STATEMENTS OF POLICY
Title 25--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
[ 25 PA. CODE CH. 16 ]
Water Quality Toxics Management Strategy--Statement of Policy
[39 Pa.B. 2543]
[Saturday, May 16, 2009]The Department of Environmental Protection (Department) is amending Chapter 16 (relating to water quality toxics management--statement of policy). These amendments complement the triennial review and revision of Chapter 93 (relating to water quality standards). See 39 Pa.B. 2523 (May 16, 2009) for the text of the final-form rulemaking.
A. Effective Date
These amendments will be effective upon publication in the Pennsylvania Bulletin.
B. Contact Persons
For further information contact Richard H. Shertzer, Chief, Division of Water Quality Standards, Bureau of Water Standards and Facility Regulation, 11th Floor, Rachel Carson State Office Building, P. O. Box 8467, (717) 787-9637 or Michelle Moses, Assistant Counsel, Bureau of Regulatory Counsel, 9th Floor, Rachel Carson State Office Building, P. O. Box 8464, Harrisburg, PA 17105-8464, (717) 787-7060. Persons with a disability may use the Pennsylvania AT&T Relay Service by calling (800) 654-5984 (TDD users) or (800) 654-5988 (voice users). This proposal is available electronically through the Department's web site (http://www.depweb.state.pa.us).
C. Statutory Authority
These amendments are made under the authority of sections 5(b)(1) and 402 of The Clean Streams Law (35 P. S. §§ 691.5(b)(1) and 691.402), which authorize the Board to develop and adopt rules and regulations to implement provisions of The Clean Streams Law and section 1920-A of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. § 510-20), which grants to the Board the power and duty to formulate, adopt and promulgate rules and regulations for the proper performance of the work of the Department. In addition, section 303 of the Federal Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C.A. § 1313) sets forth requirements for water quality standards and the Federal regulations in 40 CFR 131.32 (relating to Pennsylvania) set forth certain requirements for portions of the Commonwealth's antidegradation program and the Federal regulation in 40 CFR 131.41 (relating to bacteriological criteria for those states not complying with Clean Water Act section 303(i)(1)(A)) sets forth bacteria criteria for coastal recreation waters in the Commonwealth.
D. Background and Summary
The Commonwealth's water quality standards in Chapters 16 and 93 implement the provisions of section 5 and 402 of The Clean Streams Law and section 303 of the Federal Clean Water Act. Water quality standards consist of the uses of the surface waters of this Commonwealth, the specific numeric and narrative criteria necessary to achieve and maintain those uses and antidegradation regulations. Chapter 16 is a water quality policy for managing toxic pollutants. It sets forth the guidelines for development of criteria for toxic substances, and lists the water quality criteria and analytical methods and detection limits for toxic substances. Chapter 16 is directly referenced as a support policy document in § 93.8a (relating to water quality criteria for toxic substances).
The revisions to Chapter 16 will consolidate the location of water quality criteria by incorporating the updated criteria into Chapter 93 water quality standards, streamline and clarify requirements, update the policy to be consistent with Federal requirements and preserve Pennsylvania-specific requirements to serve the citizens of this Commonwealth. This statement of policy may affect persons who discharge wastewater into surface waters of this Commonwealth, or otherwise conduct activities, which may impact the waters.
The Department's Water Resources Advisory Committee (WRAC) was briefed on the proposed amendments at its May 10, 2006, October 13, 2006, and May 9, 2007, meetings. In addition, the Department presented the proposed amendments to the Agricultural Advisory Board on August 22, 2007.
The proposed amendments were shared with the Environmental Quality Board (EQB) as a companion to the triennial review of water quality standards rulemaking at its October 16, 2007, meeting, although the EQB is not required to act on the revisions to the Department's Statement of Policy for toxic substances. The proposed amendments were published at 38 Pa.B. 258 (January 12, 2008) with provision for a 45-day public comment period, which closed on February 26, 2008. Comments were received from two commentators as a result of the public comment period and the public meetings. The Department considered all the public comments received on its proposal in preparing for the final amendments to the statement of policy. The draft final amendment was discussed with and approved by WRAC on July 22, 2008. The comments received on the proposed amendments are summarized in Section E.
E. Summary of Responses to Comments and Changes to the Proposed Amendment
A total of three comments were received concerning the proposed amendments. Changes were made to §§ 16.11, 16.32, 16.33 and 16.51(a) based on the comments received.
In §§ 16.11, 16.32 and 16.33 (relating to toxic substances; threshold level toxic effects; and nonthreshold effects (cancer)), the Department is adding citations to clarify that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has added new methodologies for the development of human health criteria. This section mentions the National Recommended Water Quality Criteria: 2002. The EPA suggested that the structure of the sentence could imply that this document is guidance for developing criteria, whereas it actually housed the EPA's specific criteria recommendations. The EPA recommended the sentence be modified to read: ''The EPA has updated the criteria or issued new criteria since 1980 based on new data, and more recently, new methodologies for developing human health criteria as summarized in the Methodology for Deriving Ambient Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Human Health (EPA-822-B-00-004, October 2000). The EPA's current criteria recommendations can be found in the National Recommended Water Quality Criteria (EPA-822-H-04-001, 2004), as amended and updated.''
The Department has modified the sentences pertaining to the referenced documents as suggested by the EPA.
In § 16.32(b), it was noted that the EPA now recommends the use of bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) in the 2000 Methodology for Deriving Ambient Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Human Health, although until BAFs can be developed, the EPA continues to accept the use of bioconcentration factors (BCFs). The Department intends to follow these recommendations regarding BAFs and BCFs.
It was requested that the Department clarify what will be included in Appendix A, Table 1A. In § 16.51(a) (relating to human health and aquatic life criteria) it is stated that this Appendix will list site-specific human health and aquatic life criteria that have been developed or reviewed and approved by the Department. The Summary of Amendments for Chapter 16 indicates that ''site-specific criteria that are developed or approved by the Department will be housed in Appendix A, Table 1A until a time that there is an opportunity for a final rulemaking by the Board that incorporates the criteria into Chapter 93, Table 5.'' Since the contents of Table 1 have been relocated to § 93.8c, the former Table 1 is now reserved, and a new Table 1A is being created to house Site-Specific criteria for toxic substances. The Department has provided additional clarification in Chapter 16, as well as Chapter 93, that the site-specific criteria in Appendix A, Table 1A will be incorporated into the appropriate portion of §§ 93.9a--93.3z that relates to ''Exceptions to Specific Criteria'' unless, during rulemaking, it is determined that the same criterion has general Statewide applicability, whereas at that time it will be included into Table 5 in Chapter 93.
