is readily visible without glare to operator of vehicle.
(d) Total candlepower. The total candlepower for headlamps and auxiliary lamps [shall] may not exceed 150,000.
(e) Other required lamps. A vehicle specified under this subchapter [shall] must have at least one red stop lamp on each side of rear of vehicle, which [shall] must be illuminated immediately upon application of the service brake.
(f) Illumination except headlamps, fog lamps and auxiliary driving lamps. A vehicle specified under this subchapter [shall] must be equipped with parking lamps, stop lamps, tail lamps, turn signal lamps and hazard warning lamps designed for that specific function[, which] that under normal atmospheric conditions shall be capable of being seen and distinguished during nighttime operation at a distance of 500 feet. See 75 Pa.C.S. § 4303(b)—(d).
* * * * * (l) Auxiliary driving lamps and fog lamps. Auxiliary driving lamps and fog lamps may be installed on a passenger vehicle or light truck if the lamps comply with all of the following:
(1) Auxiliary driving lamps and front fog lamps must be white or selective yellow within the limits specified in Society of Automotive Engineers lighting standards.
[(1)] (2) Auxiliary driving lamps may not be substituted for headlamps. Auxiliary driving lamps may only be used with high headlamp beams.
[(2)] (3) Fog lamps may not be substituted for headlamps.
[(3)] (4) Auxiliary driving lamps and fog lamps shall be mounted on the front, spaced at least 20 inches apart from center to center and at height not more than 42 inches above level surface upon which the vehicle stands nor lower than the lowest chassis part. [Rear] Red rear fog lamps, if originally installed or offered as optional equipment, are acceptable.
[(4)] (5) Auxiliary driving lamps and fog lamps shall be aimed when the vehicle and lamp assembly are in the straight ahead position with the beam not above horizontal centerline of lamp at 25 feet.
[(5)] (6) A vehicle specified under this subchapter may have only one pair of approved auxiliary driving lamps and front fog lamps.
[(6)] (7) Auxiliary driving lamps and fog lamps may not be placed in front of a required lamp.
[(7)] (8) Auxiliary driving lamps may not be used on snowplows as a substitute for headlamps obscured by blade. A substitute for headlamps used on the vehicle [shall] must be complete, approved headlamps having both high and low beams.
[(8)] (9) Snowplow lamps shall be installed as follows:
(i) These lamps shall be wired through a double throw switch so that both sets of lights will not operate at same time.
(ii) Snowplow lamps shall be aimed so that the high intensity beam does not project to the left of the extreme left side of the vehicle nor higher than the center of the lamp at a distance of 25 feet in front of the vehicle. In no case shall the high intensity portion of a beam be higher than 42 inches above the level upon which the vehicle stands at a distance of 75 feet ahead. Lamps shall be spaced at a distance of not less than 20 inches apart and shall be symmetrically located on each side of the vehicle centerline.
[(9)] (10) In accordance with 75 Pa.C.S. § 4303(f) [(relating to general lighting requirements)], roof or roll bar mounted off-road lights may be installed if they are not used on a highway or [trafficway] traffic way and are covered with an opaque covering at all times while operating on the highway or [trafficway] traffic way. Vehicles equipped with roof or roll bar mounted off-road lights [shall] must have a switch that indicates to the driver, through the use of a pilot light, that the lights are on when so switched.
[(10)] (11) White or clear cargo lamps are permitted if available as original equipment or installed in a manner [which] that expressly illuminates the cargo area of a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck or bus.
[(11)] (12) Guidance laser systems used during highway maintenance operations, such as line painting and snow plowing, are authorized if they comply with 21 CFR 1040.10 (relating to laser products) for Class IIIa laser products and Occupational Health and Safety Administration Standard 1926.54 and are installed and operated in accordance with manufacturer's requirements. Guidance laser systems may not emit red or blue light visible to other motorists.
(m) Antique vehicle lighting exemption. An antique vehicle, if operated exclusively between the hours of sunrise to sunset and not during periods of reduced visibility or insufficient illumination, is exempt from requirements of this section except requirements pertaining to stop lamps.
(n) Battery fastening. A vehicle specified under this subchapter shall be equipped with a system specifically designed for the secure fastening of the battery.
§ 175.67. Glazing.
* * * * * (d) Obstructions. A vehicle specified under this subchapter shall have glazing free from obstructions as described in § 175.80 (relating to inspection procedure).
(1) With the exception of materials in paragraph [(4)] (5), signs, posters or other materials whose design prevents a driver from seeing through the material may not be placed on the windshield, a side wing, a side window or rear window so as to obstruct, obscure or impair the driver's clear view of the highway or an intersecting highway. Under FMVSS No. 205, these restrictions do not apply to the rear side windows, rear wings or rear window of trucks or multipurpose passenger vehicles.
(2) With the exception of materials in paragraph [(4)] (5), signs, posters or other materials whose design prevents a driver from seeing through the material may not be placed on a rear side window, rear wing or rear window of a passenger car which either covers more than 20% of the exposed portion of the windows or wings, or extends more than 3 1/2 inches above the lowest exposed portion of the windows or wings.
(3) An object or material may not be hung, placed or attached in a position that obstructs, obscures or impairs the driver's vision through the windshield wiper path, excluding a certificate of inspection.
[(3)] (4) This subsection also applies to glass etchings, except those used for vehicle identification.
[(4)] (5) A [sun screening] sunscreening device or other material [which] that does not permit a person to see or view the inside of the vehicle is prohibited, unless otherwise permitted by FMVSS No. 205, or a certificate of exemption has been issued in compliance with § 175.265 (relating to exemption provisions). See Table X for specific requirements for vehicles subject to this subchapter. Passenger car requirements relating to the rear window are delineated by vehicle model year in Table X.
