§ 121.1. Definitions.
The definitions in section 3 of the act (35 P.S. § 4003) apply to this article. In addition, the following words and terms, when used in this article, have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:
ABS welding adhesive or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene welding adhesive— An adhesive intended by the manufacturer to weld acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) pipe, which is made by reacting monomers of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene.
Ablative coating—A coating that chars when exposed to open flame or extreme temperatures, as would occur during the failure of an engine casing or during aerodynamic heating. The ablative char surface serves as an insulating barrier, protecting adjacent components from the heat or open flame.
Account—The place in the NOx allowance tracking system where allowances are recorded including allowances held by a NOx affected source.
Account number—The identification number given by the NOx budget administrator to an account in which NOx allowances are held in the NOx allowance tracking system.
Acquiring account—The party in a NOx allowance transfer who obtains NOx allowances through purchase, trade, auction, gift or another lawful means.
Act—The Air Pollution Control Act (35 P. S. § § 4001—4015).
Actual emissions—For purposes of Chapter 127, Subchapter E (relating to new source review), the actual rate of emissions of a regulated NSR pollutant from an emissions unit shall be determined in accordance with the following subparagraphs. This definition does not apply for calculating whether a significant emissions increase has occurred, or for establishing a PAL under § 127.218 (relating to PALs). Instead, the definition of the terms ‘‘projected actual emissions’’ and ‘‘baseline actual emissions’’ apply for those purposes. This definition may not be used to calculate a baseline emissions rate under § 127.207(4) (relating to creditable emissions decrease or ERC generation and creation).(i) Actual emissions as of a particular date must equal the average rate, in TPY, at which the unit actually emitted the regulated NSR pollutant during the consecutive 24-month period which immediately preceded the particular date and which is representative of normal source operations. The Department will authorize the use of a different time period upon a determination that it is more representative of normal source operation. Actual emissions shall be calculated using the unit’s actual operating hours, production rates and types of materials processed, stored or combusted during the selected time period.
(ii) For an emissions unit that has not begun normal operations on the particular date, actual emissions equal the potential to emit of the unit on that date.
Actual PAL for a major facility—A PAL based on the baseline actual emissions of all emissions units at a major facility that emit or have the potential to emit the PAL pollutant.
Adhesion promoter—A very thin coating applied to an aerospace vehicle or component substrate to promote wetting and to form a chemical bond with the subsequently applied material.
Adhesive—(i) A chemical substance that is applied for the purpose of bonding two surfaces together other than by mechanical means.
(ii) The term does not include coatings or finishing materials.
Adhesive bonding primer—A primer applied in a thin film to aerospace components for the purpose of corrosion inhibition and increased adhesive bond strength by attachment. There are two categories of adhesive bonding primers:(i) Primers with a design cure at 250°F or below.
(ii) Primers with a design cure above 250°F.
Adhesive primer—(i) A product intended by the manufacturer for application to a substrate, prior to the application of an adhesive, to provide a bonding surface.
(ii) For purposes of § 129.73 (relating to aerospace manufacturing and rework), a coating applied to an aerospace vehicle or component that does one of the following:
(A) Inhibits corrosion and serves as a primer when applied to bare metal or other surfaces prior to adhesive application.
(B) Is applied to surfaces that can be expected to contain fuel, with the exception of fuel tanks.
Aerosol adhesive—An adhesive packaged as an aerosol product in which the spray mechanism is permanently housed in a nonrefillable can designed for handheld application without the need for ancillary hoses or spray equipment.
Aerosol coating—A coating expelled from a hand-held pressurized, nonrefillable container in a finely divided spray when a valve on the container is depressed.
Aerospace coating operation—An operation using a spray booth, tank or other enclosure of an area, such as a hangar for applying a single type of coating—for example, primer. Using the same spray booth for applying another type of coating—for example, a topcoat—constitutes a separate coating operation for which compliance determinations are performed separately.
Aerospace coating unit—A series of one or more coating applicators and any associated drying area or oven wherein a coating is applied, dried and cured. A coating unit ends at the point where the coating is dried or cured, or prior to a subsequent application of a different coating. It is not necessary to have an associated oven or flashoff area to be included in this definition.
Aerospace primer—The first layer and subsequent layers of identically formulated coating applied to the surface of an aerosapce vehicle or component. Primers are typically used for corrosion prevention, protection from the environment, functional fluid resistance or adhesion of subsequent coatings. The term does not include primers that are defined as specialty coatings.
Aerospace surface preparation—The removal of contaminants from the surface of an aerospace vehicle or component or the activation or reactivation of the surface in preparation for the application of a coating.
Aerospace topcoat—A coating that is applied over a primer on an aerospace vehicle or component for appearance, identification, camouflage or protection. The term does not include topcoats that are defined as specialty coatings.
Aerospace touch-up and repair operation—(i) That portion of the coating operation that is the incidental application of coating used to cover minor imperfections in the coating finish or to achieve complete coverage.
(ii) The term includes out-of-sequence or out-of-cycle coating.
Aerospace vehicle or component—(i) For purposes of § 129.73, a fabricated part, processed part, assembly of parts or completed unit, with the exception of electronic components, of an aircraft including airplanes, helicopters, missiles, rockets and space vehicles.
(ii) For purposes of § 129.77 (relating to control of emissions from the use or application of adhesives, sealants, primers and solvents) and Chapter 130, Subchapter D (relating to adhesives, sealants, primers and solvents), the fabricated part, assembly of parts or completed unit of an aircraft, helicopter, missile or space vehicle, including passenger safety equipment.
Agency—An official body of a political subdivision of the Commonwealth having the authority or duty to enforce local ordinances or resolutions relating to the prevention and control of air pollution.
Air basin—A geographic area of this Commonwealth as delimited in this section.
Air cleaning device—An article, chemical, machine, equipment or other contrivance, the use of which may eliminate, reduce or control the emission of air contaminants into the atmosphere.
Air contamination source—Any place, facility or equipment, stationary or mobile, at, from or by reason of which there is emitted into the outdoor atmosphere any air contaminant.
Aircraft fluid systems—Systems that handle hydraulic fluids, fuel, cooling fluids or oils.
Aircraft transparency—An aircraft windshield, canopy, passenger window, lense or another component that is constructed of transparent materials.
Air dried coating—Coatings which are dried by the use of air or forced warm air at temperatures up to 194°F.
Air flask specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52 (relating to surface coating processes), Table I, category 12, a special composition coating that is:(i) Applied to interior surfaces of high-pressure breathing air flasks to provide corrosion resistance.
(ii) Certified as safe for use with breathing air supplies.
Airless cleaning system—A solvent cleaning machine that is automatically operated and seals at a differential pressure of 0.50 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) or less, prior to the introduction of solvent or solvent vapor into the cleaning chamber and maintains differential pressure under vacuum during all cleaning and drying cycles.
Airless spray—A spray coating method in which the coating is atomized by forcing it through a small nozzle opening at high pressure. The coating is not mixed with air before exiting from the nozzle opening.
Air oxidation reactor—For purposes of § 129.71a (relating to control of VOC emissions from the synthetic organic chemical manufacturing industry—air oxidation, distillation and reactor processes):(i) A device or process vessel in which one or more organic reactants are combined with air, or a combination of air and oxygen, to produce one or more organic compounds.
(ii) The term includes ammoxidation and oxychlorination reactions.
Air pollution—The presence in the outdoor atmosphere of any form of contaminant, including, but not limited to, the discharging from stacks, chimneys, openings, buildings, structures, open fires, vehicles, processes or any other source of any smoke, soot, fly ash, dust, cinders, dirt, noxious or obnoxious acids, fumes, oxides, gases, vapors, odors, toxic, hazardous or radioactive substances, waste or other matter in a place, manner or concentration inimical or which may be inimical to public health, safety or welfare or which is or may be injurious to human, plant or animal life or to property or which unreasonably interferes with the comfortable enjoyment of life or property.
Air quality control region—An air quality control region designated as such by the Administrator of the EPA under the Clean Air Act and which includes any part of this Commonwealth.
Airtight cleaning system—A solvent cleaning machine that is automatically operated and seals at a differential pressure no greater than 0.50 psig, prior to the introduction of solvent or solvent vapor into the cleaning chamber and during all cleaning and drying cycles.
Alcohol—A chemical compound consisting of the hydroxyl (OH) group attached to an alkyl radical and having the general formula CnH2n+1OH, such as ethanol, n-propanol and isopropyl alcohol.
Alcohol substitute—Nonalcohol additives that contain VOCs and are used in the fountain solution including ethylene glycol and glycol ethers. Some additives are used to reduce the surface tension of water and others are added to prevent piling (ink build up).
Allegheny County air basin—Allegheny County.
Allentown, Bethlehem, Easton air basin—The following political subdivisions in Lehigh County: City of Allentown, City of Bethlehem, Catasauqua Borough, Coplay Borough, Emmaus Borough, Fountain Hill Borough, Hanover Township, Salisbury Township, South Whitehall Township and Whitehall Township, and the following political subdivisions in Northampton County: Allen Township, Bath Borough, City of Bethlehem, Bethlehem Township, East Allen Township, City of Easton, Freemansburg Borough, Glendon Borough, Hanover Township, Hellertown Borough, Lower Nazareth Township, Lower Saucon Township, Nazareth Borough, North Catasauqua Borough, Northampton Borough, Palmer Township, Stockertown Borough, Tatamy Borough, Upper Nazareth Township, West Easton Borough and Wilson Borough.
Allowable emissions—The emissions rate of a facility calculated using the maximum rated capacity of the facility unless the facility is subject to Federally enforceable limits which restrict the operating rate, or hours of operation, or both, and the most stringent of the following:(i) The applicable standards in 40 CFR Part 60 or 61 (relating to standards of performance for new stationary sources; and National emission standards for hazardous air pollutants).
(ii) An applicable SIP emissions limitation, including those with a future compliance date.
(iii) The emissions rate specified under a requirement or condition in a plan approval or operating permit that is Federally enforceable or enforceable as a practical matter, including those with a future compliance date.
(iv) For purposes of the PAL requirements in § 127.218, the allowable emissions shall be calculated considering the emission limitations that are enforceable as a practical matter on the emissions unit’s potential to emit.
Alternative method—A method of sampling and analyzing for an air pollutant that is not a reference or equivalent method but has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Administrator of the EPA to, in specific cases, produce results adequate for a determination of compliance.
Ambient air quality standards—Concentrations of air contaminants in the ambient air, as provided for in Chapter 131 (relating to ambient air quality standards).
Antenna specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a coating applied to equipment through which electromagnetic signals must pass for reception or transmission.
Antichafe coating—A coating applied to areas of moving aerospace components that may rub during normal operations or installation.
Antifoulant specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a coating that is:(i) Applied to the underwater portion of a vessel to prevent or reduce the attachment of biological organisms.
(ii) Registered with the EPA as a pesticide under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (7 U.S.C.A. § § 136—136y).
Antique aerospace vehicle or component—An antique aircraft, as defined by 14 CFR Part 45 (relating to identification and registration marking), or components thereof. An antique aerospace vehicle would not routinely be in commercial or military service in the capacity for which it was designed.
Antique motor vehicle—A motor vehicle, but not a reproduction thereof, manufactured more than 25 years prior to the current year which has been maintained in or restored to a condition which is substantially in conformance with manufacturer specifications.