Changes to proposed amendments for Chapter 16
A detailed description of the comments and revisions to the Chapter 16 proposal follows:
§§ 16.11, 16.32 and 16.33.
In §§ 16.11, 16.32 and 16.33 (relating to toxic substances; threshold level toxic effects; and nonthreshold effects (cancer)), the Department has modified the sentences pertaining to the referenced documents as suggested by the EPA, which will read as follows:
''The EPA has updated the criteria or issued new criteria since 1980 based upon new data, and more recently, new methodologies for developing human health criteria as summarized in the Methodology for Deriving Ambient Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Human Health (EPA-822-B-00-004, October 2000). The EPA's current criteria recommendations can be found in the National Recommended Water Quality Criteria (EPA-822-H-04-001, 2004), as amended and updated.''
§ 16.51(b).
The reference to Appendix A, Table 1A in § 16.51(b) will not be added as originally proposed because it is not applicable to a natural quality determination.
§ 16.102 General, Appendix A, Table 1A.
It was requested that the Department clarify what will be included in Appendix A, Table 1A. The Summary of Amendments for Chapter 16 indicates that, ''site-specific criteria that are developed or approved by the Department will be housed in Appendix A, Table 1A until a time that there is an opportunity for a final rulemaking by the Board that incorporates the criteria into Chapter 93, Table 5.''
The Department has added the following language to the introduction to the table, ''A criterion placed in this table will remain a site-specific criterion as originally developed and be incorporated into the appropriate portion of §§ 93.9a--93.3z that relates to 'Exceptions to Specific Criteria' unless, during rulemaking, it is determined that the same criterion has general statewide applicability.''
The Department has prepared a Comment and Response document for the proposed amendments. Copies are available from the Division of Water Quality Standards at the address in Section B.
JOHN HANGER,
Secretary(Editor's Note: Title 25 of the Pennsylvania Code is amended by amending a statement of policy in §§ 16.1, 16.11, 16.22, 16.24, 16.32, 16.33, 16.41, 16.51, 16.61, 16.101 and by adding Table 1A in Appendix A to read as set forth in Annex A.)
(Editor's Note: For a regulation relating to this statement of policy, see 39 Pa.B. 2523 (May 16, 2009).
Fiscal Note: 7-512. No fiscal impact; (8) recommends adoption.
Annex A
TITLE 25. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
PART I. DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Subpart A. PRELIMINARY PROVISIONS
ARTICLE II. STATEMENTS OF POLICY
CHAPTER 16. WATER QUALITY TOXICS MANAGEMENT STRATEGY--STATEMENT OF POLICY
Subchapter A. GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF CRITERIA FOR TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR TOXIC SUBSTANCES
INTRODUCTION § 16.1. General.
Water quality criteria are the numeric concentrations, levels or surface water conditions that need to be maintained or attained to protect existing and designated uses. They are designed to protect the water uses listed in Chapter 93 (relating to water quality standards). The most sensitive of these protected uses are generally water supply, recreation and fish consumption, and aquatic life related. Therefore, criteria designed to protect these uses will normally protect the other uses listed in Chapter 93. This chapter specifies guidelines and procedures for development of criteria for toxic substances and also lists those site-specific criteria which have been developed.
DISCUSSION § 16.11. Toxic substances.
(a) These guidelines cover section 307(a) of The Federal Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C.A. § 1317(a)) priority pollutants and other toxic substances which the Department determines to be of concern due to their verified or suspected presence in wastewater discharges. Priority pollutants are the primary focus of concern because the EPA has determined them to be the most commonly used, persistent and toxic substances in wastewater discharges. They include many heavy metals and solvents.
(b) In November 1980, the EPA published criteria for protection of human health and aquatic life for 104 of the 129 priority pollutants. (There are currently 126 priority pollutants since three have subsequently been deleted.) These criteria were developed in accordance with National guidelines summarized at 45 FR 79318 (1980). The EPA has updated the criteria or issued new criteria since 1980 based upon new data, and more recently, new methodologies for developing human health criteria as summarized in the Methodology for Deriving Ambient Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Human Health (EPA-822-B-00-004, October 2000) and the National Recommended Water Quality Criteria (EPA-822-H-04-001, 2004), as amended and updated. The Department's procedures for establishing criteria for aquatic life and human health protection for priority pollutants, and other toxics of concern are discussed in this subchapter.
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF AQUATIC LIFE CRITERIA § 16.22. Criteria development.
The Department will establish criteria for toxic substances to provide for protection of aquatic life in accordance with the following guidelines:
(1) For those toxics for which the EPA has developed criteria in accordance with the National guidelines as set forth in ''Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses'' (1985), as amended and updated, the Department will review and evaluate the criteria. If the Department determines that the criteria are adequate to protect indigenous aquatic communities in the State's waters, these criteria will serve as the basis for establishing total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) under Chapter 96 (relating to water quality standards implementation) or NPDES effluent limitations under Chapter 92 (relating to National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permitting, monitoring and compliance). If the Department determines that the EPA National criteria are inappropriate, the Department will adjust these criteria in accordance with National guidelines to reflect the levels required for protection of aquatic life in this Commonwealth's waters.
(2) For those toxics identified or expected in a discharge for which the EPA has not developed criteria, the Department will develop criteria using EPA approved National guidelines.
§ 16.24. Metals criteria.
(a) The criteria are established to control the toxic portion of a substance in the water column. Depending upon available data, aquatic life criteria for metals are expressed as either dissolved or total recoverable. As information develops, the chemical identifiers for the toxic portion may be added, changed or refined. The criteria form one of the bases for water quality-based effluent limitations, which are expressed as total recoverable metal.
(b) Chemical translators are used to convert dissolved criteria into effluent limitations which are required by Federal regulations to be expressed as total recoverable metal. The default chemical translator used by the Department is the reciprocal of the conversion factor (listed in the Conversion Factors Table located in § 93.8b (relating to metals criteria)) that was used to determine the dissolved criterion.
