THE COURTS

Title 246—MINOR COURT
CIVIL RULES

PART I. GENERAL

[ 246 PA. CODE CH. 300 ]

Order Amending Rules 301, 302 and 321 and Adopting Rule 350 of the Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure Governing Actions and Proceedings before Magisterial District Judges; No. 466 Magisterial Rules Docket

[52 Pa.B. 2357]
[Saturday, April 23, 2022]

Order

Per Curiam

 And Now, this 12th day of April, 2022, upon the recommendation of the Minor Court Rules Committee; the proposal having been published for public comment at 50 Pa.B. 3104 (June 27, 2020) and 51 Pa.B. 5596 (September 4, 2021) pursuant to Pa.R.J.A. 103(a)(3):

 It is Ordered pursuant to Article V, Section 10 of the Constitution of Pennsylvania that Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure Governing Actions and Proceedings Before Magisterial District Judges 301, 302, and 321 are amended and Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure Governing Actions and Proceedings Before Magisterial District Judges 350 is adopted, in the attached form.

 This Order shall be processed in accordance with Pa.R.J.A. 103(b) and shall be effective on October 1, 2022.

 Additions to the rules are shown in bold and are underlined.

 Deletions from the rules are shown in bold and brackets.

Annex A

TITLE 246. MINOR COURT CIVIL RULES

PART I. GENERAL

CHAPTER 300. CIVIL ACTION

Rule 301. Definition. Scope.

 A. As used in this chapter,[¹] ''action'' means a civil action brought before a magisterial district judge.

 B. Civil action includes any action within the jurisdiction of a magisterial district judge except an action by a landlord against a tenant for the recovery of the possession of real property.

 C. As used in this chapter, ''complaint'' or [C]civil [A]action shall include, where applicable, the attached and completed Civil Action Hearing Notice form.

 [Official Note] Comment: Civil action includes actions formerly denominated ''assumpsit'' or ''trespass'' (commonly called contract and tort cases, respectively) and civil claims for fines and penalties. See [Section 1515(a)(3) of the Judicial Code,] 42 Pa.C.S. § 1515(a)(3) prescribing the jurisdiction of magisterial district judges.

 The rules in this chapter [will] apply to all civil actions before magisterial district judges except an action by a landlord against a tenant for the recovery of possession of real property, which [are] is governed by Chapter 500 of these rules.

 Except as otherwise provided in Rule 350, the rules in this chapter apply to de novo appeals filed pursuant to 75 Pa.C.S. § 3369(j)(4), relating to automated work zone speed enforcement violations.

 Statutes authorizing a civil fine or penalty include [the following: (1) Section 10.1 of the Act of April 27, 1927, P.L. 465, No. 299, added by section 2 of the Act of December 21, 1988, P.L. 1315, No. 168, 35 P.S. § 1230.1 relating to clean indoor air; and Sections 617.1 and 817-A of the Act of July 31, 1968, P.L. 805, No. 247, as added by sections 62 and 77 of the Act of December 21, 1988, P.L. 1329, No. 170,] 53 P.S. §§ 10617.1[,] and 10817-A relating to violations of zoning and joint municipal zoning ordinances.

Rule 302. Venue.

*  *  *  *  *

 [Official Note] Comment: This rule [replaces the temporary venue provisions of § 14 of the Schedule to Article V, Pennsylvania Constitution, 1968. It] combines, with some minor changes, the Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure relating to venue. See:

 (1) Individuals: Pa.R.Civ.P. [No.] 1006(a).

 (2) Partnerships: Pa.R.Civ.P. [No.] 2130(a).

 (3) Corporations: Pa.R.Civ.P. [No.] 2179(a).

 (4) Insurance Policies: Pa.R.Civ.P. [No.] 2179(b).

 (5) Unincorporated Associations: Pa.R.Civ.P. [No.] 2156(a).

 (6) Political Subdivisions: Pa.R.Civ.P. [No.] 2103(b).