Applicability determination—The process of determining which new source review requirements, including netting, apply to a modification to a facility.
Applicable requirements—Requirements which apply to any source at a Title V facility including the following:(i) Those that have been promulgated or approved by the EPA under the Clean Air Act or the regulations adopted under the Clean Air Act through rulemaking at the time of issuance but have future-effective compliance dates.
(ii) A standard provided for in the Commonwealth’s SIP approved by the EPA under Title I of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § § 7401—7508) that implements the relevant requirements of the Clean Air Act, including revisions to that plan.
(iii) A term or condition of preconstruction permits issued under regulations approved or promulgated through rulemaking under Title I, including Part C or D, of the Clean Air Act.
(iv) A standard or other requirement under section 111 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7411), including subsection (d).
(v) A standard or other requirement under section 112 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7412), including a requirement concerning accident prevention under subsection (r)(7).
(vi) A standard or other requirement of the acid rain program under Title IV of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § § 7641—7651o) or the regulations thereunder.
(vii) Requirements established under section 504(b) or section 114(a)(3) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7414(a)(3)).
(viii) A standard or other requirement governing solid waste incineration, under section 129 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7429).
(ix) A standard or other requirement for consumer and commercial products, under section 183(e) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7511b(e)).
(x) A standard or other requirement for tank vessels, under section 183(f) of the Clean Air Act.
(xi) A standard or other requirement of the program to control air pollution from outer continental shelf sources, under section 328 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7627).
(xii) A standard or other requirement of the regulations promulgated to protect stratospheric ozone under Title VI of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § § 7671—7671q), unless the Administrator of the EPA has determined that the requirements need not be contained in a Title V permit.
(xiii) A National ambient air quality standard or increment or visibility requirement under Title I, Part C of the Clean Air Act, but only as it would apply to temporary sources permitted under section 504(e) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7661d).
(xiv) A requirement enforceable by the Administrator of the EPA and by citizens under the act that limits emissions for purposes of creating offset credits or for complying with or avoiding applicability of applicable requirements.
Aqueous cleaning solvent—A solvent in which water is at least 80% by weight of the solvent. Aqueous cleaning solvents solutions have a flash point greater than 93°C (200°F) (as reported by the manufacturer) and the solution is miscible with water.
Architectural sealant or primer—(i) A sealant or sealant primer intended by the manufacturer to be applied to stationary architectural structures, including mobile homes, and their appurtenances.
(ii) Appurtenances to a stationary architectural structure include hand railings, cabinets, bathroom and kitchen fixtures, fences, rain gutters and downspouts, and windows.
As applied—(i) The VOC and solids content of a coating, adhesive, sealant, adhesive primer, sealant primer, surface preparation solvent or cleanup solvent that is actually used to coat the substrate.
(ii) The term includes the contribution of materials used for in-house dilution of the coating.
(iii) For purposes of § § 129.67a and 129.67b (relating to control of VOC emissions from flexible packaging printing presses; and control of VOC emissions from offset lithographic printing presses and letterpress printing presses), the VOC concentration of an ink, coating, adhesive, fountain solution or cleaning solution at the time it is actually used on a printing press.
As supplied—(i) The VOC and solids content of a coating, adhesive, sealant, adhesive primer, sealant primer, surface preparation solvent or cleanup solvent as sold and delivered to the end user.
(ii) For purposes of § § 129.67a and 129.67b, the VOC concentration of an ink, coating, adhesive, fountain solution or cleaning solution that is purchased for use on a printing press.
Automobiles—Passenger cars capable of seating 12 or fewer passengers and major components of these cars, including, but not limited to, chassis, frames, doors and engines.
Automotive elastomeric coating—A coating designed for application over surfaces of flexible mobile equipment and mobile equipment components, such as elastomeric bumpers.
Automotive glass adhesive primer—An adhesive primer labeled by the manufacturer to be applied to automotive glass prior to installation of the glass using an adhesive or sealant. This primer improves the adhesion to pinch weld and blocks ultraviolet light.
Automotive impact-resistant coating—A coating designed to resist chipping caused by road debris.
Automotive jambing clearcoat—A fast-drying, ready-to-spray clearcoat applied to surfaces such as door jambs and trunk and hood edges to allow for quick closure.
Automotive lacquer—A thermoplastic coating applied directly to bare metal surfaces of mobile equipment and mobile equipment components which dries primarily by solvent evaporation, and which is resoluble in its original solvent.
Automotive low-gloss coating—A coating which exhibits a gloss reading less than or equal to 25 on a 60° glossmeter.
Automotive multicolored topcoat—A topcoat that exhibits more than one color, is packaged in a single container, and camouflages surface defects on areas of heavy use, such as cargo beds and other surfaces of trucks and other utility vehicles.
Automotive pretreatment—A primer that contains a minimum of 0.5% acid, by weight, that is applied directly to bare metal surfaces of mobile equipment and mobile equipment components to provide corrosion resistance and to promote adhesion of subsequent coatings.
Automotive primer-sealer—A coating applied to mobile equipment and mobile equipment components prior to the application of a topcoat for the purpose of providing corrosion resistance, promoting the following:(i) Adhesion of subsequent coatings.
(ii) Color uniformity.
(iii) The ability of the undercoat to resist penetration by the topcoat.
Automotive primer-surfacer—A coating applied to mobile equipment and mobile equipment components prior to the application of topcoat for the purpose of:(i) Filling surface imperfections in the substrate.
(ii) Providing corrosion resistance.
(iii) Promoting adhesion of subsequent coatings.
Automotive specialty coating—Coatings, including, but not limited to, elastomeric coatings, adhesion promoters, low gloss coatings, bright metal trim repair coatings, automotive jambing clearcoats, impact resistant coatings, rubberized asphaltic underbody coatings, uniform finish blenders, weld-through primers applied to automotive surfaces and lacquer topcoats applied to a classic motor vehicle or to an antique motor vehicle.
Automotive topcoat—A coating or series of coatings applied over an automotive primer-surfacer, automotive primer-sealer or existing finish on the surface of mobile equipment and mobile equipment components for the purpose of protection or beautification.
Automotive touch up repair—The application of automotive topcoat finish materials to cover minor finishing imperfections equal to or less than 1 inch in diameter.
BACT—Best available control technology—An emissions limitation (including a visible emissions standard) based on the maximum degree of reduction for each regulated NSR pollutant which would be emitted from any proposed major facility or major modification which the Department, on a case-by-case basis, taking into account energy, environmental and economic impacts and other costs, determines is achievable for the facility or modification through application of production processes or available methods, systems and techniques, including fuel cleaning or treatment or innovative fuel combustion techniques for control of the pollutant. The application of BACT may not result in emissions of a pollutant which would exceed the emissions allowed by any applicable standard under 40 CFR Part 60 or 61. If the Department determines that technological or economic limitations on the application of measurement methodology to a particular emissions unit would make the imposition of an emissions standard infeasible, a design, equipment, work practice, operational standard, or combination thereof, may be prescribed instead to satisfy the requirement for the application of BACT. The standard must, to the degree possible, set forth the emissions reduction achievable by implementation of the design, equipment, work practice or operation, and provide for compliance by means which achieve equivalent results.
Basecoat—A coat of colored material, usually opaque, that is ordinarily applied before graining inks, glazing coats or other opaque coatings and is usually covered with an application of topcoat for protection.—
Baseline actual emissions—The rate of emissions, in tpy, of a regulated NSR pollutant, as determined in accordance with § 127.203a(a)(4) (relating to applicability determination).
Batch—(i) For purposes of § 129.67b, a supply of fountain solution or cleaning solution that is prepared and used without alteration until completely used or removed from the printing process.
(ii) The term includes:
(A) A supply of fountain solution or cleaning solution prepared in a discrete amount.
(B) A supply of fountain solution that is continuously blended with an auto mix unit.
(C) A supply of cleaning solution that is blended and delivered to a press by use of an automatic blanket or roller wash system.
Batch vapor cleaning machine—(i) A vapor cleaning machine in which individual parts or a set of parts move through the entire cleaning cycle before new parts are introduced into the cleaning machine.
(ii) The term includes solvent cleaning machines, such as ferris wheel cleaners or cross rod machines, that clean multiple loads simultaneously and are manually loaded.
(iii) The term does not include machines which do not have a solvent/air interface, such as airless and airtight cleaning systems.
Bead dipping—The dipping of an assembled tire bead into a solvent based cement.
Begin actual construction—Initiation of physical onsite construction activities on an emissions unit or a facility which are of a permanent nature. These activities include installation of building supports and foundations, laying of underground pipe work and construction of permanent storage structures. With respect to a change in method of operating, the term refers to those onsite activities other than preparatory activities which mark the initiation of the change.
Best available technology—Equipment, devices, methods or techniques as determined by the Department which will prevent, reduce or control emissions of air contaminants to the maximum degree possible and which are available or may be made available.
Bitumens—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, black or brown materials that consist mainly of hydrocarbons and are soluble in carbon disulfide.
Bituminous resin specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12:(i) A coating that incorporates bitumens as a principal component and is formulated primarily to be applied to a substrate or surface to resist ultraviolet radiation or water, or both.
(ii) The term is included in the specialty coating category ‘‘repair and maintenance of thermoplastic coating of commercial vessels.’’
Blender—A person who owns, leases, operates, controls or supervises an oxygenate blending facility.
Blown glass—Glassware shaped by blowing air into a molten glass gather.
Bonding maskant—A temporary coating used to protect selected areas of aerospace parts from strong acid or alkaline solutions during processing for bonding.
Bottom filling—The filling of a tank truck or stationary storage tank through an opening which is flush with or directly adjacent to the tank bottom.
Btu—British thermal unit—The amount of thermal energy necessary to raise the temperature of 1 pound of pure liquid water by 1° F at the temperature at which water has its greatest density (39° F).
Bulk gasoline plant—A gasoline storage and distribution facility with a daily throughput of less than 20,000 gallons (76,000 liters).
Bulk gasoline terminal—A gasoline storage and distribution facility which has a daily throughput of 20,000 gallons (76,000 liters) or more of gasoline.
CARB—California Air Resources Board—The board established and empowered to regulate sources of air pollution in California, including motor vehicles, under California Health & Safety Code Section 39003.
CARB Executive Order—A document issued by CARB certifying one of the following, unless otherwise specified:(i) That a specified engine family or model year vehicle has met applicable Title 13 CCR requirements for certification and sale in California.
(ii) That a specified Phase I vapor recovery system or component of a Phase I vapor recovery system meets applicable requirements for certification and sale in California.
(iii) That a specified type of non-vapor recovery equipment, such as a low permeation hose, is certified for use at a gasoline dispensing facility that does not have a Stage II vapor recovery system.
CARC—chemical agent resistant coating—An exterior topcoat applied to aerospace vehicles or components designed to withstand exposure to chemical warfare agents or the decontaminants used on these agents.
CCR—California Code of Regulations.
CEMS—Continuous emissions monitoring system—All of the equipment that may be required to meet the data acquisition and availability requirements established under the act or the Clean Air Act to monitor, measure, calculate, sample, condition, analyze and provide a record of emissions from an affected unit on a continuous basis.
CERMS—Continuous emissions rate monitoring system—For purposes of Chapter 127, Subchapter E, the total equipment required for the determination and recording of the pollutant mass emissions rate, in terms of mass per unit of time.
CMSA—Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area.
CO—Carbon monoxide.