(c) NPDES dischargers may request alternate effluent limitations by using site-specific water quality characteristics. This is accomplished by performing a site-specific chemical translator study for a dissolved criterion. A water effect ratio (WER) study may also be conducted, based on either total recoverable or dissolved criteria, depending on the form of the criterion.
(d) A WER is a factor that expresses the difference between the measures of the toxicity of a substance in laboratory water and the toxicity in site water. The WER provides a mechanism to account for that portion of a metal which is toxic under certain physical, chemical or biological conditions. At this time, WERs are applicable only to certain metals, which are listed by the EPA in ''Guidance on the Determination and Use of Water-Effect Ratios for Metals'' (February 1994), as amended and updated. Subject to Departmental approval of the testing and its results, the Department will use the WER to establish an alternate site-specific criterion.
(e) Chemical translator studies must be conducted in accordance with the EPA's interim final document, ''The Metals Translator: A Guidance for calculating a total recoverable permit limit from a dissolved criterion'' (June 1996), as amended and updated.
(f) Final reports on the studies shall be submitted to the Department within 60 days of completion. Upon approval of the study results, the Department will use the chemical translator or WER, or both, to determine revised effluent limitations.
GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN HEALTH-BASED CRITERIA § 16.32. Threshold level toxic effects.
(a) A threshold effect is defined as an adverse impact that occurs in the exposed individual only after a physiological reserve is depleted. For these effects there exists a dose below which no adverse response will occur. Threshold toxic effects include most systemic effects and developmental toxicity, including teratogenicity. Developmental toxicity includes all adverse effects in developing offspring resulting from prenatal exposure to a causative agent.
(b) Control of threshold toxics is based upon animal testing or epidemiological studies that report no- or lowest-observed adverse effect levels of the substance (NOAEL or LOAEL). In evaluating a particular toxic, toxicologists weigh the merits of all the tests, and choose, in their best professional judgment, the safe level. By applying standard margins of safety to the NOAEL, extrapolations from the laboratory animals to humans (factor of 10), for sensitive subpopulations (10), and from short-term to chronic studies (10) can be taken into account. An additional factor of 10 is used if only a LOAEL is available. Modifying factors (1-10), which account for deficiencies in the toxicity studies, are also considered in determining an acceptable exposure level. The current term for this acceptable level is reference dose (RfD); it was previously called the acceptable daily intake (ADI). The RfD is adjusted for protection of an average (70 Kg) person. It is then divided by expected exposure condition to result in an applicable criterion. Except as provided in § 16.61(b)(2) (relating to special provisions for the Great Lakes System), exposure conditions by means of water include 2 liters per day of drinking water and consumption of 17.5 grams of fish per day. Bioconcentration of toxics in edible portions of fish is accounted for by use of bioconcentration factors (BCF). BCF is the ratio in liters per kilogram of a substance's concentration in tissues of an aquatic organism to its concentration in the ambient water.
(c) The Department will establish criteria for threshold toxics in accordance with the following guidelines:
(1) If the EPA has developed criteria, the Department will evaluate and accept the criteria when it is determined that they are adequate to protect the designated water uses.
(2) If the EPA criteria have been evaluated, and have been determined to be inadequate to protect designated uses, or when no criteria have been developed for a substance identified or expected in a discharge, the Department will develop criteria following EPA's standard toxicological procedures outlined in the Methodology for Deriving Ambient Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Human Health (EPA-822-B-00-004, October 2000) and the National Recommended Water Quality Criteria (EPA-822-H-04-001, 2004), as amended and updated or Exhibit 3-1 of the Water Quality Standards Handbook, Second Edition, EPA 823-0-94-005A, August, 1994, as amended and updated.
(3) If no data are available to characterize the human health hazard of a chemical, no criterion will be developed. A criterion to protect the next most sensitive use will be used. A threshold criterion will be developed at a future date if information becomes available.
(d) The sources the Department uses to obtain relevant risk assessment values for protection for threshold level toxic effects to human health are as follows:
(1) Verified reference doses, listed in the EPA agency-wide supported data system known as IRIS (Integrated Risk Information System) and other EPA approved data sources referred through IRIS.
(2) Maximum Contaminant Level Goals.
(3) The EPA's CWA § 304(a) health criteria listed under the National Toxics Rule in 40 CFR 131.36 (57 FR 80848, December 22, 1992) (relating to toxics criteria for those States not complying with Clean Water Act section 303(c)(2)(B)), as amended and updated and other final criteria published by the EPA and the Great Lakes Initiative Clearinghouse.
(4) Teratology and other data that have been peer-reviewed may provide information for criteria development.
§ 16.33. Nonthreshold effects (cancer).
(a) A nonthreshold effect is defined as an adverse impact, including cancer, for which no exposure greater than zero assures protection to the exposed individual. Thus, in contrast to the threshold concept discussed in § 16.32 (relating to threshold level toxic effects), the nonthreshold approach to toxics control is based upon the premise that there is no safe concentration of the toxic.
(b) The Department has determined that the regulation of carcinogens from a water quality perspective in accordance with the procedure specified in the following subsections will adequately and reasonably protect human health.
(c) The Department accepts the evaluation and extrapolation modeling used by the EPA to quantitate the carcinogenic risk of particular chemicals. Cancer risk level criteria are, therefore, adaptations of the EPA's cancer potency (slope) factors. Criteria based on cancer risk levels are average lifetime exposure values.
(d) The Department's water quality toxics management program controls carcinogens to an overall risk management level of one excess case of cancer in a population of one million (1 x 10-6). Expressing this another way, the probability of an individual getting cancer from an ambient water exposure to a carcinogen is increased by a factor of one in one million. This level appears to be protective of human health to a significant degree when compared to other risks encountered in life.
(e) The Department uses a 1 x 10-6 cancer risk level as specified in § 93.8a(d) (relating to water quality criteria for toxic substances). Attainment of this risk level is predicated on exposure that includes drinking 2 liters of water and ingesting 17.5 grams of fish per day over a 70-year lifetime, except as provided in § 16.61(b)(2) (relating to special criteria for the Great Lakes Systems). Bioaccumulation of carcinogenic toxics in edible portions of fish are accounted for by use of bioaccumulation factors (BAFs).