[(5)] (6) Vehicles specified under this subchapter may not have an obstruction forward of the windshield [which] that extends more than 2 inches upward into the horizontally projected vision area of the windshield with the exception of windshield wiper components.
§ 175.68. Mirrors.
(a) Condition of mirrors. Mirrors [shall] must be in safe operating condition as described in § 175.80 (relating to inspection procedure).
(b) Rearview mirrors. A vehicle specified under this subchapter [shall] must be equipped with at least one rearview mirror or similar device [which] that provides the driver an unobstructed view of the highway to the rear of the vehicle for a distance of not less than 200 feet. A mirror may not be cracked, broken or discolored.
(c) Obstructions. On a vehicle specified under this subchapter, a rearview mirror [shall] must be free from obstructions as described in § 175.80.
(1) A vehicle specified under this subchapter having a sign, load or material [which] that obstructs, obscures or impairs the driver's clear view of the highway or an intersecting highway [shall] must have two outside rearview mirrors, one on the driver's side and one on the passenger's side, each with a minimum reflective surface of 19.5 square inches.
(2) [Rear window louvers are permitted only if the vehicle has at least two outside rearview mirrors, one on the driver's side and one on the passenger's side, each with minimum reflective surfaces of 19.5 square inches.] An object or material may not be hung, placed or attached to obstruct, obscure or impair the driver's vision through the rear window, with the exception of a temporary registration permit, unless the vehicle is equipped with at least two outside rearview mirrors, one on the driver's side and one on the passenger's side, each with a minimum reflective surface of 19.5 square inches.
(3) Rearview mirrors, each with a minimum reflective surface of 19.5 square inches, shall be installed on both sides of a vehicle for which a certificate of exemption for a [sun screening] sunscreening device or other material has been issued. A vehicle [for which] that a certificate of exemption [has been issued] is issued for medical reasons, may be equipped with only a left outside rearview mirror, unless the vehicle was originally equipped with an outside rearview mirror on both sides of the vehicle.
(4) [No object or material may be hung from the rearview mirror and no object or material may be hung, placed or attached in a position so as to materially obstruct, obscure or impair the driver's vision through the windshield or constitute a safety hazard.] An object or material may not be hung from the rearview mirror to extend below the rearview mirror.
(5) This subsection also applies to glass etchings, except those used for vehicle identification.
(d) Motor homes. A motor home [shall] must be free from obstructions as described in this subchapter.
(1) A vehicle manufactured as or permanently converted into a motor home with a GVW of 11,000 pounds or less may have windows—approved glass only—transparent screens and roll-up shades or curtains installed if the shades and curtains are securely fastened in the completely opened position to avoid covering a portion of window while the vehicle is being operated on the highway. Venetian blinds may not cover a window while the vehicle is [operated on the highway] in operation.
(2) If a window is covered for installation of a wardrobe, cupboard or other convenience, it shall be factory installed or otherwise permanently installed-optional equipment or facsimile only. Two outside mirrors shall be installed to afford the operator a clear view 200 feet to the rear of the vehicle.
§ 175.71. Windshield wipers.
(a) Condition of windshield wipers. A wiper system [shall] must be in safe operating condition as described in § 175.80 (relating to inspection procedure).
(b) Cleaning. A vehicle specified under this subchapter [shall] must be equipped with a wiper system capable of cleaning rain, snow and other moisture from windshield and constructed [so as] to be operated by a switch conveniently located for use by the driver while in normal operating position.
(1) Wipers shall operate as specified by the manufacturer or a minimum of 45 cycles per minute if not specified.
(2) [A vehicle specified under this subchapter originally equipped with two wiper blades and two wiper arms—driver and passenger side—shall have them in place and in good working order.] A vehicle specified under this subchapter may not have less than the quantity of windshield wiper arms and windshield wiper blades as originally equipped by the manufacturer.
§ 175.72. Fuel systems.
(a) Condition of fuel systems. All components in a fuel system shall be in safe operating condition as described in § 175.80 (relating to inspection procedure).
(b) Fuel system requirements. The fuel system components [shall be leakproof and shall be] must be leak-proof and fastened securely to the vehicle with fasteners designed for that purpose.
(c) Accelerator operation. An accelerator control system [shall] must return the engine throttle to the idle position when the operator removes the actuating force from the accelerator control.
(d) Filler cap. A fuel system [shall] must be equipped with a filler cap or equivalent fuel filler neck-sealing device.
(e) Alternate fuel systems. See Subchapter M (relating to alternate fuel systems and controls).
§ 175.75. Exhaust systems.
(a) Condition of exhaust system. All components of the exhaust system [shall] must be in safe operating condition as described in § 175.80 (relating to inspection procedure).
(b) Exhaust system requirements. A vehicle specified under this subchapter [shall] must be constructed, equipped, maintained and operated to prevent engine exhaust gases from penetrating and collecting in any part of the vehicle occupied by the driver or a passenger, in addition to requirements of this title for an emission control system and smoke control for a diesel-powered vehicle.
(1) A vehicle specified under this subchapter [shall] must be equipped with a muffler or other effective noise-suppressing system in good working order and in constant operation. A muffler or exhaust system may not be equipped with a cutout, bypass or similar device [and a]. A muffler may not show evidence of external repair.
(2) The exhaust system of a vehicle may not be modified in a manner [which] that will amplify or increase noise emitted by the motor of a vehicle above the maximum level permitted by Chapter 157 (relating to established sound levels).
* * * * * § 175.76. Horns and warning devices.