CO2—Carbon dioxide.
CPDS—Certified Product Data Sheet—(i) For purposes of wood furniture manufacturing operations under § § 129.101—129.107 (relating to wood furniture manufacturing operations), documentation furnished by a coating supplier or an outside laboratory for a coating, strippable spray booth coating or solvent that provides the VOC content as pounds of VOC per pound of coating solids calculated from data measured using the EPA Reference Method 24 or an equivalent or alternative method. Batch formulation data may be used if it is demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Administrator of the EPA that the coating does not release additional VOC as reaction byproducts during the cure. The VOC content stated should represent the maximum VOC emission potential of the coating, strippable spray booth coating or solvent.
(ii) For purposes of printing operations under § 129.67b, documentation furnished by an ink supplier or an outside laboratory for an ink, fountain solution, cleaning solution or solvent that provides the VOC content calculated from data measured using the EPA Reference Method 24 or an equivalent or alternative method approved by the Department. The VOC content stated should represent the maximum VOC emission potential of the ink, fountain solution, cleaning solution or solvent.
CPMS—continuous parameter monitoring system—The equipment necessary to meet the data acquisition and availability requirements to monitor process and control device operational parameters (for example, control device secondary voltages and electric currents), and other information (for example, gas flow rate, O2 or CO2 concentrations), and to record average operational parameter values on a continuous basis.
CPVC—Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride.
CPVC plastic or chlorinated polyvinyl chloride plastic—A polymer of the vinyl chloride monomer that contains 67% chlorine and is normally identified with a CPVC marking.
CPVC welding adhesive or chlorinated polyvinyl chloride welding adhesive—An adhesive labeled for welding of CPVC plastic.
Can coating—Exterior coating and interior spray coating in two-piece can lines; interior and exterior coating in sheet coating lines for three-piece cans; side-seam spray coating and interior spray coating in can-fabricating lines for three-piece cans; and sealing compound application and sheet coating in end coating lines.
Carbon adsorber—A bed of activated carbon into which an air/solvent gas-vapor stream is routed and which absorbs the solvent on the carbon.
Car pool—Two or more persons commuting to a worksite on a regular basis in a vehicle with a capacity of less than seven seating positions.
Carrier—A distributor who does not take title to or otherwise have ownership of the commercial fuel oil or gasoline, and does not alter either the quality or quantity of the commercial fuel oil or gasoline.
Ceramic tile installation adhesive—An adhesive intended by the manufacturer for use in the installation of ceramic tiles.
Charging—The operation by which coal is introduced into a coke oven.
Charging port—An opening on the oven through which coal is or may be introduced into a coke oven whether or not the opening is regularly used for that purpose, including a jumper pipe port.
Chemical milling maskant—A coating that is applied directly to aluminum aerospace vehicles or components to protect surface areas when chemically milling the component with a Type II etchant. The term does not include maskants used with Type I etchants, bonding maskants, line sealers and critical use and seal coat maskants. Additionally, maskants that must be used on an individual part or subassembly with a combination of Type II etchants and any of these types of maskants—for example, Type I compatible, bonding, line sealers and critical use and seal coat.
Class II hardboard paneling finish—A finish that meets the specifications of Voluntary Product Standard PS-59-73 as approved by the American National Standards Institute.
Classic motor vehicle—A motor vehicle, but not a reproduction thereof, manufactured at least 15 years prior to the current year which has been maintained in or restored to a condition which is substantially in conformity with manufacturer specifications and appearance.
Clean Air Act—The Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § § 7401—7642), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Clean Vehicles Program—A low-emissions vehicle program established under section 177 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7507) which implements the low emission standards for new motor vehicles and motor vehicle engines adopted by California under a waiver obtained from the Administrator of the EPA under section 209(b) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7543(b)).
Clean wood—The term includes the following:(i) Wood that contains no paint, stains or other types of coatings.
(ii) Wood that has not been treated with preservatives or chemicals, including copper, chromium arsenate, creosote and pentachlorophenol.
Cleaning operation—Spray-gun, hand-wipe and flush cleaning operations.
Cleaning solution—A liquid solvent or solution used to remove ink, including dried ink, and debris from the operating surfaces of a printing press and its parts. The term includes a blanket wash, impression cylinder wash, roller wash, metering roller cleaner, plate cleaner, rubber rejuvenator and other cleaners used for cleaning a press or press parts or to remove dried ink or coating from areas around the press.
Cleaning solvent—A liquid material used for hand-wipe, spray gun or flush cleaning. The term includes solutions that contain VOCs.
Cleanup solvent—A VOC-containing material used for either of the following:(i) To remove a loosely held, uncured (that is, not dry to the touch) adhesive or sealant from a substrate.
(ii) To clean equipment used in applying a material.
Clear coat—A coating which lacks opacity or which is transparent and uses the undercoat as a reflectant base or undertone color, except for extreme performance coatings.
Closed charging—The introduction of coal into a coke oven without exposing or opening the receiving coke oven to the atmosphere during charging.
Closed charging emissions—An air contaminant emitted during closed charging from equipment through or by which coal is transported from storage or preheat hoppers and from a point on the receiving oven, including, but not limited to, a transport pipe, duct, fitting, valve or charging port or offtake piping.
Closed-cycle depainting system—A dust free, automated process that removes a permanent coating in small sections at a time and maintains a continuous vacuum around the area being depainted to capture emissions.
Coal tar—A dark thick liquid that forms as a byproduct of the process of producing coke from coal.
Coal tar epoxy coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a black surface protection polymer that is a blend of various epoxy resins and coal tar used on surfaces subjected to extremely corrosive environments.
Coating—(i) For purposes of wood furniture manufacturing operations under § § 129.101—129.107, a protective, decorative or functional material applied in a thin layer to a surface.
(A) The term includes paints, topcoats, clear coats, varnishes, sealers, stains, washcoats, basecoats, inks and temporary protective coatings.
(B) The term does not include adhesives.
(ii) For purposes of paper, film and foil surface coating under § 129.52b (relating to control of VOC emissions from paper, film and foil surface coating processes), a material applied onto or impregnated into a substrate for decorative, protective or functional purposes.
(A) The term includes solvent-borne coatings, waterborne coatings, adhesives, wax coatings, wax laminations, extrusion coatings, extrusion laminations, 100% solid adhesives, UV-cured coatings, electron beam-cured coatings, hot melt coatings and cold seal coatings.
(B) The term does not include materials used to form unsupported substrates, such as calendaring of vinyl, blown film, cast film, extruded film and co-extruded film.
(iii) For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a material that is applied in a thin layer to a substrate and which cures to form a continuous solid film.
Coating line—The equipment and activities of the manufacturing process used to apply coatings onto or into a substrate.
Coating solids or solids—For purposes of wood furniture manufacturing under § § 129.101—129.107, the part of the coating which remains after the coating is dried or cured. Solids content is determined using data from the EPA Reference Method 24 or an alternative method approved by the Administrator of the EPA.
Coil coating—The coating of a continuous flat metal sheet or strip.
Coke oven—The chamber into which coal is introduced for coking, including, but not limited to, the doors, jambs, refractory floor, walls and ceiling, charging ports and charging port covers—that is, lids—and the offtake piping, damper and other ducts or piping associated therewith.
Coke oven battery—A process consisting of a jointly operated group of slot-type coke ovens, the operation of which results in the destructive distillation of coal by the indirect application of heat to separate the gaseous and liquid distillates from the carbon residue and includes coal preparation, coal charging, coking, separation and cleaning of the distillate, coke pushing, hot coke transfer and coke quenching. A coke oven battery is a single source for the purpose of this article and shall include, but not be limited to, the following, when present: the ovens; coal preheaters; underfiring systems; waste heat stack; offtake piping; flues; closed charging systems; door hoods; and operating equipment including larry cars, jumper pipes, pusher machines, door machines, mud trucks and quench cars associated with the operation of a battery. Existing batteries are identified as follows:
Identifying Operator Plant Symbol Bethlehem Steel Bethlehem ‘‘2A’’ (includes batteries #2 and #3), ‘‘A’’ Erie Coke Corporation Erie #1 Koppers Industries Monessen #1B, #2 (operated as one battery for purposes of meeting the charging standard)
Coke oven gas collector main—The pipes or ducts by which the gaseous byproducts of coking are transported from the offtake piping of coke ovens to the byproduct plant.
Coke oven topside—The top of the coke oven, including, but not limited to, the charging ports; charging port covers—that is, lids; refractory ceiling; flue caps; and offtake piping associated with an oven.
Cold cleaning degreaser—A batch-loaded device using nonboiling organic solvent to clean or degrease metal parts.
Cold cleaning machine—(i) A device or piece of equipment, containing or using nonboiling liquid which contains greater than 5% VOC or hazardous air pollutant (HAP) by weight, into which parts are placed to remove dirt, grease or oil from the surfaces of the parts or to dry the parts.
(ii) The term does not include machines which do not have a solvent/air interface, such as airless and airtight cleaning systems.
Cold shutdown—A cold repair or replacement of damaged or worn refractory parts of a glass melting furnace while the furnace does not contain molten glass.
Cold weather time period—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a time during which the ambient temperature is below 4.5°C (40°F) and coating is to be applied.
Combustion efficiency—A measure of the extent of a combustion reaction, abbreviated C. E. and computed as follows:[CO2]
C. E. =
x 100%
[CO2] + [CO]
where: [CO2] = concentration of carbon dioxide and [CO] = concentration of carbon monoxide
Combustion source—For purposes of § § 129.111—129.115 (relating to additional RACT requirements for major sources of NOx and VOCs for the 2015 ozone NAAQS):(i) A stationary device that combusts solid, liquid or gaseous fuel used to produce heat or energy for industrial, commercial or institutional use by direct heat transfer.
(ii) The term does not include:
(A) Brick kilns.
(B) Cement kilns.
(C) Lime kilns.
(D) Glass melting furnaces.
(E) A source listed in § 129.112(g)(2) or (3) (relating to presumptive RACT requirements, RACT emission limitations and petition for alternative compliance schedule).
(F) A source subject to § 129.112(g)(4).
Combustion unit—A stationary equipment used to burn fuel primarily for the purpose of producing power or heat by indirect heat transfer.
Commence—As applied to the construction, modification or installation of an air contamination source or facility the owner or operator has the necessary approvals including plan approvals or permits and has either:(i) Begun, or caused to begin, a continuous program of actual onsite construction of the facility, to be completed within a reasonable time.
(ii) Entered into binding agreements or contractual obligations, which cannot be canceled or modified without substantial loss to the owner or operator, to undertake a program of actual construction of the source to be completed within a reasonable time.
Commercial exterior aerodynamic structure primer—An aerospace vehicle or component primer used on aerodynamic components and structures that protrude from the fuselage, such as wings and attached components, control surfaces, horizontal stabilizers, vertical fins, wing-to-body fairings, antennae and landing gear and doors, for the purpose of extended corrosion protection and enhanced adhesion.
Commercial fuel oil—A fuel oil specifically produced, manufactured for sale and intended for use in a combustion unit. A mixture of commercial fuel oil with noncommercial fuel when greater than 50% of the heat content is derived from the commercial fuel oil portion is considered a commercial fuel oil.
Commercial interior adhesive—Materials used in the bonding of passenger cabin interior components which meet the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) fireworthiness requirements.