(f) The Department will use the following guidelines in establishing criteria for nonthreshold toxics:
(1) The determination as to whether a substance is a carcinogen will be its identification by the EPA.
(2) For toxics for which (cancer potency) slope factors have been developed as evidenced by listing on IRIS the Department will either use the EPA developed criteria or will develop criteria based upon these potency factors using the Methodology for Deriving Ambient Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Human Health (EPA-822-B-00-004, October 2000) and the National Recommended Water Quality Criteria (EPA-822-H-04-001, 2004), as amended and updated or EPA's Standard Toxicological Procedures outlined in Exhibit 3-2 of the Water Quality Standards Handbook, Second Edition, EPA 823-0-94-005A, August, 1994, as amended and updated.
(3) For carcinogens or suspected carcinogens for which cancer potency (slope) factors have not been developed, the Department will use an additional margin of safety (factor of 10) with threshold toxicity data to develop a protective health criterion.
CRITERIA MODIFICATION § 16.41. Changes and additions.
The criteria in Chapter 93, Table 5 and site-specific criteria in Appendix A, Table 1A for toxic substances are based on the best scientific information currently available. These criteria may, however, be added to or modified if the Department determines upon evaluation of new scientific findings and information that a change is warranted. Submittal of data and information will be considered by the Department for this purpose. Site-specific criteria development will be performed in accordance with § 93.8d (relating to development of site-specific water quality criteria). Changes and additions to the tables will be published in the Pennsylvania Bulletin.
WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR TOXIC SUBSTANCES § 16.51. Human health and aquatic life criteria.
(a) Appendix A, Table 1A and Chapter 93, Table 5 list the human health and aquatic life criteria for toxic substances which the Department uses in development of effluent limitations in NPDES Permits and for other purposes. Appendix A, Table 1A lists site-specific human health and aquatic life criteria that have been developed or reviewed and approved by the Department. The human health criteria, which include exposures from drinking water and fish consumption, are further defined as to the specific effect (that is, cancer or threshold health effects). For those aquatic life criteria which are hardness related and specified as a formula, such as several of the heavy metals, the Department will use the specific hardness of the receiving stream after mixing with the waste discharge in calculating criteria on a case-by-case basis. The priority pollutant numbers (PP NO) used by the EPA to identify priority pollutants are included in Table 1A for reference purposes. Some of these criteria may be superseded for the Delaware Estuary, Ohio River Basin, Lake Erie Basin, and Genesee River Basin under interstate and international compact agreements with the Delaware River Basin Commission, Ohio River Valley Sanitation Commission and International Joint Commission respectively. The toxics substances in Chapter 93, Table 5 without a PP NO are state-derived criteria. The criteria in Appendix A, Table 1A and Chapter 93, Table 5 do not apply to the Great Lakes System. Water quality criteria for the Great Lakes System are contained in § 93.8e, Tables 6 and 7 (relating to special criteria for the Great Lakes System). Criteria may be developed for the Great Lakes System for substances other than those listed in Table 6 under the methodologies in § 16.61 (relating to special provisions for the Great Lake System).
(b) If the Department determines that the natural quality of a surface water segment is of lower quality than the applicable criteria listed in Chapter 93, Table 5, the natural quality shall constitute the aquatic life criterion for that segment. All draft natural quality determinations shall be published in the Pennsylvania Bulletin and be subject to a minimum 30 day comment period. The Department will maintain a publicly available list of surface waters and parameters where this subsection applies, and will, from time to time, submit appropriate amendments to these chapters.
GREAT LAKES SYSTEM § 16.61. Special provisions for the Great Lakes System.
(a) Definitions. The following words and terms, when used in this section, have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:
BAF--Bioaccumulation Factor--The ratio in liters per kilogram of a substance's concentration in tissues of an aquatic organism to its concentration in the ambient water, when both the organism and its food are exposed and the ratio does not change substantially over time.
BCC--Bioaccumulative Chemical of Concern--A chemical that has the potential to cause adverse effects which, upon entering the surface waters, by itself or its toxic transformation product, accumulates in aquatic organisms by a human health BAF greater than 1,000, after considering metabolism and other physiochemical properties that might enhance or inhibit bioaccumulation, under the methodology in 40 CFR Part 132 Appendix B (relating to Great Lakes Water Quality Initiative). Current BCCs are listed in 40 CFR 132.6, Table 6 (relating to pollutants of initial focus in the Great Lakes Water Quality Initiative).
Great Lakes System--The streams, rivers, lakes and other bodies of surface water within the drainage basin of the Great Lakes in this Commonwealth.
(b) Water quality criteria for the Great Lakes System.
(1) Aquatic life criteria. Aquatic life criteria for toxic substances in the Great Lakes System will be developed under the methodologies in § 16.22 (relating to criteria development) to the extent they are consistent with 40 CFR Part 132, Appendix A (relating to Great Lakes Water Quality Initiative methodologies for developments of aquatic life values). If there are insufficient data to develop aquatic life criteria for a toxic substance identified in a discharge into these waters, the Department will develop or require a discharger to develop, subject to Department approval, protective aquatic life values using the methodologies in 40 CFR Part 132, Appendix A and guidance issued by the Department. For non-BCCs, WETT may be used in lieu of Tier II values to determine aquatic toxicity.
(2) Human health criteria. Human health criteria for the Great Lakes System will be developed using the methods in §§ 16.32 and 16.33 (relating to threshold level toxic effects; and nonthreshold effects (cancer)), except that fish consumption is 15 grams per day. If there are insufficient data to develop human health threshold criteria for a toxic substance identified in a discharge into these waters, the Department will develop, or require the discharger to develop, subject to Department approval, protective human health values using the methodologies in 40 CFR Part 132, Appendix C, Section III, as it relates to Tier II values, and guidance issued by the Department.
(3) BAFs. Human health criteria for BCCs will be developed under the methodologies in 40 CFR Part 132, Appendix B relating to bioaccumulation factors, and will be listed by the EPA in the GLI Clearinghouse. Because substances other than BCCs (Non-BCCs) bioaccumulate to a much lesser degree, BAFs for Non-BCCs are similar to bioconcentration factors (BCFs). Field measured BAFs, or BAFs equal to BCFs will be used for the development of non-BCC criteria in the Great Lakes.