(a) Condition of horns and warning devices. All components of a horn or warning device [shall] must be in safe operating condition as described in § 175.80 (relating to inspection procedure).
(b) Horn and warning device requirements. A vehicle specified under this subchapter [shall] must have a horn or other warning device [which] that is audible under normal conditions at a distance of not less than 200 feet. No vehicle shall be equipped with a siren, bell, whistle, or similar device emitting an unreasonably loud or harsh sound except emergency vehicles and vehicles equipped with an anti-theft device.
§ 175.77. Body.
* * * * * (d) Protruding objects. There may be no torn metal, glass [or], other loose or dislocated parts, or materials protruding from the body of the vehicle.
(e) Fender flares. A vehicle may be equipped with fender flares [not to exceed 3 inches] as described in § 175.80.
* * * * * § 175.78. Chassis.
(a) Condition of chassis. All items on the chassis [shall] must be in safe operating condition as described in § 175.80 (relating to inspection procedure).
(b) Vehicle frame. A vehicle frame [shall] or unibody must be in solid condition.
(c) Motor mounts. [Motor mounts may not be broken, cracked or missing.] Motor mounts must be in safe operating condition as described in § 175.80.
(d) Flooring and floor beds. Flooring and floor beds [shall] must be of a construction to support occupants and cargo which the vehicle is capable of carrying and may not have openings through which exhaust gases could enter passenger compartment.
(e) Bumpers. A vehicle specified under this subchapter [shall] must be equipped with bumpers of a type used as original equipment, or suitable replacement [which] that is equal to or greater in strength than that provided by the vehicle manufacturer, securely attached to the chassis or frame. See 75 Pa.C.S. § 4536 (relating to bumpers).
(1) A bumper [shall] must be of at least equivalent strength and mounting as the original equipment.
(2) No portion of a bumper may be broken, torn or protruding to create a hazard.
(3) A bumper or bumper cover may not extend beyond the [body line] bodyline or be longer than the original equipment, whichever is greater.
(4) A wood plank bumper is permitted on a road service truck or wrecker if it is firmly attached to a regular bumper or equivalent steel backing.
(5) Some part of the main horizontal bumper bar on passenger vehicles shall fall within 16—20 inches above ground level.
(6) Some part of the main horizontal bumper bar on multipurpose passenger vehicles and light trucks shall fall within 16—30 inches above ground level.
(7) A bumper cover must be securely fastened, and may not be broken, torn or protruding to create a hazard.
(f) Seats. A vehicle specified under this subchapter shall be equipped with a seat for an operator [which] that is firmly anchored to the frame or a support.
(1) [Metal springs may not protrude from the driver's seat.] Metal, springs or other materials may not protrude from any seat cushion or seat back that constitutes a hazard to the vehicle occupant.
(2) A seat adjusting mechanism may not move from a set position when so adjusted.
(g) [Safety] Seat or safety belts. A vehicle specified under this subchapter [shall] must be equipped with seat or safety belts of a type used as original equipment securely attached to the frame or structure. If attached to sheet metal, they [shall] must have backing plates. Seat or safety belts must be in safe operating condition as described in § 175.80.
[(1) Safety belt webbing may not be frayed.
(2) Belt buckles shall operate properly.]
(h) Body mounts. [Body mounts may not be broken, cracked, deteriorated or missing.] Body mounts must be in safe operating condition as described in § 175.80.
§ 175.80. Inspection procedure.
(a) External inspection. An external inspection shall be performed as follows:
(1) Verify ownership, legality and proof of financial responsibility. [For the purpose of this subchapter, ownership and legality shall be proven by a vehicle registration card, certificate of title or manufacturer's statement of origin. When a vehicle being held for resale is presented for inspection by a dealer licensed to sell vehicles in this Commonwealth, a VIN-specific auction slip or VIN-specific secure power of attorney evidencing the dealership's acquisition of the vehicle, or both, may be presented instead of a vehicle registration card, certificate of title or manufacturer's statement of origin.] For the purpose of this subchapter, ownership and legality shall be proven by a valid vehicle registration, valid temporary registration, a valid temporary registration renewal from the Department's online vehicle registration service issued for the vehicle being inspected, certificate of title or manufacturer's statement of origin. When a dealer licensed to sell vehicles in this Commonwealth presents a vehicle held for resale for inspection, a VIN-specific auction slip or VIN-specific secure power of attorney evidencing the dealership's acquisition of the vehicle, or both, may be presented instead of a valid vehicle registration, valid temporary registration, a valid temporary registration renewal from the Department's online vehicle registration service, certificate of title or manufacturer's statement of origin. Reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) When vehicle ownership and legality are demonstrated by presentation of a valid vehicle registration, valid temporary registration, a valid temporary registration renewal from the Department's online vehicle registration service, certificate of title, manufacturer's statement of origin, VIN-specific auction slip or VIN-specific secure power of attorney:
(A) The VIN on the vehicle is not in agreement with the certificate of title, manufacturer's statement of origin, VIN-specific auction slip or VIN-specific secure power of attorney. Exception: If only one digit is incorrect or two digits are transposed, and the owner provides evidence that the appropriate Department form has been completed to correct the error or transposition.
(B) For registered vehicles, the license plate is not in agreement with the valid vehicle registration, valid temporary registration or a valid temporary registration renewal from the Department's online vehicle registration service. Exception: If only one digit is incorrect or two digits are transposed, and the owner provides evidence that the appropriate Department form has been completed to correct an error or transposition.
(C) The VIN plate is not securely fastened or is defaced, misplaced or missing.
[(B)] (D) The license plate is hanging loosely from its mounting bracket.
[(C)] (E) The license plate is covered or obscured so that the numbers or letters cannot be identified.