Compatible epoxy primer—An aerospace vehicle or component primer that is compatible with the filled elastomeric coating and is epoxy based. The compatible substrate primer is an epoxy-polyamide primer used to promote adhesion of elastomeric coatings such as impact-resistant coatings.
Compatible substrate primer—Either compatible epoxy primer or adhesive primer applied to aerospace vehicles or components.
Compliance account—The place in the NOx allowance tracking system where allowances are recorded and held by a NOx affected source.
Compliance docket—The list of violations or lack of intention or ability to comply maintained by the Department which identifies sources and facilities for which plan approvals and operating permits cannot be issued based on noncompliance with the act and the regulations adopted under the act.
Compliance review form—The form completed by the applicant periodically or as part of the plan approval application or operating permit application in which an applicant submits information about its compliance status and that of related parties including information which is presently unknown to the Department.
Compliant coating—A coating that meets the applicable emission limits specified in Chapter 129 (relating to standards for sources).
Compliant fuel—Low RVP gasoline.
Computer diskette jacket manufacturing adhesive—An adhesive intended by the manufacturer to glue the fold-over flaps to the body of a vinyl computer diskette jacket.
Condensable particulate matter—Material that is vapor phase at stack conditions but which condenses or reacts, or both, upon cooling and dilution in the ambient air to form solid or liquid particulate matter immediately after dis-charge from the stack. All condensable particulate matter, if present from a source, is typically in the PM2.5 size fraction and therefore all of it is a component of both PM2.5 and PM-10.
Confined space—A space that is the following:(i) Large enough and so configured that an employee can enter and perform assigned work.
(ii) Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit—for example, fuel tanks, fuel vessels and other spaces that have limited means of entry.
(iii) Not suitable for continuous employee occupancy.
Construction—To physically initiate assemblage, installation, erection or fabrication of an air contamination source or an air pollution control device, including building supports and foundations and other support functions.
Contact bond adhesive—(i) An adhesive that meets all of the following:
(A) Is designed for application to both surfaces to be bonded together.
(B) Is allowed to dry before the two surfaces are placed in contact with each other.
(C) Forms an immediate bond that is impossible, or difficult, to reposition after both adhesive-coated surfaces are placed in contact with each other.
(D) Does not need sustained pressure or clamping of surfaces after the adhesive-coated surfaces have been brought together using sufficient momentary pressure to establish full contact between both surfaces.
(ii) The term does not include the following:
(A) Rubber cements that are primarily intended for use on paper substrates.
(B) Vulcanizing fluids that are designed and labeled for tire repair only.
Container glass—Glass manufactured by pressing, blowing in molds, drawing, rolling or casting which is used as a container.
Container of coating—The bucket, pot, can or other holder from which the coating is applied.
Continuous coater—A surface coating process that continuously applies coatings onto parts moving along a conveyor. Coatings that are not transferred to the part are recycled to a reservoir. Several types of application methods can be used with a continuous coater including spraying, curtain coating, roller coating, dip coating and flow coating.
Control area—A geographic area in which only gasoline under the oxygenated gasoline program may be sold or dispensed, with boundaries determined by section 211(m) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7545(m)). The term includes the counties of Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery and Philadelphia.
Control period—The period from November 1 to February 29 or other period approved by the Administrator of the EPA and published in the Federal Regis-ter, during which oxygenated gasoline is required to be sold and dispensed in a control area, under section 211(m)(2) of the Clean Air Act.
Conventional air spray—A spray coating application method in which the coating is atomized by mixing it with compressed air and applied at an air pressure greater than 10 pounds per square inch (gauge) at the point of atomization. The term does not include:(i) Airless and air assisted airless spray technologies.
(ii) Electrostatic spray technology.
Conveyorized degreaser—A continuously-loaded device containing either boiling or nonboiling solvents used to clean metal parts or used in production of electronic circuit boards.
Corrosion prevention system—A coating system applied to aerospace vehicles or components that provides corrosion protection by displacing water and penetrating mating surfaces, forming a protective barrier between the metal surface and moisture. Coatings containing oils or waxes are excluded from this category.
Cosmetic specialty coatings—Materials including padding stains, shading stains, sap stains, spatter stains, fillers, waxes and inks applied to enhance wood finishes.
Cove base—A flooring trim unit, generally made of vinyl or rubber, having a concave radius on one edge and a convex radius on the opposite edge that is used in forming a junction between the bottom wall course and the floor or to form an inside corner.
Cove base installation adhesive—An adhesive intended by the manufacturer to be used for the installation of cove base or wall base on a wall or vertical surface at floor level.
Creation—The process of generating usable and tradable ERCs to be used to offset emissions. This process includes the following elements:(i) Application.
(ii) Documentation.
(iii) Quantification.
(iv) Verification.
(v) Entry into the registry.
Creditable emissions decrease—Emission changes at an existing major facility as determined in accordance with § 127.203a(a)(3).
Critical use and line sealer maskant—(i) A temporary coating applied to aerospace vehicles or components, not covered under other maskant categories, used to protect selected areas of aerospace parts from strong acid or alkaline solutions such as those used in anodizing, plating, chemical milling and processing of magnesium, titanium or high strength steel, high precision aluminum chemical milling of deep cuts and aluminum chemical milling of complex shapes.
(ii) The term includes materials used for repairs or to bridge gaps left by scribing operations—that is, a line sealer.
Cryogenic flexible primer—A primer applied to aerospace vehicles or components designed to provide corrosion resistance, flexibility and adhesion of subsequent coating systems when exposed to loads up to and surpassing the yield point of the substrate at cryogenic temperatures (-275°F and below).
Cryoprotective coating—A coating applied to aerospace vehicles or components that:(i) Insulates cryogenic or subcooled surfaces to limit propellant boil-off.
(ii) Maintains structural integrity of metallic structures during ascent or reentry.
(iii) Prevents ice formation.
Cure volatile—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12:(i) A reaction product which is emitted during the chemical reaction which takes place in some coating films at the cure temperature.
(ii) The reaction product emissions are other than those from the solvents in the coating and may, in some cases, comprise a significant portion of total VOC or HAP emissions, or both.
Curtain coating—The application of a coating to an object by moving the object through a falling curtain of coating.
Cutback asphalt—Asphalt cement which has been liquefied by blending with petroleum solvents—diluents—which, upon application, evaporate to the atmosphere. The term does not include an emulsified asphalt paving compound which contains less than 12% of solvent—diluent—by volume.
Cyanoacrylate adhesive—(i) For purposes of § 129.77 and Chapter 130, Subchapter D, an adhesive with a cyanoacrylate content of at least 95% by weight.
(ii) A fast-setting, single component adhesive that cures at room temperature.
(iii) The term is also known as ‘‘super glue.’’
Daily—The discrete 24-hour period from 12 p.m. to the next 12 p.m.
Deactivation—Cessation of the emissions of an air pollutant from air contamination source, emissions unit or facility.
Dealer—A person who is engaged in the sale or distribution of new motor vehicles or new motor vehicles to the ultimate purchaser as defined in section 216(4) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7550(4)).
Decommission—To permanently disconnect a Stage II vapor recovery system that is in active service by following procedures under § 129.82a (relating to requirements to decommission a Stage II vapor recovery system).
Decorative interior panel—Interior wall paneling that is usually grooved, frequently embossed and sometimes grain printed to resemble various wood species. Interior panels are typically manufactured at the same facilities as tileboard, although in much smaller quantities. The substrate can be hardboard, plywood, MDF or particleboard.
De minimis emissions increase—For purposes of Chapter 127, Subchapter E, an increase in emissions calculated in accordance with § 127.203a(a)(1)(i) which is less than the emissions rate that is significant as defined in this section.
Deviation—An activity that occurred at a source owned or operated in this Commonwealth by the applicant, permittee or related party within the 5 years prior to the date of submission of the compliance review form but not prior to July 9, 1992, that has not been formally documented by the Department or another authorized enforcement or regulatory agency in this Commonwealth which exceeds applicable emission limits or otherwise did not conform to the act, regulations promulgated thereunder, plan approvals, permits or orders of the Department. The identification of a deviation on a compliance review form does not constitute a waiver of a defense to liability under the law for the activity disclosed. The term includes, but is not limited to, the following:(i) Unauthorized, accidental or emergency releases of air pollutants.
(ii) Malfunctions of equipment, the maintenance of which is necessary to meet plan approval requirements or emission limitations.
(iii) Instances of exceeding permit terms or conditions or regulatory requirements found during routine plant maintenance, whether or not the Department is aware of the situation.
(iv) Instances of exceeding permit terms or conditions or regulatory requirements recorded by continuous monitoring equipment.
(v) Other departures from the requirements of the act, regulations adopted under the act, terms or conditions of operating permits or plan approvals and Department orders by the applicant or a related party.
Diluent—A diluting agent added to decrease the viscosity of a material.
Dip coating—The application of a coating by immersing an object into the coating.
Dispersion technique—An attempt to affect the concentration of a pollutant in the ambient air by methods contained in 40 CFR 51.100(gg)—(kk) (relating to definitions).
Distillation operation—For purposes of § 129.71a:(i) A process that separates one or more feed streams into two or more exit streams, with each exit stream having component concentrations different from those in the feed streams.
(ii) The separation is achieved by the redistribution of the components between the liquid phase and vapor phase as they approach equilibrium within the distillation unit.
Distributor—(i) A person who transports, stores or causes the transportation or storage of gasoline at any point between a refinery, blending facility or terminal and a retail outlet or wholesale purchaser-consumer’s facility.
(ii) For purposes of § 123.22 (relating to combustion units), a person who transports, stores or causes the transportation or storage of commercial fuel oil at any point between a refinery, blending facility or terminal and a retail outlet, wholesale purchaser-consumer’s facility or ultimate consumer.
(iii) The term includes a refinery, a blending facility or a terminal.
Documented conduct—An activity that occurred at a source owned or operated in this Commonwealth by the applicant, permittee or a related party within 5 years prior to the date of submission of the compliance review form but not prior to July 9, 1992, identified by the Department as a violation of the act, the regulations, a plan approval, permit or Department order issued under the act. The term includes, but is not limited to, activities which are described in or the subject of the following:(i) Notices of violation issued by the Department or another authorized enforcement or regulatory agency in this Commonwealth against the applicant, permittee or a related party.
(ii) Administrative orders, civil penalties, permit suspensions or revocations and civil penalty actions issued by the Department or another authorized enforcement or regulatory agency in this Commonwealth against the applicant, permittee or a related party concerning the act, regulations adopted under the act, terms or conditions of an operating permit or plan approval, or order.
(iii) Consent decrees, consent orders and adjudications, consent orders and agreements, consent assessments, letter agreements, stipulations or other settlements between the Department or another authorized enforcement or regulatory agency in this Commonwealth against an applicant, permittee or a related party concerning the act, regulations adopted under the act, terms or conditions of an operating permit or plan approval, or an order.
(iv) Pennsylvania court proceedings related to enforcement of the act, including proceedings before the EHB, involving an applicant, permittee or a related party.
(v) Summary, misdemeanor or felony convictions, or pleas of guilty or pleas of no contest that have been entered in this Commonwealth against an applicant, permittee or a related party under the act.
(vi) A suspension, revocation or denial of reissuance of an operating permit issued to an applicant, permittee or a related party under the act.
Door area—The vertical face of a coke oven between the bench and the top of the battery and between two adjacent buckstays.