(4) Additional requirements. Additivity of toxic effects for chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and chlorinated dibenzofurans will be accounted for under 40 CFR Part 132, Appendix F, Procedure 4 (relating to Great Lakes Water Quality Initiative implementation procedures).
(c) Minimum protections. The Department will follow guidance that is as protective as the final water quality guidance for the Great Lakes System at 40 FR 15366 (March 23, 1995), as updated and amended.
Subchapter B. ANALYTICAL METHODS AND DETECTION LIMITS FOR TOXIC SUBSTANCES
GENERAL PROVISIONS § 16.101. Introduction.
(a) This subchapter contains information on the final EPA guidelines establishing test procedures for the analysis of priority pollutants under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, known as the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C.A. §§ 1251--1376). The procedures of analysis for the organic compounds are contained in 40 CFR 136 (relating to guidelines establishing test procedures). Procedures for inorganic substances are cited in this source, but details are found elsewhere. Analytical procedures for free cyanide are approved by the Department and are contained in Appendix A, Table 2A.
(b) This information provides the expected levels of analytical detectability for toxic priority pollutants. It is intended as a basis for review of NPDES application forms, and for establishing appropriate detection limits and methods of analysis to accompany final effluent limitations in permits.
(c) The Department recommends that clean techniques be employed as appropriate in collecting, handling, storing, preparing and analyzing samples. Clean techniques refer to methods that reduce contamination and enable the accurate and precise measurement of substances, and to related issues concerning detection limits, quality control and quality assurance. Clean techniques are those requirements or practices for sample collection and handling necessary to produce reliable analytical data to at least the microgram per liter (µg/l) or part per billion (ppb) range, or lower as required by the analytical method. The use of clean techniques reduces the incidence of overstatement of environmental concentrations of trace substances.
APPENDIX A
TABLE 1 [Reserved]
TABLE 1A
SITE-SPECIFIC WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR TOXIC SUBSTANCES The following table contains water quality criteria that were developed based on a need for a site-specific water quality criterion, and according to the guidelines for criteria development, as contained in this chapter. The sources the Department of Environmental Protection (Department) uses to obtain relevant risk assessment values for these criteria include, but is not limited to, United States Environmental Protection Agency agency-wide supported data systems such as Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) and ECOTOX; the Great Lakes' Tier II acquatic life criteria guidelines; and other nationally developed criteria as reviewed and approved by the Department for Statewide use. A criterion placed in this table will remain a site-specific criterion as originally developed and be incorporated into the appropriate portion of §§ 93.9a--93.9z that relates to ''exceptions to specific criteria'' unless, during rulemaking, it is determined that the same criteria has general Statewide applicability.
Fish and Acquatic Life Criteria PP
NOChemical
NameCAS
NumberCriteria
Continuous Concentrations
(ug/l)Criteria
Maximum Concentration
(ug/l)Human Health Criteria (ug/l) Health
EffectDrainage
ListWater
Body/County- 1,4 Dioxane 123911 103000 515000 3.0 CRL F West Branch Perkiomen Creek, Berks County - Acrylamide 79061 N/A N/A .008 CRL S Stump Creek, Henderson Township, Jefferson County Acronyms and Footnotes to Table 1A CAS--Chemical Abstract Service number
CRL--Cancer risk level at 1 × 10-6
H--Threshold effect human health criterion; incorporates additional uncertainty factor for some Group C carcinogens.
1n [H]--Natural Logarithm of the Hardness of stream as mg/l CaCO3
ug/L--Micrograms per liter
N/A--Criterion not developed
PP NO--Priority Pollutant Number
TABLE 2A
APPROVED EPA ANALYTICAL METHODS AND DETECTION LIMITS: INORGANICS
Parameter
(CAS)Method Number
(Description)
*SourceDetection Limit
(µ/l)-- ALUMINUM
3111 D (AA, flame) NA (07429905) 3113 B (AA, furnace) 3 200.7 (ICP/AES) 20 200.8 (ICP/MS) 1 200.9 (STGFAA) 7.8 3500 Al B*1 (Colorimetric) 6 D4190-94*4 (DCP) NA 1M ANTIMONY
3111 B (AA, flame) 70 (07440360) 3113 B (AA, furnace) 3 200.7 (ICP) 32 200.8 (ICP/MS) 0.4 200.9 (STGFAA) 0.8 2M ARSENIC