[(D)] (F) The license plate lamp, if originally so equipped, does not illuminate the license plate.
[(iii)] (ii) Acceptable proof of financial responsibility is not provided. For the purpose of this chapter, financial responsibility shall be proven by one of the following documents:
(A) A valid paper or electronic financial responsibility identification card issued in accordance with 31 Pa. Code (relating to insurance).
(B) The declaration page of a valid insurance policy.
(C) A valid self-insurance identification card.
(D) A valid binder of insurance issued by an insurance company licensed to sell motor vehicle liability insurance in this Commonwealth.
(E) A valid insurance policy issued by an insurance company licensed to sell motor vehicle liability insurance in this Commonwealth.
(2) Check glazing.
(i) Reject if any of the following apply:
(A) Approved safety glazing is not used in every windshield, window and wing.
(B) A sign, poster or other material whose design prevents a driver from seeing through the material, obstructs, obscures or impairs the driver's clear view of the highway or an intersecting highway. Under FMVSS No. 205, this restriction does not apply to the rear side windows, rear wings or rear window of trucks or multi-purpose passenger vehicles.
(C) A sign, poster or other material, whose design prevents a driver from seeing through the material, extends more than 3 1/2 inches from the lowest exposed portion of the rear window, rear side windows or rear wings of a passenger car.
(D) A vehicle displays a sticker other than those prescribed under § 175.67(c) (relating to glazing), or displays a parking sticker in a location described in § 175.67(d).
(E) Glass is shattered [or], broken or has exposed sharp edges.
(F) The windshield is removed.
(G) [There are defects in an acute area of the windshield—center of the critical area on the driver's side of the vehicle directly in the driver's normal line of vision, 8 1/2 inches wide and 5 1/2 inches high—or discolorations or hazardous cracks to the front, right, left or rear of the driver which would interfere with the driver's vision.] There are cracks, defects or discolorations in the windshield wiper path of the windshield, or discolorations or hazardous cracks to the front, right, left or rear of the driver that are more than 3/4 inch in length or diameter, or that interfere with the driver's vision.
(H) Glass etchings, except those used for vehicle identification, are on the windshield or front side windows.
(I) Glass etchings extend more than 3 1/2 inches from the lowest exposed portion of rear window, rear side windows or rear wings.
(ii) This paragraph does not prohibit the use of a product or material along the top edge of a windshield as long as the product or material is transparent and does not encroach upon the AS-1 portion of the windshield as provided by FMVSS No. 205, and the product or material is not more than 3 inches from the top of the windshield.
(3) Check the windshield wiper system and reject if any of the following apply:
(i) The wipers do not operate as specified by manufacturer, or 45 cycles per minute if not specified.
(ii) The wiper blades are smaller than originally equipped, torn, or smear or streak the windshield after five cycles.
(iii) [There is only one wiper where two are required.] The quantity of wiper blades and wiper arms is less than the quantity originally equipped by the vehicle manufacturer.
(iv) The wipers do not return to the rest position.
(v) The windshield washers, if originally so equipped, do not operate.
(4) Check the door operation, including the tailgate, and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) The doors, except a tailgate on a pick-up truck, are not on the vehicle if originally fitted by the manufacturer.
(ii) The doors[, including the tailgate,] do not open and securely close [securely] from mechanisms inside and outside the vehicle, unless the vehicle has been manufactured or modified to the extent that there is no roof or side or if child safety locks are engaged. Note: The rear side doors on emergency vehicles as defined in 75 Pa.C.S. § 102 (relating to definitions) are exempted from this requirement.
(iii) The tailgate, if present, does not securely close.
(5) Check outside mirrors and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) The mirror is cracked, broken or discolored.
(ii) The mirror will not hold adjustment.
(iii) A vehicle does not have all outside rearview mirrors as originally equipped by the manufacturer.
(iv) Outside rearview mirrors, with a minimum reflective surface as described in § 175.68 (relating to mirrors), are not installed on both sides of the vehicle if a certificate of exemption for a [sun screening] sunscreening device or other material has been issued by the Department. See § 175.264 (relating to mirrors). A vehicle for which a certificate of exemption has been issued for medical reasons may be equipped with only a left outside rearview mirror, unless originally equipped with an outside rearview mirror on both sides of the vehicle.
(v) The mirrors, if originally so equipped, are missing.
(6) Check fenders, hood and trunk lid and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) A fender—front or rear—has been removed.
(ii) The fenders are not of a type and size used as original equipment.
(iii) The hood does not cover the entire motor compartment or cannot be fully closed.
(iv) The trunk lid is not present or does not close securely.
(v) [The fender flares exceed 3 inches in width.] Fender flares used to cover tire tread cause the vehicle to exceed the allowable vehicle width of less than 96 inches.
(7) Check the flooring and floor beds, including the cargo area, and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) They are not in a condition to support the occupants and cargo.
(ii) The floor pan is [rusted through so as to cause hazard to occupants or] corroded or configured to permit exhaust gases to enter any passenger compartment.
(8) Check the bumpers, visually accessible portion, and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) The bumper and bumper covers, if required as original equipment, [is] are not on the vehicle.
(ii) The bumpers and bumper covers are not firmly attached to the frame or chassis.
(iii) Some part of the [main] originally positioned horizontal bumper bar on passenger vehicles does not fall within 16—20 inches above ground level. Additional bumper material added to the originally positioned horizontal bumper bar is not to be used when taking this measurement.
(iv) Some part of the [main] originally positioned horizontal bumper bar on multipurpose passenger vehicles and light trucks does not fall within 16—30 inches above ground level. Additional bumper material added to the originally positioned horizontal bumper bar is not to be used when taking this measurement.