Door area emissions—An air contaminant emitted into the outdoor atmosphere from a door area, including, but not limited to, emissions from the door, chuck door, door seal, jamb or refractory.
Drum—A cylindrical metal shipping container which has a capacity between 12 and 110 gallons.
Dry cleaning facility—A facility engaged in the cleaning of fabrics in an essentially nonaqueous solvent by means of one or more washes in solvent, extraction of excess solvent by spinning and drying by tumbling in an airstream. The facility includes, but is not limited to, washers, dryers, filters and purification systems, waste disposal systems, holding tanks, pumps and attendant piping and valves.
Drywall installation—The installation of gypsum drywall to studs or solid surfaces using an adhesive formulated for that purpose.
Dwell—The holding of metal parts within the freeboard area of a solvent cleaning machine above the solvent vapor zone to allow solvent to drain from the parts or parts baskets back into the solvent cleaning machine.
Dwell time—The period of time between when a parts basket is placed in the solvent vapor zone of a batch vapor or in-line vapor cleaning machine and when solvent dripping ceases.
ERC—Emission Reduction Credit—A permanent, enforceable, quantifiable and surplus emissions reduction which can be considered as a reduction for the purpose of offsetting emissions increases.
Economic Incentive Program—A program developed by a source or the Department that is submitted to the EPA as a revision to the SIP. The program may include emissions fees or a system of marketable permits, or a system of fees on the sale or manufacture of products, the use of which contributes to ozone formation, or a combination of the foregoing or similar measures, as well as incentives and requirements to reduce vehicle emissions and vehicle miles traveled in the area, including a transportation control measure identified in section 108(f) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7408(f)). The term includes a program that may be directed toward stationary, area or mobile sources to achieve emission reduction milestones, to attain and maintain NAAQS, or to provide more flexible lower cost approaches to meeting applicable requirements.
Electric generating facility—For the purposes of NOx allowance requirements, any fossil fuel fired combustion facility of 15 MW or greater electrical generating capacity.
Electric or radiation-effect coating—(i) A coating or coating system applied to aerospace vehicles or components engineered to interact, through absorption or reflection, with specific regions of the electromagnetic energy spectrum, such as the ultraviolet, visible, infrared or microwave regions.
(ii) Uses include, but are not limited to:
(A) Lightning strike protection.
(B) Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) protection.
(C) Radar avoidance.
(iii) The term excludes coatings that have been designated ‘‘classified’’ by the Department of Defense.
Electric utility steam generating unit—For purposes of the NSR requirements in Chapter 127, Subchapter E, a steam electric generating unit that is constructed for the purpose of supplying more than one-third of its potential electric output capacity and more than 25 MW electrical output to a utility power distribution system for sale. Steam supplied to a steam distribution system for the purpose of providing steam to a steam-electric generator that would produce electrical energy for sale is also considered in determining the electrical energy output capacity of the affected facility.
Electrostatic discharge and electromagnetic interference (EMI) coating—A coating applied to space vehicles, missiles, aircraft radomes and helicopter blades to disperse static energy or reduce electromagnetic interference.
Elevated temperature skydrol resistant commercial primer—A primer, applied primarily to commercial aircraft (or commercial aircraft adapted for military use), that must withstand immersion in phosphate-ester (PE) hydraulic fluid (skydrol 500B or equivalent) at the elevated temperature of 150°F for 1,000 hours.
Emergency vehicle—A fire, police or sheriff department vehicle, ambulance, blood-delivery vehicle, hazardous material response vehicle, armed forces emergency vehicle, one vehicle operated by a coroner or chief deputy coroner or deputy chief county medical examiner used for answering emergency calls. The term includes motor vehicles under 75 Pa.C.S. § 6106 (relating to designation of emergency vehicles by Pennsylvania State Police), or a privately-owned vehicle specified in 75 Pa.C.S. § 102 (relating to definitions) which is used in answering an emergency call by any of the following:(i) A police chief and assistant chief.
(ii) A fire chief, assistant chief and, when a fire company has three or more fire vehicles, a second or third assistant chief.
(iii) A fire police captain and fire police lieutenant.
(iv) An ambulance corps commander and assistant commander.
(v) A river rescue commander and assistant commander.
(vi) A county emergency management coordinator.
(vii) A fire marshall.
(viii) A rescue service chief and assistant chief.
Emissions—Air contaminants emitted into the outdoor atmosphere.
Emissions unit—For purposes of Chapter 127, Subchapter E, a part of a facility that emits or has the potential to emit a regulated NSR pollutant including an electric utility steam generating unit as defined in this section. For the purposes of NSR requirements, there are two types of emissions units:(i) A new emissions unit, which is or will be newly constructed and which has existed for less than 2 years from the date the emissions unit first operated.
(ii) An existing emissions unit is an emissions unit that does not meet the requirements in subparagraph (i). A replacement unit, as defined in this section, is an existing emissions unit.
Enamel—A coat of colored material, usually opaque, that is applied as a protective topcoat over a basecoat, primer or previously applied enamel coat. Another coating may be applied as a topcoat over the enamel.
Engineered wood panel product—A derivative wood product that is manufactured by binding together the strands, particles, fibers or veneers of wood with adhesives, resins, other coatings or additives, or a combination of these, to form a composite material. The manufacturing process may also use heat or pressure, or both, to form the product. The product is manufactured to precise design specifications which are tested to meet National or international standards.
Epoxy coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a thermoset coating formed by reaction of a resin containing a reactive epoxide with a curing agent.
Epoxy polyamide topcoat—A coating applied to aerospace vehicles or components when harder films are required or in some areas where engraving is accomplished in camouflage colors.
Erie air basin—The following political subdivisions in Erie County: City of Erie, Harborcreek Township, Lawrence Park Township, Millcreek Township and Wesleyville Borough.
Equivalent method—A method of sampling and analyzing for an air pollutant that has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Administrator of the EPA to have a consistent and quantitatively known relationship to the reference method under specific conditions.
Exempt compound or exempt solvent—Specified organic compounds that have been designated by the Administrator of the EPA as having negligible photochemical reactivity and are listed in 40 CFR 51.100 (relating to requirements for preparation, adoption and submittal of implementation plans).
Extreme cleaning service—The use of a cold cleaning machine to clean parts used in the manufacture of the following gases or to clean parts exposed to these gases in manufacturing, production, research and development, analytical work, or other similar operations:(i) Oxygen in concentrations greater than 23%.
(ii) Ozone
(iii) Nitrous oxide.
(iv) Fluorine.
(v) Chlorine.
(vi) Bromine.
(vii) Halogenated compounds.
Exterior siding—(i) Siding made of solid wood, hardboard or waferboard. Siding made of solid wood or hardboard is typically primed at the manufacturing facility and finished in the field, although some finishing may be performed during manufacturing.
(ii) The term includes exterior trim.
Exterior trim—Material made out of siding panels and used for edges and corners around the siding. Exterior trim is typically manufactured at the same facility as exterior siding and coated with the same coatings as siding.
Extreme environmental conditions—Exposure to weather all of the time, temperature consistently above 203° F, detergents, abrasive and scouring agents, solvents, corrosive atmospheres or similar environmental conditions.
Extreme performance coatings—Coatings designed and used for harsh exposure or extreme environmental conditions.
Fabric coating—The coating of a textile substrate by a method, including, but not limited to, roll coating, knife coating, spray coating or use of a rotogravure device to impart properties that are not initially present, such as strength, stability, water- or acid-repellancy or appearance.
Facility—An air contamination source or a combination of air contamination sources located on one or more contiguous or adjacent properties and which is owned or operated by the same person under common control.
Federally enforceable—The limitations and conditions which are enforceable by the EPA, including:(i) Requirements developed under 40 CFR Parts 60 and 61.
(ii) Requirements within an applicable SIP.
(iii) Plan approval or operating permit requirements established under 40 CFR 52.21 (relating to prevention of significant deterioration of air quality) or under regulations approved under 40 CFR Part 51, Subpart I (relating to review of new sources and modifications), including plan approvals or operating permits issued under an EPA-approved program that is incorporated into the SIP and expressly requires adherence to a permit issued under the program.
Federally enforceable emissions cap—An operating permit condition or requirement limiting the total emissions of an air contaminant from an individual source at a facility or from a facility for a specified period of time including on an hourly, a daily, monthly or annual basis, established by the Department or assumed by the facility to avoid an applicable requirement to which the source would otherwise be subject. An operating permit condition or requirement includes physical or operational limitations on the capacity of a source to emit an air contaminant—including air pollution control equipment and restrictions on hours of operation or on the type or amount of material combusted, stored or processed—that has been made Federally enforceable through submission of the operating permit to the EPA as an amendment to the SIP or, if the operating permit is otherwise Federally enforceable, as a result of SIP approval by the EPA of the Department’s plan approval and operating permit program.
Fiberglass—(i) For purposes of § § 129.301—129.310 (relating to control of NOx emissions from glass melting furnaces), material consisting of fine filaments of glass that are combined into yarn and woven or spun into fabrics, or that are used as reinforcement in other materials or in masses as thermal or as acoustical insulating product.
(ii) For purposes of § § 129.77 and 130.702 (relating to control of emissions from the use or application of adhesives, sealants, primers and solvents; and emission standards), a material consisting of extremely fine glass fibers.
Filterable particulate matter—Particles directly emitted by a source as a solid or liquid at the stack, or similar release conditions, and captured on the filter of a stack test train.
Final repair coat—Liquids applied to correct imperfections or damage to the topcoat.
Fire-resistant (interior) coating—(i) For civilian aircraft, fire-resistant interior coatings are used on passenger cabin interior parts that are subject to the FAA fireworthiness requirements.
(ii) For military aircraft, fire-resistant interior coatings are used on parts that are subject to the flammability requirements of MIL-STD-1630A and MIL-A-87721.
(iii) For space applications, these coatings are used on parts that are subject to the flammability requirements of SE-R-0006 and SSP 30233.
Flat glass—Glass produced by the float, sheet, rolled or plate glass process which is used in windows, windshields, tabletops or similar products.
Flat wood paneling coating—A protective, decorative or functional material applied to a flat wood paneling product, including a decorative interior panel, exterior siding or tileboard.
Flat wood paneling product—A wood paneling product used in construction including decorative interior panels, exterior siding and tileboard (Class I hardboard).
Fleet average—For the purposes of motor vehicles subject to Pennsylvania’s Clean Vehicles Program requirements, a motor vehicle manufacturer’s average vehicle emissions of all NMOG emissions from vehicles which are produced and delivered for sale in this Commonwealth in any model year.
Flexible packaging—(i) A package or part of a package, such as a bag, pouch, liner or wrap, the shape of which can be readily changed. Flexible packaging may be made of paper, plastic, film, aluminum foil, metalized or coated paper, metalized or coated film, or other material.
(ii) The term includes a shrink-wrap label or wrapper printed on or in-line with a flexible packaging printing press.
(iii) The term does not include folding cartons or other rigid packaging or self-adhesive labels.
Flexible packaging printing press—A printing press used for the production of printed flexible packaging materials using flexographic printing or rotogravure printing, or both.
Flexible primer—A primer applied to aerospace vehicles or components that meets flexibility requirements such as those needed for adhesive bond primed fastener heads or on surfaces expected to contain fuel. The flexible coating is required because it provides a compatible, flexible substrate over bonded sheet rubber and rubber-type coatings as well as a flexible bridge between the fasteners, skin and skin-to-skin joints on outer aircraft skins. This flexible bridge allows more topcoat flexibility around fasteners and decreases the chance of the topcoat cracking around the fasteners. The result is better corrosion resistance.