3113 B (AA, furnace) 1 (07440382) 3114 B. d (AA, hydride) NA 3500 B (SDDC) 2 200.7 (ICP/AES) 8 200.8 (ICP/MS 1.4 200.9 (STGFAA) 0.5 -- BARIUM
3111 D (AA, flame) NA (14798084) 3113 B (AA, furnace) 2 200.7 (ICP/AES) 1 200.8 ICP/MS 1.4 --*3 (DCP) NA 3M BERYLLIUM
3111 D (AA, flame) NA 3113 B (AA, furnace) 0.2 200.7 (ICP/AES) 0.3 200.8 (ICP/MS) 0.3 200.9 (STGFAA) .02 3500-Be D*1 (Colorimetric) 5 D4190-94, 99*4 (DCP) NA -- BORON
4500 B B (Colorimetric) 0.2 (07440428) 200.7 (ICP/AES) 3 D4190-94, 99*4 (DCP) NA 4M CADMIUM
(07440439)3111 B OR C (AA, flame) 3 3113 B (AA, furnace) 0.1 200.7 (ICP/AES) 1 200.8 (ICP/MS) 0.5 200.9 (STGFAA) .05 3500-Cd D*1 (Colorimetric) 0.5 D3557-95, 02(C)*4 (Voltametry) NA D4190-94, 99*4 (DCP) NA 5M CHROMIUM
3111 B (AA, flame) 20 TOTAL 3113 B (AA, furnace) 2 (07440473) 3111 C (AA, extraction) N/A 200.7 (ICP/AES) 4 200.8 (ICP/MS) 0.9 200.9 (STGFAA) 0.1 D4190-94, 99*4 (DCP) NA 3500-Cr B*1 (Colorimetric) NA 5M CHROMIUM 3111 C (AA extraction) NA VI
3120*1 (ICP) 7 (07440473) 218.6 (Ion Chromatography) NA -- COBALT
3111 B (AA, flame) 30 (07440484) 3113 B (AA, furnace) 1 200.7 (ICP/AES) 2 200.8 (ICP/MS) .09 200.9 (STGFAA) 0.7 D4190-94, 99*4 (DCP) NA 6M COPPER
3111 B (AA, flame) 10 (07440508) 3113 B (AA, furnace) 1 200.7 (ICP/AES) 3 200.8 (ICP/MS) 0.5 200.9 (STGFAA) 0.7 3500-Cu B*1 (Colorimetric) 3 3500-Cu C*1 (Colorimetric) 20 D4190-94, 99*4 (DCP) NA -- IRON
3111 B or C (AA, flame) 20 (07439921) 3113 B (AA, furnace) 1 200.7 (ICP/AES) 30 200.9 (STGFAA) NA 3500-Fe B*1 (Colorimetric) 10 D4190-94, 99*4 (DCP) NA 7M LEAD
3111 B or C (AA, flame) 50 (07439921) 3113 B (AA, furnace) 1 200.7 (ICP/AES) 10 200.8 (ICP/MS) 0.6 200.9 (STFGAA) 0.7 3500-Pb B*1 (Colorimetric) NA D3559-96, 03(C)*4 (Voltametry) NA D4190-94, 99*4 (DCP) NA -- MAGNESIUM
3111 B (AA, flame) 0.5 (07439954) 200.7 (ICP/AES) 20 3500-Mg D*1 (Gravimetric) NA --*3 (DCP) NA -- MANGANESE
3111 B (AA, flame) 10 (07439965) 3113 B (AA, furnace) 0.2 200.7 (ICP/AES) 1 200.8 (ICP/MS) 0.1 200.9 (STGFAA) 0.3 3500-Mn B*1 (Colorimetric) 6 8034-*2 (Colorimetric) NA D4190-94, 99*4 (DCP36) NA 8M MERCURY
245.1 (Cold vapor, Man) 0.2 (07439976) 245.2 (Cold vapor, Auto) 0.2 245.7 (CVAFS) NA 1631 E (Purge and Trap CVAFS) 0.0002 -- MOLYBDENUM
3111 D (AA, flame) NA (07439987) 3113 B (AA, furnace) 1 200.7 (ICP/AES) 4 200.8 (ICP/MS) 0.3 9M NICKEL
(07440020)3111 B or C
(AA, flame)20 3113 B (AA, furnace) 1 200.7 (ICP/AES) 5 200.8 (ICP/MS) 0.5 200.9 (STGFAA) 0.6 3500-Ni D*1 (Colorimetric) NA D4190-94, 99*4 (DCP) NA 10M SELENIUM
3113 B (AA, furnace) 2 (07782492) 200.7 (ICP/AES) 20 200.8 (ICP/MS) 7.9 200.9 (STGFAA) 0.6 3114B*1 (AA, gaseous hydride) 2 11M SILVER
3111 B or C (AA, flame) 10 (07440224) 3113 B (AA, furnace) 0.2 200.7 (ICP/AES) 2 200.8 (ICP/MS) 0.1 200.9 (STGFAA) 0.6 --*3 (DCP) NA 12M THALLIUM
3111 B (AA, flame) NA (07440280) 279.2 (AA, furnace) 1 200.7 (ICP/AES) 1 200.8 (ICP/MS) 0.3 200.9 (STGFAA) 0.7 -- TIN
3111 B (AA, flame) 800 (07440315) 3113 B (AA, furnace) 5 200.7 (ICP/AES) 7 200.9 (STGFAA) 1.7 -- TITANIUM
3111 D (AA, flame) 400 (07440326) 283.2 (AA, furnace) 10 --*3 (DCP) NA 13M ZINC
200.7 (ICP/AES) 2 (07440666) 3500-Zn E*1 (Colorimetric) 1 3500-Zn B*1 (Colorimetric) 20 289.2 (AA furnace) .05 200.8 (ICP/MS) 1.8 D4190-94, 99*4 (DCP) NA 14M CYANIDE,
TOTAL
(00057125)4500-CN D*1 (Titrimetric) 1000 4500-CN E
(Spectrophometric)20 335.4 (Color., Auto) 5 **
14MCYANIDE, FREE
(00057125)--(DEP Free CN method, Auto)
Not EPA approved1 4500-CN I*1
Not EPA approvedNA 335.1 (Amenable to Chlor.) NA PHENOLS 420.1 (4AAP, Manual) 5 TOTAL 420.4 (4AAP, Auto) 2 * Not an EPA developed method, but approved by EPA
Source is:1 --Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th Edition. APHA-AWWA-WEF, 1998. The approved methods may also be found in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th or 19th Editions, but with different identifying numbers. For Selenium, the method number quoted is from the 19th Edition.
2 --Hach Handbook of Wastewater Analysis. 1979.
3 --Direct Current Plasma (DCP) Optical Emission Spectrometric Method for Trace Elemental Analysis of Water and Wastes, Method AES0029. Applied Research Laboratories, Inc., 1986--Revised 1991.
4 --ASTM Annual Book of Standards, Section 11, Water. American Society for Testing and Materials, 1999.
** EPA currently measures ''total cyanide'' to satisfy cyanide limits and has not yet approved analytical methods for ''free cyanide.'' Free cyanide is a DEP required analysis, and either of the three listed methods are acceptable for its determination.
NOTE: Metal samples are to be unfiltered and predigested for measurement of the total recoverable (not dissolved) fraction. Samples for dissolved measurement are to be field filtered.