(v) A broken or torn portion [is protruding so as to create hazard] protrudes, creating a hazard.
(vi) The bumpers or bumper covers extend beyond [body line] the bodyline or are longer than originally equipped, whichever is greater.
(vii) A bumper cover is not securely fastened, protrudes or contains exposed sharp edges and is not attached in solid condition.
(9) Check the lamps and lenses and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) An exterior bulb or sealed beam, if originally equipped or installed, fails to light properly or fails to direct light properly, except ornamental lights.
(ii) The turn signal lamps and hazard warning lamps do not flash between 60—120 flashes per minute.
(iii) The turn signal lamps do not properly indicate right or left or hold in position when [so] switched or do not self-cancel, if originally designed to do so.
(iv) The back-up lamps do not turn off automatically when the vehicle goes forward, there is no indicator on the dash that lights or there is no audible warning signal.
(v) [The lamp shows a color contrary to the lighting chart.] A lamp is located or shows color contrary to the lighting chart and Society of Automotive Engineers lighting code tables II—IV.
(vi) The lamp or filament indicated at the switch position does not light when the correct switch indicates the lamp should be on.
(vii) [The lamp has a missing or broken lens.] A lamp or lens is loose, missing or broken.
(viii) [A required lamp is missing.] A required lamp or housing contains water, debris, excessive condensation or is repaired in a temporary manner.
(ix) [The auxiliary equipment is placed on, in or in front of a lamp.] Auxiliary equipment or a device is placed on, in or in front of a lamp to obscure, change the color or obstruct the beam.
(x) The fog lamps operate with the high beams of the headlamps or are substituted for the low beams.
(xi) The auxiliary driving lamps operate with the low beam of a standard headlamp system or alone.
(xii) The headlamps are out of adjustment as follows:
(A) Mechanical aimer:
(I) The horizontal aim is more than 4 inches to the left or right.
(II) The vertical aim is higher or lower than 4 inches from center.
(B) Screen or [photo electric] photoelectric type tester. See Charts 1—3 (relating to headlight aiming screen distance and marking identification; high beam inspection limits; and low beam inspection limits).
(I) Turn the lamps on high beam and reject if the center of the beam is horizontally more than 4 inches to the right or left of ''straight ahead'' or if center of light beam is vertically more than 4 inches above or below horizontal line.
(II) Turn the lamps on low beam and reject if the upper edge of the beam is more than 4 inches above or below horizontal center line of headlamp or if inner edge of beam is more than 4 inches to the right or left of the vertical line.
(xiii) The automatic headlamp aiming system malfunction indicator light displays ''check headlights'' or similar warning indicator, and one or more headlamps cannot be aimed as required.
(10) Check for protruding [metal] material and reject if torn metal, glass, or other loose or dislocated parts or material protrude from a surface of the vehicle [so as to create] creating a hazard.
(11) Check the exterior body components and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) Torn metal, broken glass, other loose or damaged material, or dislocated parts are present on the exterior of the vehicle creating a hazard such as sharp edges, or are in a deteriorated or dangerous condition, or a temporary repair that does not provide adequate structural support. Surface corrosion is not cause for rejection.
(ii) Holes are present that allow exhaust gases to enter the passenger compartment.
[(11)] (12) Check the fuel tank cap and reject if the fuel tank filler cap, if originally equipped, is missing.
[(12)] (13) Check the shock absorbers or struts and reject if [the vehicle continues free rocking motion greater than three cycles after release, indicating loss of the shock absorber function.] one or more of the following apply:
(i) The vehicle continues free rocking motion greater than three cycles after release, indicating loss of the shock absorber or strut function.
(ii) There are loose or missing bushings that affect the proper function of the shock absorbers or struts.
(b) Internal inspection. An internal inspection shall be performed as follows:
(1) Check steering column and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) [Freeplay] Measured freeplay exceeds the following allowances:
Wheel diameter Freeplay 16 inches or less 2 inches 18 inches 2 1/4 inches 20 inches 2 1/2 inches 22 inches 2 3/4 inches (ii) [The gear box is loose on the frame.] The tilt or telescopic steering wheel does not hold adjustment.
(iii) [The energy-absorbing column is defective.] The steering column is loose or displays movement.
(iv) The steering wheel, except if specially designed for handicapped drivers, is not circular or equivalent in strength to original equipment or has [an] a measured outside diameter less than 13 inches.
(v) The front wheels cannot be turned to the full right or left position without binding or interference.
(vi) The flexible steering coupler[—rag joint—is badly misaligned—], rag joint or universal/flex joint is badly misaligned, twisted or out of alignment between attaching collars.
(vii) The number of turns of the steering wheel from a straight ahead tire position to the right stop is not equal to the number of turns to the left stop within a tolerance of 1/4 turn.
(2) Check the high beam and turn signal indicator lamps and reject if the indicator lamps are not working.
(3) Check the horn and reject if any of the following apply:
(i) There is no horn or other acceptable audible warning device.
(ii) The horn or other warning device is not audible under normal conditions for distances of not less than 200 feet.
(iii) The vehicle is equipped with a siren, bell, whistle, or device emitting harsh or unreasonably loud sound, except for emergency vehicles and vehicles equipped with an anti-theft device.
(4) Check the brake pedal and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) The brake pedal travel exceeds 80% of the total available travel unless originally designed to do so.
(ii) The brake pedal fades while the vehicle is stopped unless originally designed to do so.
(iii) There is excessive friction in pedal linkage or components, pedal levers are misaligned or improperly positioned, or the pedal pad is missing or damaged to the extent that the underlying pedal is exposed.