Flexible vinyl—Nonrigid PVC plastic with at least 5% by weight plasticizer content.
Flexographic printing—The application of words, designs and pictures to a substrate by means of a roll printing technique in which the pattern to be applied is raised above the printing roll and the image carrier is made of rubber or other elastomeric materials.
Flight test coating—A coating applied to aircraft other than missiles or single-use aircraft prior to flight testing to protect the aircraft from corrosion and to provide required marking during flight test evaluation.
Flow coating—The application of a coating by flowing the coating over an object and completely covering the surface.
Flue—A duct, pipe, stack, chimney or conduit permitting air contaminants to be emitted into the outdoor atmosphere which is of a nature so as to permit the performance of the test methods and procedures specified in Chapter 139 (relating to sampling and testing).
Flush cleaning—(i) Removal of contaminants such as dirt, grease, oil and coatings from an aerospace vehicle or component or coating equipment by passing solvent over, into or through the item being cleaned. The solvent simply may be poured into the item being cleaned and then drained or assisted by air or hydraulic pressure or by pumping.
(ii) The term does not include hand-wipe cleaning operations where wiping, scrubbing, mopping or other hand action is used.
Fossil fuel—Natural gas, petroleum, coal or any form of solid, liquid or gaseous fuel derived from this material.
Fossil fuel fired—The combustion of fossil fuel or, if in combination with any other fuel, fossil fuel comprises 51% or greater of the annual heat input on a Btu basis.
Fountain solution—A mixture of water, volatile and nonvolatile chemicals and one or more additives that reduce the surface tension of the water so that the mixture spreads easily across the printing surface of a lithographic plate. The mixture wets the nonimage area so that the printing ink is maintained within the image area.(i) Alcohols, specifically isopropyl alcohol, and alcohol substitutes, including ethylene glycol and glycol ethers, are the most common VOC additives used.
(ii) Nonvolatile additives include mineral salts and hydrophilic gums.
Freeboard ratio—(i) For a cold cleaning machine or batch vapor cleaning machine, the distance from the liquid solvent in the idling mode to the top edge of the cleaning machine divided by the smaller dimension of the cleaning machine.
(ii) For an operating in-line vapor cleaning machine, the distance from the solvent/air interface to the bottom of the entrance or exit opening, whichever is lower, as measured during the idling mode.
Freeboard refrigeration device—A set of secondary coils mounted in the freeboard area of a solvent cleaning machine that carries a refrigerant or other chilled substance to provide a chilled air blanket above the solvent vapor. A solvent cleaning machine primary condenser which is capable of maintaining a temperature in the center of the chilled air blanket at not more than 30% of the solvent boiling point is both a primary condenser and a freeboard refrigeration device.
Fuel tank adhesive—An adhesive used to bond aerospace vehicle components exposed to fuel and which must be compatible with fuel tank coatings.
Fuel tank coating—A coating applied to aerospace vehicle fuel tank components for the purpose of corrosion or bacterial growth inhibition and to assure sealant adhesion in extreme environmental conditions.
Fugitive air contaminant—An air contaminant of the outdoor atmosphere not emitted through a flue, including, but not limited to, industrial process losses, stock pile losses, reentrained dust and construction/demolition activities.
Fugitive emissions—Emissions which could not reasonably pass through a stack, chimney, vent or other functionally equivalent opening.
GVWR—Gross Vehicle Weight Rating—The total motor vehicle weight, including load, as designated by the manufacturer of the vehicle.
Gasoline—A petroleum distillate having a Reid vapor pressure of 4 pounds per square inch (28 kilopascals) or greater and which is a liquid at standard temperature and pressure.
Gasoline dispensing facility—A stationary facility with an underground storage tank from which gasoline is transferred to motor vehicle fuel tanks.
Gasoline tank truck—Tank trucks or trailers equipped with a storage tank and used for the transport of gasoline from sources of supply to small gasoline storage tanks, bulk gasoline plants or bulk gasoline terminals.
Gas service—Equipment which processes, transfers or contains a VOC or mixture of VOCs in the gaseous phase.
General account—An account in the NATS that is not a compliance account.
General operating permit—An operating permit issued for a category of stationary air contamination sources that the Department determines are similar in nature and that can be adequately regulated using standardized specifications and conditions.
General plan approval—A plan approval issued for a category of stationary air contamination sources that the Department determines are similar in nature and that can be adequately regulated using standardized specifications and conditions.
General use coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12:(i) A coating that is not a specialty coating.
(ii) The term includes coal tar epoxy coating.
Generation—With respect to ERCs, an action taken by an owner or operator of an air contamination source, emissions unit or facility that results in the actual reduction of emissions.
Glass melting furnace—A unit comprising a refractory-lined vessel in which raw materials are charged and melted at high temperature to produce molten glass.
Good engineering practice stack height—The distance above the exhaust point grade elevation, necessary to insure that emissions from the stack do not result in excessive concentrations of air pollutants in the immediate vicinity of the source as set forth in 40 CFR 51.100(gg)—(kk) except as permitted by 40 CFR 51.118(b) (relating to stack height provisions).
Green tires—Assembled tires before molding and curing have occurred.
Green-tire spraying—The spraying of green tires, both inside and outside, with release compound which helps remove air from the tire during molding and prevents the tire from sticking to the mold after curing.
Hand-wipe cleaning operation—Removing contaminants such as dirt, grease, oil and coatings from an aerospace vehicle or component by physically rubbing it with a material such as a rag, paper or cotton swab that has been moistened with a cleaning solvent.
Hardboard—A panel manufactured primarily from interfelted lignocellulosic fibers that are consolidated under heat and pressure in a hot-press.
Hardwood plywood—Plywood on which the surface layer is a veneer of hardwood.
Harrisburg air basin—The following political subdivisions in Cumberland County: Camp Hill Borough, East Pennsboro Township, Lemoyne Borough, New Cumberland Borough, West Fairview Borough, Wormleysburg Borough, and the political subdivisions in Dauphin County of the City of Harrisburg, Highspire Borough, Lower Swatara Township, Middletown Borough, Paxtang Borough, Royalton Borough, Steelton Borough, Susquehanna Township and Swatara Township.
Harrisburg Area Transportation Study area—Includes the following municipalities of Cumberland, Dauphin, Perry and York Counties:(i) Cumberland County—Boroughs of Camp Hill, Carlisle, Lemoyne, Mechanicsburg, Mount Holly Springs, New Cumberland, Shiremanstown, West Fairview and Wormleysburg; Townships of East Pennsboro, Hampden, Lower Allen, Middlesex, Monroe, North Middleton, Silver Springs, South Middleton and Upper Allen.
(ii) Dauphin County—City of Harrisburg, Boroughs of Dauphin, Highspire, Hummelstown, Middletown, Paxtang, Penbrook, Royalton and Steelton; Townships of Conewago, Derry, East Hanover, Londonderry, Lower Paxton, Lower Swatara, Middle Paxton, Reed, South Hanover, Susquehanna, Swatara and West Hanover.
(iii) Perry County—Boroughs of Duncannon and Marysville; Townships of Rye and Penn.
(iv) York County—Township of Fairview.
Heat input—Heat derived from the combustion of fuel in a NOx affected source. The term does not include the heat derived from preheated combustion air, recirculated flue gas or exhaust from another source or combination of sources.
Heat resistant specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a coating that must withstand a temperature of at least 204°C (400°F) during normal use.
Heatset—An operation in which heat is required to evaporate ink oils from the printing inks that are applied to the substrate.
Heatset ink—Printing ink that is set and dried with the use of heat.
Heavy-duty diesel engine—A diesel engine that is used to propel a motor vehicle with a GVWR of greater than 14,000 pounds.
Heavy-duty diesel vehicle—A diesel-powered motor vehicle with a GVWR of greater than 14,000 pounds.
High-gloss specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a coating that achieves at least 85% reflectance on a 60° meter when tested by ASTM Method D-523, ‘‘Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss.’’
High temperature coating—For purposes of § 129.73, an aerospace vehicle or component coating designed to withstand temperatures of more than 350°F.
High-temperature specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a coating that must withstand a temperature of at least 426°C (800°F) during normal use.
High volume-low pressure spray—The application of a coating by means of a gun which operates between 0.1 and 10.0 psig air pressure.
Hopper car—A rail car which is used to transport raw materials such as coal, iron ore or grain in bulk and in an unpackaged form.
Idling—For purposes of § § 129.301—129.310, the operation of a glass melting furnace at less than 25% of the permitted production capacity or fuel use capacity as stated in the plan approval or operating permit.
Idling mode—The time period when a solvent cleaning machine is not actively cleaning metal parts and the sump heating coils, if present, are turned off.
Immersion cold cleaning machine—An open top cold cleaning machine in which the parts are immersed in the solvent when being cleaned.
Importer—A person who imports gasoline or gasoline blending stocks or components from a foreign country into the United States.
Incineration—The combustion of wastes, including municipal wastes, in an enclosed device with the products of combustion directed to a flue as defined in this section.
Incinerator—A device designed to burn or oxidize solid, semisolid, liquid or gaseous wastes for the primary purpose, as determined by the Department, of volume reduction or of disposal. The term includes heat recovery systems.
Indirect heat exchange combustion unit—Combustion equipment in which the flame or products of combustion, or both, are separated from any contact with the principal material in the process by metallic or refractory walls, including, but not limited to, steam boilers, vaporizers, melting pots, heat exchangers, column reboilers, fractioning column feed preheaters, reactor feed preheaters, fuel-fired reactors such as steam hydrocarbon reformer heaters and pyrolisis heaters.
Indoor floor covering installation adhesive—(i) An adhesive intended by the manufacturer for use in the installation of wood flooring, carpet, resilient tile, vinyl tile, vinyl backed carpet, resilient sheet and roll or artificial grass.
(ii) The term does not include adhesives used to install ceramic tile or perimeter bonded sheet flooring with vinyl backing onto a nonporous substrate like flexible vinyl.
In-line vapor cleaning machine—A vapor cleaning machine that uses an automated parts handling system, typically a conveyor, to automatically provide a supply of parts to be cleaned. In-line vapor cleaning machines are fully enclosed except for the conveyor inlet and exit portals.
Inner zone of the Southeast Pennsylvania air basin—Philadelphia County; the following political subdivision in Bucks County: Bensalem Township, Bristol Borough, Bristol Township, Falls Township, Morrisville Borough and Tullytown Borough; the following political subdivisions in Montgomery County: Abington Township, Bridgeport Borough, Bryn Athyn Borough, Cheltenham Township, Conshohocken Borough, East Norriton Township, Jenkintown Borough, Lower Merion Township, Lower Moreland Township, Narberth Borough, Norristown Borough, Plymouth Township, Rockledge Borough, Springfield Township, Upper Merion Township, West Conshohocken Borough, West Norriton Township and Whitemarsh Township; and all of Delaware County except for Bethel Township, Birmingham Township, Chester Heights Borough, Concord Township, Edgemont Township, Newton Township and Thornbury Township.
Inorganic zinc (high-build) primer specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a coating that:(i) Contains 960 g/l (8 lb/gal) or more of elemental zinc incorporated into an inorganic silicate binder that is applied to steel to provide galvanic corrosion resistance.