 This rule is not intended to repeal special statutory venue provisions, [not included therein (see Rule 382(3)),] such as the: (1) venue provisions [of the Goods and Services Installment Sales Act, Act of October 28, 1966, P.L. 7, Art. XII, § 1205, 69 P.S. § 2205,] for actions involving installment sales of goods and services, 12 Pa.C.S. § 6307; (2) [nor is it intended to contravene the special] venue provisions [of § 811] of the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, 5 U.S.C. § 1692i, pertaining to actions brought by debt collectors against consumers; and (3) venue provisions for appeals from automated work zone speed enforcement violations, 75 Pa.C.S. § 3369(j)(4). See Pa.R.Civ.P.M.D.J. 382(1) (pertaining to Acts of Assembly providing for special venue provisions that are not suspended).

 For a definition of ''transaction or occurrence,'' see Craig v. W.J. Thiele & Sons, Inc., [395 Pa. 129,] 149 A.2d 35 (Pa. 1959).

 Subdivision G is intended to take care of indistinct, ''center line'' or other confusing boundaries in the respects mentioned. When a complaint is transferred under subdivision H, it is treated as if originally filed in the transferee court on the date first filed in a court. If service of the complaint has already been made, no new service may be necessary, but the transferee court must set a new date, time and place for the new hearing and notify the parties thereof. It is the intent of this rule that cases may be transferred to any Pennsylvania court with appropriate jurisdiction and venue, including the Philadelphia Municipal Court. Likewise, nothing in this rule prohibits a court other than a magisterial district court from transferring a case to a magisterial district court with proper jurisdiction and venue, in accordance with the procedural rules of the transferring court. The jurisdictional limits of the magisterial district courts and the Philadelphia Municipal Court are governed by [Sections 1515 and 1123 of the Judicial Code, respectively.] 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 1515 and 1123, respectively.

 There are no costs for transfer of the complaint and no additional filing costs when a case is transferred from one magisterial district court to another magisterial district court. There are no additional filing costs when a case is transferred from the Philadelphia Municipal Court to a magisterial district court.

 There may be additional service costs when a case is transferred.

Rule 321. Hearings and Evidence.

 The magisterial district judge shall be bound by the rules of evidence, except that a bill, estimate, receipt, or statement of account [which] that appears to have been made in the regular course of business may be introduced in evidence by any party without affidavit or other evidence of its truth, accuracy, or authenticity.

 [Official Note] Comment: The exception to the rules of evidence provided by this rule was inserted because the Pennsylvania statutes making certain business entries admissible in evidence [(see the Judicial Code, § 6108, 42 Pa.C.S. § 6108)] apparently do not apply to bills, receipts, and the like [which] that are made in the regular course of business but are not made as ''records.'' See 42 Pa.C.S. § 6108. The fact that this exception permits the introduction of these items of evidence without affidavit or other evidence of their truth, accuracy, or authenticity does not, of course, preclude the introduction of evidence contradicting them. The exception was deemed necessary because the items of evidence made admissible thereby are probably the proofs most commonly used in minor judiciary proceedings. See Rule 350D(2) for additional exceptions applicable to appeals from automated work zone speed enforcement violations.

 The following text is entirely new.

 (Editor's Note: The following rule is printed in regular type to enhance readability.)

Rule 350. Automated Work Zone Speed Enforcement Violation Appeals.

 A. As used in this rule:

 (1) ''Appellant'' means the owner of a vehicle who has requested the appeal of a determination by a hearing officer pursuant to 75 Pa.C.S. § 3369(j)(4).

 (2) ''Appellee'' means the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission, or the system administrator designated by those agencies pursuant to 75 Pa.C.S. § 3369(h)(3)(i).

 B. Venue. An appeal filed pursuant to this rule shall only be filed in the magisterial district court in the magisterial district where the violation of 75 Pa.C.S. § 3369(c) occurred.

 C. Notice of Appeal.

 (1) An appellant may appeal a determination of a hearing officer pursuant to 75 Pa.C.S. § 3369(j)(4) by filing a notice of appeal on a form prescribed by the State Court Administrator together with a copy of the hearing officer's determination.

 (2) The appellant shall pay all costs for filing and service of the notice of appeal at the time of filing or, if without the financial resources to pay the costs of litigation, the appellant shall file a petition to proceed in forma pauperis pursuant to Rule 206E.