(iv) A brake warning lamp or other device indicates a malfunction of the braking systems unless the vehicle is equipped with an antilock braking system [(ABS) which] that is designed to revert to standard braking operation and no [driveability] drivability deficiency or loss of braking performance is present.
(5) Check the parking brake operation and reject if the pedal or lever reaches its limit of travel before parking brakes are set, or the pedal is damaged to the extent that the underlying pedal is exposed.
(6) Check the [seat and] seats and seat or safety belts, if originally equipped, and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) [The driver's seat or back rest is not firmly attached.] All seats, including the backrest, are not firmly attached.
(ii) [The metal spring protrudes from driver's seat.] Any metal or spring protrudes from any seat cushion or seat back.
(iii) The driver's seat-adjusting mechanism slips out of set position.
(iv) There is no seat or safety belt for each seating location, if the vehicle was originally so equipped, or if seats have been added.
(v) [The safety] A seat or safety belt webbing is frayed.
(vi) The seat or safety belt buckles do not operate properly.
(vii) [The belt anchorages are broken.] The seat or safety belt anchors are broken, missing, not securely fastened or are severely deteriorated.
(viii) A passive seat or safety belt restraint system is inoperative in that it is not able to be locked in position at the ''B'' pillar.
(7) Check the inside mirror and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) The mirror is cracked, broken or discolored.
(ii) The mirror will not hold adjustment.
(iii) An object or material is hung from or blocking the inside mirror.
(iv) The mirror, if originally so equipped, is missing.
(8) Check front windshield defroster system, if so equipped, and reject if defroster fan does not function.
(c) Under the hood inspection. An under the hood inspection shall be performed as follows:
(1) Check the hood and reject if any of the following apply:
(i) The latch does not hold securely in the fully closed position.
(ii) The latch release mechanism or its parts are broken, missing or so poorly adjusted that the hood cannot [be closed] close properly.
(iii) The double latch mechanism is not operating as originally equipped.
(iv) Oil or any combustible fluid leaks on vehicle components in sufficient quantity to constitute a fire hazard.
(2) Check the motor mounts, either here or during the beneath vehicle inspection, and reject if the motor mounts are broken, cracked [or missing], missing or are not functioning as designed.
(3) Check the fuel systems and controls and reject if any of the following apply:
(i) There is [liquid] fuel leakage at any point in system.
(ii) A part of the fuel line is not securely fastened.
(iii) A fuel tank or line was not specifically designed or manufactured as a fuel tank or line.
(iv) A fuel line is in contact with high temperature surfaces or moving parts.
(v) A fuel tank or line intrudes into a driver, passenger or cargo compartment except if the vehicle was originally so designed. If the vehicle is equipped with an alternate fuel system, see Subchapter M (relating to alternate fuel systems and controls).
(vi) The throttle does not return to the idle position when the actuating force is removed.
(vii) The firewall has any holes or cracks [which] that would permit fumes to enter driver and passenger compartments.
(viii) Any fuel line, including tubing or hose that is chafed, worn, or restricted or repaired in a temporary manner and poses a risk of failure.
(ix) Visually accessible metal tubing is flaking, pitting or bulging, and poses a risk of failure.
(4) Check the exhaust system and reject if there is an exhaust leak in any under the hood components.
(5) Check the brake system and reject if any of the following apply:
(i) The master cylinder leaks.
(ii) The power brake lines or hydraulic hoses or lines leak or are disconnected, flattened [or restricted], restricted, crimped or corroded to the point of flaking, bulging or pitting, and pose a risk of failure or are not approved for use as brake lines.
(iii) Components are not approved for use on hydraulic brake lines according to Society of Automotive Engineers standards for hydraulic brake lines use.
[(iii)] (iv) The hydraulic booster for the power brake system is leaking or inoperative or has excessively worn belts that would prevent proper operation of the pump.
(v) Power assist unit for the power brake system is inoperative, leaking or worn preventing proper operation of the system.
(6) Check the battery if visually accessible and reject if the battery is not securely fastened with a device specifically designed for that function.
(7) Reject if oil or any combustible fluid leaks on vehicle components in sufficient quantity to constitute a fire hazard.
(d) Visual inspection of the emission control system. Vehicles registered in counties where there is not an emission inspection program under Chapter 177 (relating to emission inspection program)[,] shall be checked visually for the presence of emission control components. These components may be original vehicle equipment or an equivalent aftermarket replacement component meeting the same standards. In addition to the exceptions under § 175.4 (relating to vehicles required to be inspected), this subsection does not apply to vehicles registered as collectible or classic motor vehicles as defined in 75 Pa.C.S. § 102 [(relating to definitions)].
(1) The visual inspection shall be performed through direct observation or through indirect observation, using a mirror or other visual aid.
(2) Provided that the make and model year of the vehicle would have originally been equipped with the device, reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) The catalytic converter has been removed, disconnected or is the wrong type for the certified vehicle configuration.
(ii) [Exhaust] The exhaust gas recirculation [(EGR)] valve has been removed, disconnected or is the wrong type for the certified vehicle configuration.
(iii) [Positive] The positive crankcase ventilation [(PCV)] valve has been removed, disconnected or is the wrong type for the certified vehicle configuration.
(iv) [Fuel] The fuel inlet restrictor has been removed, disconnected or is the wrong type for the certified vehicle configuration.
(v) [Air] The air pump has been removed, disconnected or is the wrong type for the certified vehicle configuration.
(vi) [Evaporative] The evaporative control system components have been removed, disconnected or are the wrong type for the certified vehicle configuration.