(ii) Is typically applied at more than 2 mils dry film thickness.
Insulation covering—Material that is applied to foam insulation to protect the insulation from mechanical or environmental damage.
Intermediate release coating—A thin coating applied beneath topcoats on aerospace vehicles or components to assist in removing the topcoat in depainting operations and generally to allow the use of less hazardous depainting methods.
Johnstown air basin—The political subdivisions in Cambria County of Brownstown Borough, Conemaugh Township, Daisytown Borough, Dale Borough, East Conemaugh Borough, East Taylor Township, Ferndale Borough, Franklin Borough, Geistown Borough, City of Johnstown, Lorain Borough, Lower Yoder Township, Middle Taylor Township, Southmont Borough, Stoneycreek Township, Upper Yoder Township, West Taylor Township and Westmont Borough.
LAER—Lowest Achievable Emission Rate—(i) The rate of emissions based on the following, whichever is more stringent:
(A) The most stringent emission limitation which is contained in the implementation plan of a state for the class or category of source unless the owner or operator of the proposed source demonstrates that the limitations are not achievable.
(B) The most stringent emission limitation which is achieved in practice by the class or category of source.
(ii) The application of the term may not allow a new or proposed modified source to emit a pollutant in excess of the amount allowable under an applicable new source standard of performance.
LDT—light-duty truck—(i) For purposes of § 129.52, a light-duty truck is a motor vehicle rated at 8,500 pounds gross vehicle weight or less which is designed primarily for purposes of transportation or major components of the vehicle, including, but not limited to, chassis, frames, doors and engines.
(ii) For purposes of Chapter 126, Subchapter D (relating to the Pennsylvania Clean Vehicles Program), a light-duty truck is a motor vehicle rated at 8,500 pounds gross vehicle weight or less which is designed primarily for purposes of transportation of property or is a derivative of such a vehicle, or is available with special features enabling off-street or off-highway operation and use.
LDV—light-duty vehicle—A passenger car or light-duty truck.
Lacquer—A clear or pigmented coating formulated with a nitrocellulose or synthetic resin to dry by evaporation without a chemical reaction. Lacquers are resoluble in their original solvent.
Laminate—A product made by bonding together two or more layers of material.
Lancaster air basin—The political subdivisions in Lancaster County of East Petersburg Borough, City of Lancaster, Lancaster Township, Manheim Township and Millersville Borough.
Large appliances—Doors, cases, lids, panels and interior support parts of washers, dryers, ranges, refrigerators, freezers, water heaters, dishwashers, trash compactors, air conditioners and other similar products.
Lease custody transfer—The transfer of produced crude oil or condensate, after processing or treating in the producing operations, from storage tanks or automatic transfer facilities to pipelines or other forms of transportation.
Letterpress printing—A printing process in which the image area of the plate is raised relative to the nonimage area and the paste ink is transferred to the substrate directly from the image surface. The substrate can be fed to the press as either an individual sheet or a rolled web.
Limited access space—Internal surfaces or passages of an aerospace vehicle or component to which coatings cannot be applied without the aid of an airbrush or a spray gun extension for the application of coatings.
Liquid service—Equipment which processes, transfers or contains a VOC or mixture of VOCs in the liquid phase.
Lithographic plate—The plate used in lithographic or offset lithographic printing which has chemically differentiated image and nonimage areas so that the printing ink adheres to the image areas.
Lithographic printing—A printing process in which the image and nonimage areas are in the same plane on the surface of a lithographic plate. The image and nonimage areas are chemically differentiated; the image area is oil receptive and the nonimage area is water receptive. The substrate can be fed to the press as either an individual sheet or a rolled web.
Low RVP gasoline—Gasoline that has an RVP of 7.8 pounds per square inch or less as determined in accordance with the appropriate sampling and testing methodologies in 40 CFR Part 80, Appendix E (relating to test for determining Reid vapor pressure (RVP) of gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate blends).
Lower Beaver Valley air basin—All of Beaver County except for the following political subdivisions: Darlington Borough, Darlington Township, Economy Borough, Frankfort Springs Borough, Franklin Township, Hanover Township, Independence Township, Marion Township, New Sewickley Township and South Beaver Township.
Low emission vehicle—A vehicle certified as a low emission vehicle under the Clean Air Act.
Low NOx burner with separated overfire air—A burner design capable of reducing the formation of NOx emissions through substoichiometric combustion of fuel by means of a burner assembly consisting of two or more stages and the addition of secondary combustion air introduced downstream of the burner location.
Low-solids adhesive, sealant or primer—An adhesive, sealant, adhesive primer or sealant primer product that contains 120 grams or less of solids per liter of material.
MERC—Mobile Emission Reduction Credit—A permanent (for the time frame specified in an Economic Incentive Program), quantifiable, enforceable and surplus emissions reduction generated by a mobile source in accordance with an Economic Incentive Program which can be carried forward—for the time frame specified in the program—and considered a reduction for the purpose of offsetting emissions increases. If a MERC is used for new source review offsets, the use of the MERC shall be conditioned upon the new source obtaining other offsets that are enforceable by the time that the MERC program ceases to provide the required emissions credit.
MDF—Medium density fiberboard—An engineered wood panel product manufactured from individual wood fibers combined with wax and resin and consolidated under extreme heat and pressure.
MSDS—Material Safety Data Sheet—The documentation required for hazardous chemicals by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Hazard Communication Standard—29 CFR Part 1910 (relating to occupational safety and health standards)—for a solvent, cleaning material, coating or other material that identifies select reportable hazardous ingredients of the material, safety and health considerations and handling procedures.
MWH—Megawatt hour.
Magnet wire coating—The process of applying a coating of electrically-insulating varnish or enamel to aluminum or copper wire for use in electrical machinery.
Major emissions unit—For purposes of § 127.218, an emissions unit that emits or has the potential to emit the PAL pollutant in an amount that is equal to or greater than the major facility threshold as defined in this section for the PAL pollutant.
Major facility—(i) A facility which emits or has the potential to emit 100 TPY or more of a regulated NSR pollutant, except that lower emissions thresholds apply as follows:
(A) Fifty TPY of VOCs in a serious nonattainment area for ozone.
(B) Fifty TPY of VOCs in an area within an ozone transport region except for a severe or extreme nonattainment area for ozone.
(C) Twenty-five TPY of VOCs in a severe nonattainment area for ozone.
(D) Ten TPY of VOCs in an extreme nonattainment area for ozone.
(E) Seventy TPY of PM-10 in a serious nonattainment area for PM-10.
(F) Fifty TPY of CO in a serious nonattainment area for CO.
(G) Seventy TPY of PM2.5 in a serious nonattainment area for PM2.5.
(H) Seventy TPY of NOx in a serious nonattainment area for PM2.5.
(I) Seventy TPY of SO2 in a serious nonattainment area for PM2.5.
(J) Seventy TPY of VOCs in a serious nonattainment area for PM2.5.
(K) Seventy TPY of ammonia in a serious nonattainment area for PM2.5.
(ii) For the purposes of applying the requirements of Chapter 127, Subchapter E to the owner or operator of a facility located in an ozone nonattainment area or in an ozone transport region which emits or has the potential to emit NOx, as follows:
(A) One hundred TPY or more of NOx in an ozone nonattainment area classified as marginal, basic or moderate.
(B) One hundred TPY or more of NOx in an ozone nonattainment area classified as a transitional, submarginal, or incomplete or no data area, when the area is located in an ozone transport region.
(C) One hundred TPY or more of NOx in an area designated under section 107(d) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7407(d)) as attainment or unclassifiable for ozone that is located in an ozone transport region.
(D) Fifty TPY or more of NOx in a serious nonattainment area for ozone.
(E) Twenty-five TPY or more of NOx in a severe nonattainment area for ozone.
(F) Ten TPY or more of NOx in an extreme nonattainment area for ozone.
(iii) A physical change that occurs at a facility which does not exceed the major facility thresholds specified in Chapter 127, Subchapter E is considered a major facility if the change constitutes a major facility by itself.
(iv) A facility which is major for VOCs or NOx is considered major for ozone.
(v) Notwithstanding the provisions under subparagraphs (i) and (ii), a facility which emits or has the potential to emit 25 TPY or more of NOx or VOC and is located in Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery or Philadelphia County.
Major modification—(i) A physical change in or change in the method of operation of a major facility that would result in the following:
(A) A significant emissions increase of a regulated NSR pollutant.
(B) A significant net emissions increase of that pollutant from the major facility.
(ii) A proposed de minimis increase that would result in a net emissions increase as determined under Chapter 127, Subchapter E that meets or exceeds the applicable emissions rate that is significant.
(iii) A significant emissions increase from an emissions unit or a net emissions increase at a major facility that is significant for VOCs or NOx is considered significant for ozone.
(iv) A physical change in or change in the method of operation of a major facility does not include:
(A) Routine maintenance, repair and replacement.
(B) The use of an alternative fuel or raw material by reason of an order under section 2(a) and (b) of the Energy Supply and Environmental Coordination Act of 1974 (ESECA) (15 U.S.C.A. § 79(a) and (b)) (or superseding legislation) or by reason of a natural gas curtailment plan under the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C.A. § § 792—825r).
(C) The use of an alternative fuel by reason of an order or rule under section 125 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7425).
(D) The use of an alternative fuel at a steam generating unit to the extent that the fuel is generated from municipal solid waste.
(E) The use of an alternative fuel or raw material by a facility which meets one of the following conditions:
(I) The facility was capable of accommodating the fuel before January 6, 1975, unless the change would be prohibited under a Federally enforceable operating permit condition.
(II) The facility is approved to use the fuel or material under a Federally enforceable operating permit.
(F) An increase in the hours of operation or in the production rate, unless the change is prohibited under a condition of a Federally enforceable plan approval or an operating permit.
(G) A change in ownership of a facility.
(v) The term does not apply to a particular regulated NSR pollutant when the major facility is complying with the requirements under § 127.218. Instead, the definition of ‘‘PAL major modification’’ applies.
Major NOx emitting facility—A facility which emits or has the potential to emit NOx from the processes located at the site or on contiguous properties under the common control of the same person at a rate greater than one of the following:(i) Ten TPY in an ozone nonattainment area designated as extreme under section 182(e) and (f) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7511a(e) and (f)).
(ii) Twenty-five TPY in an ozone nonattainment area designated as severe under section 182(d) and (f) of the Clean Air Act.
(iii) Fifty TPY in an area designated as serious under section 182(c) and (f) of the Clean Air Act.
(iv) One hundred TPY in an area included in an ozone transport region established under section 184 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7511c).
(v) For purposes of § § 129.91—129.95 (relating to stationary sources of NOx and VOCs), twenty-five TPY and is located in Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery or Philadelphia County.
(vi) For purposes of § § 129.96—129.100 and 129.111—129.115 (relating to additional RACT requirements for major sources of NOx and VOCs), one hundred TPY statewide.
Major VOC emitting facility—A facility which emits or has the potential to emit VOCs from the processes located at the site or on contiguous properties under the common control of the same person at a rate greater than one of the following:
(i) Ten TPY in an ozone nonattainment area designated as extreme under section 182(e) of the Clean Air Act.
(ii) Twenty-five TPY in an ozone nonattainment area designated as severe under section 182(d) of the Clean Air Act.