 (3) After setting the hearing date pursuant to Rule 305, the magisterial district judge shall serve the notice of appeal on the appellee by mailing a copy to the appellee at the address listed on the hearing officer's determination by certified mail or comparable delivery method resulting in a return receipt in paper or electronic form. The return receipt shall show that the notice of appeal was received by the appellee.

 D. Hearing; Evidence.

 (1) The proceeding shall be conducted de novo in accordance with these rules as if the action was initially commenced in a magisterial district court with the appellee having the burden of proof.

 (2) The hearing is subject to the standards of evidence set forth in Rule 321, except that photographs, videos, vehicle titles, police reports, and records of the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation may also be entered as evidence by any party without affidavit or other evidence of their truth, accuracy, or authenticity.

 Comment: 75 Pa.C.S. § 3369 established a program to provide for automated speed enforcement systems in active work zones on certain highways under the jurisdiction of the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation and the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission. This rule was adopted to address the provisions of the statute that permits a de novo appeal to a magisterial district court from a determination of a hearing officer following an administrative hearing to contest an alleged violation of 75 Pa.C.S. § 3369(c). Because these actions are de novo appeals, they shall proceed as any other civil action commenced in a magisterial district court except as provided by this rule.

 Insofar as other procedures under these rules may be applicable, the appellant shall be deemed the ''defendant'' and the appellee shall be deemed the ''plaintiff.''

 The initiating document in an appeal filed pursuant to Rule 350 is the notice of appeal, which shall be used in lieu of a complaint.

 Photographs, videos, vehicle titles, police reports, and records of the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation were added to the existing business record exceptions in Rule 321 because they are the proofs most likely to be used to support the permitted defenses to 75 Pa.C.S. § 3369(c).

 The appellant shall pay civil fines incurred pursuant to 75 Pa.C.S. § 3369(e) to the appellee and not to the magisterial district court. See Pa.R.Civ.P.M.D.J. 323, cmt. (clarifying that payments are made to the prevailing party and not the magisterial district court). If the magisterial district judge enters judgment in favor of the appellant, i.e., the vehicle owner, the appellant is entitled to recover taxable costs from the appellee. See Pa.R.Civ.P.M.D.J. 206B (''[T]he prevailing party in magisterial district court proceedings shall be entitled to recover taxable costs from the unsuccessful party. Such costs shall consist of all filing, personal service, witness, and execution costs authorized by Act of Assembly or general rule and paid by the prevailing party.'') Procedures for enforcement of judgments, including judgments in favor of the appellant for taxable costs from the appellee, are set forth in Rules 401 et seq.

 See Rules 1001 et seq. for procedures to appeal a judgment rendered by a magisterial district judge or to file a praecipe for a writ of certiorari in civil actions, including actions brought pursuant to this rule.

MINOR COURT PROCEDURAL RULES COMMITTEE ADOPTION REPORT

Amendment of Pa.R.Civ.P.M.D.J. 301, 302, and 321 and Adoption of Pa.R.Civ.P.M.D.J. 350

 On April 12, 2022, the Supreme Court amended Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure Governing Actions and Proceedings Before Magisterial District Judges 301, 302, and 321 and adopted new Rule 350 (''Rules''). These rule changes relate to appeals from hearing officer adjudications of automated work zone speed enforcement system violations (''AWZSES''). The Minor Court Procedural Rules Committee (''Committee'') has prepared this Adoption Report describing the rulemaking process as it relates to these Rules. An Adoption Report should not be confused with Comments to the rules. See Pa.R.J.A. 103, Comment. The statements contained herein are those of the Committee, not the Court.

 Act 86 of 2018 (''Act'') authorized the use of automated work zone speed enforcement systems (''AWZSES'') in active work zones along the Pennsylvania Turnpike and ''[f]ederal aid highways only under the jurisdiction of the [PennDOT].'' See 75 Pa.C.S. § 3369(a). The Act also established civil penalties for a speeding offense in a highway work zone recorded by an AWZSES. When the AWZSES records a speeding violation in an active work zone, a system administrator (i.e., agency vendor) will prepare and send a violation notice to the registered vehicle owner identified by the system. See id. § 3369(d). The vehicle owner may request a hearing before a hearing officer to contest the alleged violation. See id. § 3369(j)(1). The Act permits a vehicle owner to appeal the hearing officer's decision before a magisterial district judge:

If the owner requests in writing that the decision of the hearing officer be appealed, the system administrator shall file the notice of violation and supporting documents with the office of the magisterial district judge for the magisterial district where the violation occurred, and the magisterial district judge shall hear and decide the matter de novo.