(e) Beneath the vehicle inspection. A beneath the vehicle inspection shall be performed as follows:
(1) Inspect all external surfaces of the tires and wheels and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) A tire has two [adjacent treads with] or more grooves that measure less than 2/32-inch tread remaining at any point other than a wear bar—less than 4/32-inch tread on the front tires of the vehicles having a gross weight in excess of 10,000 pounds.
[(ii) A tire is worn so that the tread wear indicators contact the road in any two adjacent grooves.]
(ii) Any overall outside tire's diameter is smaller than the vehicle manufacturer's recommended minimum size or below the vehicle manufacturer's recommended load rating.
(iii) A tire is repaired on a sidewall.
[(iii)] (iv) A part of ply or cord is exposed.
[(iv)] (v) A tire has been repaired with a blow-out patch or boot.
[(v)] (vi) There is a bump, bulge or separation anywhere on the external surface of a tire.
[(vi)] (vii) A tire is marked ''not for highway use,'' ''for racing purposes only'' or ''unsafe for highway use,'' or has a similar designation.
[(vii)] (viii) There are other conditions or markings such as cracking or dry rotting reasonably believed to render the tire unsafe for highway use.
[(viii)] (ix) A tire has been regrooved or recut below the original tread design depth except special [taxicab tires which] tires that are identified as having extra undertread rubber.
[(ix)] (x) A tire's tread extends beyond the outer edge of the wheel housing, inclusive of fender flares.
[(x)] (xi) The tires used on the same axle are not the same size or type of construction—bias, belted, radial or snow.
[(xi)] (xii) The wheel nuts or bolts are missing, loose or have improper thread engagement.
[(xii)] (xiii) The stud or bolt holes are worn out of round.
[(xiii)] (xiv) Part of the wheel is bent, cracked, welded or [damaged so as to affect] otherwise damaged, affecting the safe operation of the vehicle.
[(xiv)] (xv) The rear wheel does not track the front wheel in [straight ahead] a straight-ahead position, as originally designed.
[(xv)] (xvi) The [wheel base] wheelbase on one side differs from the [wheel base] wheelbase on the other side by more than 1 inch, unless the vehicle's design specifications indicate different left and right wheel base dimensions.
[(xvi)] (xvii) Studded tires are in use after April 15 and before November 1.
[(xvii)] (xviii) Retreads are on the front axle of a taxi.
[(xviii)] (xix) The diameter of duals is not within [3/8-inch] 3/8 inch of each other.
[(xix)] (xx) An axle has missing tires or rims.
[(xx)] (xxi) A tire makes contact with the body or chassis.
[(xxi)] (xxii) Spacers or adapters over 1/4 inch in thickness are used to increase wheel track, unless originally equipped by the manufacturer.
[(xxii) A tire is smaller than the manufacturer's recommended minimum size or below the manufacturer's recommended load rating.]
(2) Inspect the steering system and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) Steering gear [box is loose on frame] is loose on its mounting, or is binding or leaking preventing proper operation of the system.
(ii) Measured movement at the front or rear of a tire is greater than [1/4-inch. Eliminate] manufacturer's specifications using the manufacturer's recommended procedure. In the absence of a manufacturer's specification, measured movement at the front or rear of a tire is greater than 1/4 inch. If there is no manufacturer's recommended procedure, eliminate all wheel bearing movement by applying the service brake; then, with the vehicle raised and wheels in the straight ahead position, grasp the front and rear of the tire and attempt to move the assembly right and left without moving the steering gear. Measure the movement.
(iii) The linkage components are not secured with cotter pins or other suitable devices.
(iv) The steering stops allow the tire to rub on the frame or chassis parts.
(v) The front wheels are incapable of being turned to the right and left steering stops without binding or interference.
(vi) The steering damper has severe leakage, not slight dampness.
(vii) Any constant velocity joint is loose, noisy or demonstrates a drivability problem during the test drive.
(viii) The steering assembly and steering mechanism is not in safe operating condition according to manufacturer's recommended procedures.
(3) Inspect the suspension system and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) The measured ball joint movement is in excess of the manufacturer's specifications using the manufacturer's recommended procedures.
(ii) The shock absorbers or struts are missing.
(iii) The shock absorbers or strut bearing plate, mounting bolts or mounts are broken.
(iv) The shock absorbers or struts have severe leakage—not slight dampness.
(v) The sway or stabilizer bar [is] and mounting components are loose, missing or broken.
(vi) The coil spring or [main] leaf spring is broken, if originally equipped.
(vii) [The spring attaching part is loose, badly worn, broken or missing.] The coil spring, leaf spring, torsion bar or mounting components is loose, badly worn, broken, missing or corroded.
(viii) Spring shackle kits or blocks are used to lower the suspension of the front of the vehicle.
(ix) Spring shackle kits are more than 2 inches over original equipment.
(x) Blocks are used on front axle to raise the vehicle.
(xi) [Blocks used on rear axle exceed 5 inches over original equipment.] A block used on a rear axle exceeds 5 inches over original equipment or multiple blocks are used.
(4) Inspect the floor and reject if any of the following apply:
(i) The floor bed, rocker panels or inner panels have openings [which] that would allow exhaust gases to enter either the occupant compartment or trunk.
(ii) The floor bed [is not sufficient to hold the weight of] does not provide adequate structural support for the driver, passengers and cargo.
(5) Inspect the vehicle frame and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) The vehicle frame or unibody is not in solid condition.
(ii) [The repairs] Repairs are made with tape, tar paper or cloth, or are made in another temporary manner that does not provide adequate structural support.
(iii) [The frame components are missing, cracked, rotted or broken or are in deteriorated or dangerous condition.] The frame or unibody components (such as cross members, body/cab mount supports, truck frame cross supports, A-frame, radiator supports, engine/transaxle supports or other components providing structural support) are missing, cracked, corroded (not surface corrosion), or broken or are in a deteriorated or dangerous condition.