TABLE 2B
APPROVED EPA ANALYTICAL METHODS AND DETECTION LIMITS: ORGANICS
Parameter
(CAS)Method Number
(Description) *SourceDetection
Limit
(MDL)
(µ/l)1A 2-CHLOROPHENOL
(00095578)604--GC/FID
604--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)0.31
0.58
3.3
102A 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOL
(00120832)604--GC/FID
604--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)0.39
0.68
2.7
103A 2,4-DIMETHYLPHENOL
(00105679)604--GC/FID
604--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)0.32
0.63
2.7
104A 4,6-DINITRO-o-CRESOL
(00534521)604--GC/FID
604--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)16.0
NA
24
205A 2,4-DINITROPHENOL
(00051285)604--GC/FID
604--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)13.0
NA
42
506A 2-NITROPHENOL
(00088755)604--GC/FID
604--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)0.45
0.77
3.6
207A 4-NITROPHENOL
(00100027)604--GC/FID
604--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
2.8
0.70
2.4
50
8A
p-CHLORO-m-CRESOL
(00059507)
604--GC/FID
604--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.36
1.8
3.0
109A
PENTACHLOROPHENOL
(00087865)
604--GC/FID
604--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
7.4
0.59
3.6
5010A
PHENOL
(00108952)
604--GC/FID
604--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.14
2.2
1.5
1011A
2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENOL
(00088062)
604--GC/FID
604--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.64
0.58
2.7
10
1V ACROLEIN(1)
(00107028)
603--GC/FID
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.7
NA
50
2V
ACRYLONITRILE(1)
(00107131)
603--GC/FID
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.5
NA
503V
BENZENE
(00071432)
602--GC/PID
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.20
4.4
10
5V
BROMOFORM
(00075252)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.20
4.7
10
6V
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
(00056235)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.12
2.8
10
7V
CHLOROBENZENE
(00108907)
601--GC/Hal.
602--GC/PID
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.25
0.20
6.0
108V
CHLORODIBROMOMETHANE
(00124481)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.09
3.1
109V
CHLOROETHANE
(00075003)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.52
NA
50
10V
2-CHLOROETHYL VINYL ETHER
(00110758)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.13
NA
10
11V CHLOROFORM
(00067663)601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)0.05
1.6
10
12V DICHLOROBROMOMETHANE
(00075274)601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)0.10
2.2
10
14V 1,1-DICHLOROETHANE
(00075343)601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.07
4.7
1015V
1,2-DICHLOROETHANE
(00107062)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.03
2.8
1016V
1,1-DICHLOROETHYLENE
(00075354)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.13
2.8
10
17V
1,2-DICHLOROPROPANE
(00078875)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.04
6.0
10
18V 1,3-DICHLOROPROPYLENE
(00542756)
(cis--10061-01-5)
(trans--10061-02-6)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)0.34-cis
0.20-trans
5.0-cis
10-trans
19V
ETHYLBENZENE
(00100414)
602--GC/PID
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.20
7.2
10
20V
METHYL BROMIDE
(00074839)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
1.18
NA
5021V
METHYL CHLORIDE
(00074873)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.08
NA
50
22V
METHYLENE CHLORIDE
(00075092)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.25
2.8
1023V
1,1,2,2-TETRACHLOROETHANE
(00079345)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.03
6.9
10
24V
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
(00127184)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.03
4.1
10
25V
TOLUENE
(00108883)
602--GC/PID
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.20
6.0
1026V
1,2-trans-DICHLOROETHYLENE
(00156605)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.10
1.6
1027V
1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE
(00071556)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.03
3.8
10
28V
1,1,2-TRICHLOROETHANE
(00079005)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.02
5.0
10
29V
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
(00079016)
601--GC/Hal.
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.12
1.9
10
31V
VINYL CHLORIDE
(00075014)
601--GC/Hal
624--GC/MS
1624B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.18
NA
101B
ACENAPHTHENE
(00083329)
610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
1.8
1.9
102B
ACENAPHTHYLENE
(00208968)
610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
2.3
3.5
10
3B
ANTHRACENE
(00120127)
610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
0.66
1.9
104B BENZIDINE(2)
(00092875)625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)44
50
5B
BENZO(a)ANTHRACENE
(00056553)
610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
0.013
7.8
106B
BENZO(a)PYRENE
(00050328)
610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
0.023
2.5
10
7B
3,4-BENZOFLUORANTHENE
(00205992)
610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
0.018
4.8
10
8B
BENZO(ghi)PERYLENE
(00191242)
610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
0.076
4.1
20
9B
BENZO(k)FLUORANTHENE
(00207089)
610--GC/FID
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
0.017
2.5
1010B
BIS(2-CHLOROETHOXY) METHANE
(00111911)
611--GC/Hal.
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.5
5.3
1011B
BIS(2-CHLOROETHYL) ETHER
(00111444)
611--GC/Hal.
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.3
5.7
10
12B
BIS(2-CHLOROISOPROPYL) ETHER
(39638329)
611--GC/Hal.
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.8
5.7
1013B
BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE
(00117817)
606--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
2.0
2.5
1014B
4-BROMOPHENYL PHENYL ETHER
(00101553)
611--GC/Hal.
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
2.3
1.9
1015B
BUTYLBENZYL PHTHALATE
(00085687)
606--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.34
2.5
10
16B
2-CHLORONAPHTHALENE
(00091587)
612--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.94
1.9
10
17B
4-CHLOROPHENYL PHENYL ETHER
(07005723)
611--GC/Hal.
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
3.9
4.2
10
18B CHRYSENE
(00218019)610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
0.15
2.5
10
19B DIBENZO(a,h) ANTHRACENE
(00053703)610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)NA
0.030
2.5
2020B 1,2-DICHLOROBENZENE
(00095501)601--GC/Hal.
602--GC/PID
624--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.15
0.40
NA
10
21B 1,3-DICHLOROBENZENE
(00541731)601--GC/Hal.
602--GC/PID
624--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.32
0.40
NA
10
22B 1,4-DICHLOROBENZENE
(00106467)601--GC/Hal.