 See id. § 3369(j)(4). PennDOT and the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission (collectively, ''agencies'') implemented AWZSES and it is operational. In anticipation of appeals from hearing officer determinations filed pursuant to 75 Pa.C.S. § 3369(j)(4), the Committee drafted Rule amendments to (1) clarify that Pa.R.Civ.P.M.D.J. 301—382 apply to AWZSES violation appeals; and (2) provide certain exceptions for these actions due to their unique nature as de novo appeals from hearing officer determinations. The Committee published a proposal relating to AWZSES appeals for public comment at 50 Pa.B. 3104 (June 27, 2020) and accepted comments through August 4, 2020. The Committee then made further revisions to the proposal based on feedback received.

 The Committee published for public comment additional changes to the proposal at 51 Pa.B. 5596 (September 4, 2021). Rule 301 is amended to provide the Rules apply to AWZSES appeals, except as otherwise provided by new Rule 350. Rule 302 is amended to include AWZSES appeals to the list of actions with special venue provisions, as well as other amendments to enhance readability. Rule 321 is amended to add a cross-reference to new Rule 350(D)(2), providing exceptions to evidentiary requirements for AWZSES appeals. These amendments are nearly identical to the Rule amendments published in 2020.

 New Rule 350 contains a special venue rule, evidentiary exceptions, and clarifies the nature of the parties and proceeding in an AWZSES violation appeal. New Rule 350 requires a vehicle owner appealing from a hearing officer determination to file a notice of appeal along with a copy of the hearing officer determination with the magisterial district court. The notice of appeal takes the place of a complaint as the initiating document in the civil action. The vehicle owner is the appellant in the action and the agency or its designee is the appellee. To the extent other procedural rules are applicable to these appeals, the parties may also be deemed the defendant and plaintiff, respectively. The vehicle owner is responsible for remitting the filing fee with the notice of appeal unless they concurrently file a petition to proceed in forma pauperis pursuant to Rule 206(E) (for a party without financial resources to pay the costs of litigation). Notably, the Act does not address the payment of court costs and fees for appeal to the magisterial district court from the determination of the hearing officer. Filing fees and court costs are established by statute. See, e.g., 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 1725.1(a)(1), 3733, and 3733.1. Currently, filing fees and courts costs in these actions are approximately $96.00, not including service.

 Finally, new Rule 350 provides that if the vehicle owner is successful on appeal, then they are entitled to recover taxable costs. While it may be unusual for a state agency or its designee to be a party in a civil matter in magisterial district court, the Legislature has designated the AWZSES appeals as civil rather than criminal actions. There are no provisions in the Act exempting the parties from filing fee requirements pursuant to 42 Pa.C.S. § 1725.1(a) or from the awarding of costs to a successful appellant pursuant to 42 Pa.C.S. § 1726. See also Pa.R.Civ.P.M.D.J. 206(B). Procedures for a prevailing litigant to enforce a judgment are set forth at Rules 401 et seq.

 With respect to procedures for filing an appeal or writ of certiorari in these matters, the Comment to Rule 350 directs the reader to Rules 1001 et seq. An appeal from a judgment rendered by a magisterial district court should be made to the court of common pleas for the judicial district. See Pa.R.Civ.P.M.D.J. 1001 et seq. As provided by statute, ''[e]xcept as otherwise prescribed by any general rule adopted pursuant to section 503 (relating to reassignment of matters), each court of common pleas shall have exclusive jurisdiction of appeals from final orders of the minor judiciary established within the judicial district.'' See 42 Pa.C.S. § 932.

 These amendments become effective October 1, 2022.

[Pa.B. Doc. No. 22-599. Filed for public inspection April 22, 2022, 9:00 a.m.]

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[¹ Rules in 300 Series.]

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