(iv) Body mounts do not hold as required.
(v) A body mount is broken, cracked, deteriorated or missing.
(vi) The difference [in the body floor and] from the body floor to the top of the frame rail exceeds 4 inches.
(6) Inspect exhaust system and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) The vehicle has no muffler or muffler has external repair.
(ii) There are loose or leaking joints.
(iii) There are holes, cracks or leaking seams in the exhaust system, to include the exhaust manifold.
(iv) There is a muffler catalytic converter or similar device cutout [or similar device].
(v) Part of the exhaust system passes through the occupant compartment.
(vi) The elements are not securely fastened with proper clamps and hangers.
(vii) [The exposed exhaust system does not have adequate heat shield or protective system.] Any exposed portion of the exhaust system, including those through truck beds, does not have an adequate heat shield or protective system to prevent contact with people or cargo.
(viii) The exhaust does not discharge completely to the outside edge of the vehicle body behind the passenger compartment or to the rear of the vehicle, including a truck bed, or as originally designed.
(ix) The catalytic converter has had an external repair, been removed, disconnected or has an external repair.
(7) Inspect the service braking system. Remove [at least one front and one opposite rear wheel and] all wheels and reject if one or more of the following apply:
(i) The hydraulic hoses or tubing are not approved for use as brake lines; leaks; is flattened, restricted, insecurely fastened or improperly retained; or has exposed cords.
(ii) The wheel cylinder [leaks] has visible external leakage without the removal of the dust cover, has missing parts, is improperly retained or is not functioning.
(iii) The caliper leaks, has missing parts, is improperly retained or [is] caliper components are not functioning properly.
(iv) The lining is broken; not firmly attached to shoe or pad backing; or contaminated with oil, grease or another substance that would affect proper brake operation.
(v) There is mechanical damage other than wear.
(vi) The measured inside diameter of the drum is greater than the maximum diameter stamped on the drum or greater than [.090] 0.090 inch over original drum diameter for unmarked drums.
(vii) The measured disc thickness is less than the minimum stamped on the assembly or less than the manufacturer's specifications.
(viii) The measured bonded linings are less than 2/32 inch at the thinnest point.
(ix) The measured riveted linings are less than 1/32 inch above the rivet head at the thinnest point.
(x) The drums or rotors [are scored deeper than .015 inch] have scoring or pitting measuring deeper than 0.015 inch.
(xi) Repairs are made with components that are not approved for use on hydraulic brake lines according to Society of Automotive Engineers standards for hydraulic brake line use.
(xii) Brake pads or shoes do not make full contact with the rotor or drum, as originally designed.
(xiii) The brake line or brake hose is crimped, is corroded (not surface corrosion) to the point of flaking, bulging or pitting and poses a risk of failure.
(xiv) The braking performance is affected by a backing plate that is broken, corroded or missing, if originally equipped. Surface corrosion is not cause for rejection.
(8) Inspect the fuel system and reject if any of the following apply:
(i) There is fuel leakage.
(ii) [Part] Any part of the system is not securely fastened.
(iii) The system is not properly routed.
(iv) Fuel tank mounting components are severely corroded (not surface corrosion) to the point of flaking or pitting and pose a risk of failure.
(v) Metal tubing is flaking or bulging and poses a risk of failure.
(vi) Any fuel tank or fuel line is not specifically designed or manufactured as a fuel tank or fuel line.
(f) [Road test. Perform road test and reject if one or more of the following apply:] Test drive. A test drive of not less than 1 mile shall be performed as the final step in the inspection procedure and prior to the issuance of the certificate of inspection. Reject if one or more of the following apply:
(1) The parking brake fails to exhibit normal resistance when an attempt is made to move the vehicle both forward and backward from a stopped position.
(2) The automatic transmission [will] does not hold in the park position, if originally equipped.
(3) The vehicle is not capable of stopping within the maximum stopping distance prescribed in Table I (relating to brake performance) or swerves so that any part leaves the 12-foot lane.
(4) There is a malfunction of the braking or steering mechanism, particular shimmy, wander, pull or [another] any other questionable operating behavior that affects safe operation of the vehicle.
(5) The speedometer does not operate.
(6) The odometer does not operate, except on a motor vehicle at least 25 years old.
(7) The vehicle cannot be driven both forward and backward.
(8) The starter inhibitor system does not function, as originally equipped.
(9) The windshield defroster does not provide adequate heat to defrost the windshield.
Subchapter G. RECREATIONAL, SEMI AND UTILITY TRAILERS § 175.130. Inspection procedure.
(a) External inspection. An external inspection of a trailer over 3,000 pounds registered gross weight shall be performed as follows:
(1) Verify ownership[,] and legality [and proof of financial responsibility]. For the purpose of this subchapter, ownership and legality shall be proven by a vehicle registration card, certificate of title or manufacturer's statement of origin. When a vehicle being held for resale is presented for inspection by a dealer licensed to sell vehicles in this Commonwealth, a VIN-specific auction slip or VIN-specific secure power of attorney evidencing the dealership's acquisition of the vehicle, or both, may be presented instead of a vehicle registration card, certificate of title or manufacturer's statement of origin. Reject if one or more of the following apply:
* * * * *
[Pa.B. Doc. No. 17-508. Filed for public inspection March 24, 2017, 9:00 a.m.]
No part of the information on this site may be reproduced for profit or sold for profit.This material has been drawn directly from the official Pennsylvania Bulletin full text database. Due to the limitations of HTML or differences in display capabilities of different browsers, this version may differ slightly from the official printed version.