602--GC/PID
624--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.24
0.30
NA
10
23B
3,3'-DICHLOROBENZIDINE(2)
(00091941)
605--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.13
16.5
5024B
DIETHYL PHTHALATE
(00084662)
606--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.49
1.9
10
25B
DIMETHYL PHTHALATE
(00131113)
606--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.29
1.6
1026B
DI-N-BUTYL PHTHALATE
(00084742)
606--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.36
2.5
1027B
2,4-DINITROTOLUENE
(00121142)
609--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.02
5.7
1028B
2,6-DINITROTOLUENE
(00606202)
609--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.01
1.9
1029B
DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE
(00117840)
606--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
3.0
2.5
1030B
1,2-DIPHENYLHYDRAZINE
(00122667)
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
10
2031B
FLUORANTHENE
(00206440)
610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
0.21
2.2
10
32B
FLUORENE
(00086737)
610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
0.21
1.9
10
33B
HEXACHLOROBENZENE
(00118741)
612--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.05
1.9
10
34B
HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE
(00087683)
612--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.34
0.9
10
35B
HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTA-
DIENE(3)
(00077474)
612--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.40
NA
1036B
HEXACHLOROETHANE
(00067721)
612--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.03
1.6
10
37B
INDEN0(1,2,3-cd)PYRENE
(00193395)
610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
0.043
3.7
2038B
ISOPHORONE
(00078591)
609--GC/FID
609--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)5.7
15.7
2.2
1039B
NAPHTHALENE
(00091203)
610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
1.8
1.6
1040B
NITROBENZENE
(00098953)
609--GC/FID
609--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
3.6
13.7
1.9
1041B
N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE(4)
(00062759)
607--GC/N-PD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.15
NA
50
42B
N-NITROSODI-N-PROPYLAMINE
(00621647)
607--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.46
NA
2043B
N-NITROSODI-PHENYLAMINE(4)
(00086306)
607--GC/N-PD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.81
1.9
2044B PHENANTHRENE
(00085018)
610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
0.64
5.4
10
45B
PYRENE
(00129000)
610--GC/FID
610--HPLC
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
NA
0.27
1.9
10
46B
1,2,4-TRICHLORO-BENZENE
(00120821)
612--GC/ECD
625--GC/MS
1625B--GC/MS(isotope)
0.05
1.9
101P ALDRIN
(00309002)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.004
1.92P alpha-BHC(5)
(00319846)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.003
NA3P beta-BHC
(00319857)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.006
4.2
4P gamma-BHC(5)
(LINDANE)
(00058899)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.004
NA
5P delta-BHC
(00319868)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.009
3.16P CHLORDANE
(00057749)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.014
NA
7P 4,4'-DDT
(00050293)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.012
4.78P 4,4'-DDE
(00072559)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.004
5.69P 4,4'-DDD
(00072548)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.011
2.810P DIELDRIN
(00060571)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.002
2.511P alpha-ENDOSULFAN(5)
(00095988)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.014
NA12P beta-ENDOSULFAN(5)
(33212659)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.004
NA13P ENDOSULFAN
SULFATE
(01031078)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.066
5.6
14P ENDRIN(5)
(00072208)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.006
NA15P ENDRIN ALDEHYDE
(07421934)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.023
NA16P HEPTACHLOR
(00076448)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.003
1.917P HEPTACHLOR
EPOXIDE
(01024573)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.083
2.218P PCB-1242
(53469219)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.065
NA19P PCB-1254
(11097691)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MSNA
3620P PCB-1221
(11104282)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MSNA
3021P PCB-1232
(11141165)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MSNA
NA22P PCB-1248
(12672296)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MSNA
NA23P PCB-1260
(11096825)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MSNA
NA
24P PCB-1016
(12674112)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MSNA
NA25P TOXAPHENE
(08001352)608 - GC/ECD
625 - GC/MS0.24
NAPP 2,3,7,8-TCDD
(01746016)613 - GC/MS 0.002
NA = Not available.
(1)--If acrolein and/or acrylonitrile is expected, use method 603 as screening method.
(2)--EPA says ''When Benzidine is known to be present, screen with EPA 605.'' However, because HPLC is a generally unavailable procedure at this time, GC-MS enhanced to achieve a detection level more sensitive than the EPA's MDL can be used. Permit monitoring requirements for these two chemicals can also be set using EPA 625 as an acceptable analytical procedure.
(3)--When Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is known to be present, screen with EPA 612.
(4)--When N-Nitrosodimethylamine and/or N-Nitrosodiphenylamine are known to be present, screen with EPA 607.
(5)--When alpha-BHC, gamma-BHC (Lindane) alpha-Endosulfan (I), beta-Endosulfan (II) and/or Endrin are known to be present, screen with EPA 608.
TABLE 3
DESCRIPTION OF EPA METHODS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF PRIORITY POLLUTANT ORGANICS
EPA
Method
NumberDescription of Method Types of
Compounds Analyzed601 Gas chromatography (GC) using purge and trap system
with halide specific detector (HAL).29 Purgeable Halocarbons
(Volatile fraction)602 Gas chromatography using purge and trap system photoronization detector (PED). Purgeable aromatics
(4 Volatiles
3 base/neutrals)603 Gas chromatography using purge and trap system with
flame ionization detector (FID).Acrolein
Acrylonitrile604 Gas chromatography preceded by extraction, using a flame ionization detector. Acid extractable fraction
(10 phenols)605 High performance liquid chomatography (HPLC) preceded by acid-back extraction with electrochemical detector. Benzidine
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine606 Gas chromatography preceded by extraction using a flame ionizator or electron capture detector (ECD). 6 Phthalate esters 607 Gas chromatography preceded by extraction using a nitrogenphosphorous detector. N-Nitrosodimethylamine
N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
608
Gas chromatography preceded by extraction and measured
with a electron capture detector.Pesticide fraction, including PCBs
(25 cmpds)609 Gas chromatography preceded by extraction using a flame ionization or electron capture detector. 2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Isophorone
Nitrobenzene610 Extraction followed by separation by a) gas chromatography with flame ionization detector, or b) high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (UV) or fluorescence detector. 16 Polynuclear aromatic
hydrocarbons611 Gas chromatography preceded by extraction using a halide specific detector. 5 Haloethers 612 Gas chromatography preceded by extraction using an electron capture detector. 9 chlorinated
hydrocarbons613 Gas chromatography preceded by extraction and measured
with a mass spectometer (MS)2,3,7,8-TCDD 624 Gas chromatography, using purge and trap system, detected with a mass spectrometer. Purgeable (volatile) fraction 625 Gas chromatography, preceded by separation via acid and
basic extraction, detected with a mass spectrometer.Acid and base/neutral fractions 1624 Volatile organic compounds by isotope dilution GC/MS. Purgeable (volatile) fraction 1625B Semivolatile organic compounds by isotope dilution GC/MS. Acid and base/neutral fractions
[Pa.B. Doc. No. 09-917. Filed for public inspection May 15, 2009, 9:00 a.m.]
[39 Pa.B. 2559]
[Saturday, May 16, 2009]
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