(iii) Fifty TPY in an area included in an ozone transport region established under section 184 of the Clean Air Act.
(iv) For purposes of § § 129.91—129.95, twenty-five TPY and is located in Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery or Philadelphia County.
(v) For purposes of § § 129.96—129.100 and 129.111—129.115, fifty TPY statewide.
Malodor—An odor which causes annoyance or discomfort to the public and which the Department determines to be objectionable to the public.
Marine deck sealant or marine deck sealant primer—A sealant or sealant primer labeled for application to wooden marine decks.
Maximum allowable thinning ratio—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, the maximum volume of thinner that can be added per volume of coating without violating the applicable VOC limit in § 129.52, Table I, category 12.
Maximum heat input capacity—The maximum steady state heat input under which a source may be operated as determined by its physical design and characteristics. Maximum heat input capacity is expressed in millions of British Thermal Units (MMBtu) per unit of time.
Medical equipment manufacturing—The manufacture of medical devices including catheters, heart valves, blood cardioplegia machines, tracheostomy tubes, blood oxygenators and cardiatory reservoirs.
Metal furniture coating—The surface coating of a furniture made of metal or a metal part which will be assembled with other metal, wood, fabric, plastic or glass parts to form a furniture piece.
Metal to urethane/rubber molding or casting adhesive—An adhesive intended by the manufacturer to bond metal to high density or elastomeric urethane or molded rubber materials in a heated molding or casting process.
Metalized epoxy coating—A coating applied to aerospace vehicles or components that contains relatively large quantities of metallic pigmentation for appearance or added protection, or both.
Military exterior specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12:(i) An exterior topcoat applied to a military or United States (U.S.) Coast Guard vessel that is subject to specific chemical, biological or radiological washdown requirements.
(ii) The term is also known as a chemical agent resistant coating.
Minor operating permit modification—A change to incorporate de minimis conditions and other insignificant physical changes to a source or applicable requirements into an existing permit or a change that does not require plan approval but which contravenes an express permit term. The term does not include the following:(i) A change to permit terms or conditions that the source is violating.
(ii) A change to existing monitoring, reporting or recordkeeping requirements in the permit except as follows:
(A) A change in the enforceable operating level of the method that, prior to the source’s submission of a minor permit revision application, the Department has affirmatively determined the source has demonstrated to be correlated to the source’s existing or proposed compliance emissions rate. The changes may not involve a switch to a new or alternative monitoring or recordkeeping operating parameter.
(B) A change to a monitoring or recordkeeping method that affects the measurement sensitivity of the method and representativeness of the data (for example, precision, accuracy, measurement location or averaging time), so that there may be a measurable effect in relation to the relevant source compliance emissions rate; a change that affects the scope and intent of the existing monitoring method (for example, modified sample conditioning system, upgraded detector, upgraded data management system); or changes that may be generally applicable to similar monitoring methods in the same or other source categories (for example, equipment modification for interference avoidance). The changes may not involve a switch to new or alternative monitoring methods. Prior to the source’s submission of a minor permit revision application, the Department must have affirmatively determined that the monitoring or recordkeeping change has been demonstrated by the source to have a known relationship and ability to determine compliance with the applicable source compliance emissions rate.
(iii) A change that is a modification under Title I of the Clean Air Act.
(iv) A change subject to Title IV of the Clean Air Act.
(v) A change that exceeds the emissions allowable under the permit, whether expressed as a rate of emissions or in terms of total emissions.
(vi) Any other change precluded by the Clean Air Act or the regulations adopted thereunder as being eligible for processing as a minor permit modification.
Miscellaneous metal parts and products—Items made of ferrous or nonferrous metals, including large farm machinery, small farm machinery, small appliances, commercial and industrial machinery, fabricated metal products and items listed under the Standard Industrial Classification Codes 3300—3999. The term does not include cans, coils, automobiles, light-duty trucks, metal furniture, magnet wire, large appliances, aerospace vehicles or components and automobile refinishing and customized top coating of automobiles and trucks, if production since January 1, 1987, has not exceeded 34 vehicles per day.
Mist specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a low viscosity, thin film, epoxy coating applied to an inorganic zinc primer that penetrates the porous zinc primer and allows the occluded air to escape through the paint film prior to curing.
Mobile air contamination source—An air contamination source, including, but not limited to, automobiles, trucks, tractors, buses and other motor vehicles; railroad locomotives; ships, boats and other waterborne craft. The term does not include a source mounted on a vehicle, whether the mounting is permanent or temporary, which source is not used to supply power to the vehicle.
Mobile equipment—Equipment which may be driven or is capable of being driven on a roadway including, but not limited to:(i) Automobiles.
(ii) Trucks, truck cabs, truck bodies and truck trailers.
(iii) Buses.
(iv) Motorcycles.
(v) Utility bodies.
(vi) Camper shells.
(vii) Mobile cranes.
(viii) Bulldozers.
(ix) Street cleaners.
(x) Golf carts.
(xi) Ground support vehicles, used in support of aircraft activities at airports.
(xii) Farm equipment.
Model year—The manufacturer’s annual production period (as determined under 40 CFR 85.2304 (relating to definition of production period)) which includes January 1 of the calendar year. If the manufacturer has no annual production period, the term means the calendar year.
Modification—A physical change in a source or a change in the method of operation of a source which would increase the amount of an air contaminant emitted by the source or which would result in the emission of an air contaminant not previously emitted, except that routine maintenance, repair and replacement are not considered physical changes. An increase in the hours of operation is not considered a modification if the increase in the hours of operation has been authorized in a way that is Federally enforceable or legally and practicably enforceable by an operating permit condition.
Mold release—A coating applied to an aerospace vehicle or component mold surface to prevent the molded piece from sticking to the mold as it is removed.
Monongahela Valley air basin—The following political subdivisions in Fayette County: Belle Vernon Borough, Brownsville Borough, Brownsville Township, Fayette City Borough, Jefferson Township, Newell Borough and Washington Township; the following political subdivisions in Washington County: Allenport Borough, California Borough, Carroll Township, Charleroi Borough, Coal Center Borough, Donora Borough, Dunlevy Borough, Elco Borough, Fallowfield Township, Finleyville Borough, Long Branch Borough, Monongahela City, New Eagle Borough, North Charleroi Borough, Roscoe Borough, Speers Borough, Stockdale Borough, Twilight Borough, Union Township and West Brownsville Borough; and the following political subdivisions in Westmoreland County: Monessen City, North Belle Vernon Borough, Rostraver Township and West Newton Borough.
Monthly throughput—The total volume of gasoline loaded into, or dispensed from, gasoline storage tanks located at a gasoline dispensing facility. The term is calculated by summing the volume of gasoline loaded into, or dispensed from, all gasoline storage tanks at a gasoline dispensing facility during a single day, plus the total volume of gasoline loaded into, or dispensed from, all gasoline storage tanks at a gasoline dispensing facility during the previous 364 days, and then dividing that sum by 12.
Motor vehicle—A self-propelled vehicle designed for transporting persons or property on a street or highway.
Motor vehicle manufacturer—A person engaged in the manufacturing or assembling of new motor vehicles, new motor vehicle engines, new nonroad vehicles, new nonroad engines or importing these vehicles or engines for resale. The term includes a person who acts for and is under the control of any manufacturer in connection with the distribution of new motor vehicles, new motor vehicle engines, new nonroad vehicles, new nonroad engines. The term does not include a dealer with respect to new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines received by the dealer in commerce.
Multipurpose construction adhesive—An adhesive intended by the manufacturer for use in the installation or repair of various construction materials, including drywall, subfloor, panel, fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), ceiling tile and acoustical tile.
Municipal waste—Wastes as defined at § 260a.10 (relating to definitions) collected by a public or private hauler from more than one waste generator. The term does not include chemotherapeutic, pathological, infectious, sewage sludge and radioactive contaminated and hazardous wastes.
Municipal waste incinerator—A building, structure, facility or installation for reducing the volume of municipal waste through the use of incineration.
NAAQS—National Ambient Air Quality Standards.
NATS-NOx Allowance Tracking System—The computerized system used to track the number of NOx allowances held and used by any person.
NETS-NOx Emissions Tracking System—The computerized system used to track NOx emissions from NOx affected sources.
NMOG—Nonmethane organic gases.
NOx affected source—A fossil fuel fired indirect heat exchange combustion unit with a maximum rated heat input capacity of 250 MMBtu/hour or more and all fossil fuel fired electric generating sources rated at 15 megawatts or greater or any other source that voluntarily opts to become a NOx affected source.
NOx allocation—Assignment by the Department of NOx allowances to a NOx affected source and recorded by the NOx budget administrator to a NATS account.
NOx allowance—The limited authorization to emit 1 ton of NOx during a specified NOx allowance control period.
NOx allowance CEMS-NOx Allowance Continuous Emissions Monitoring System—For the purposes of the NOx allowance requirements, an emission monitoring system which continuously measures and records NOx emissions.
NOx allowance control period—The period beginning May 1 of each year and ending on September 30 of the same year, inclusive.
NOx allowance curtailment—For the purposes of NOx allowance requirements, a reduction in the hours of operation or in the rate of production.
NOx allowance deduction—The withdrawal of NOx allowances for permanent retirement by the NOx budget administrator from a NATS account.
NOx allowance transfer—The conveyance to another NATS account of one or more NOx allowances from one person to another by whatever means, including, but not limited to, purchase, trade, auction or gift.
NOx allowance transfer deadline—The deadline by which NOx allowances may be submitted for recording in a NOx affected source’s compliance account for purposes of meeting NOx allowance requirements.
NOx budget—The total tons of NOx emissions which may be released from NOx affected sources as listed in Appendix A.
NOx budget administrator—The person or agency designated by the Department as the NOx budget administrator of the NATS and the NETS.
NOx—Oxides of Nitrogen—All the oxides of nitrogen, except nitrous oxide (N2O), which are the regulated pollutants for both the ozone and nitrogen dioxide NAAQS.
NSPS—New Source Performance Standards.
NSR—New source review.
Natural-finish hardwood plywood panel—A panel on which the original grain pattern is enhanced by an essentially transparent finish frequently supplemented by filler and toner.
Natural gas compression and transmission facility fugitive VOC air contamination source—The group of fugitive-VOC-emitting components associated with an individual stationary source. Both of the following apply:(i) The group of fugitive-VOC-emitting components is considered an individual VOC-emitting source.
(ii) Fugitive VOC emissions from the group of fugitive-VOC-emitting components are not aggregated with the VOC emissions from the associated individual stationary source.
Navigational aids specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a coating applied to a U.S. Coast Guard buoy or other U.S. Coast Guard waterway marker when it is recoated aboard ship at its usage site and immediately returned to the water.
Necessary preconstruction approvals or permits—Those permits or approvals required under the Clean Air Act or the act and regulations adopted under the acts, which are part of the applicable SIP.
Net emissions increase—Emission changes at an existing major facility as determined in accordance with § 127.203a(a)(1).
New motor vehicle or new light-duty vehicle—A motor vehicle for which the equitable or legal title has never been transferred to the ultimate purchaser. For purposes of the Pennsylvania Clean Vehicles Program and the Pennsylvania Heavy-Duty Diesel Emissions Control Program, the equitable or legal title to a motor vehicle with an odometer reading of 7,500 miles or more shall be considered to be transferred to the ultimate purchaser. If the equitable or legal title to a motor vehicle with an odometer reading is less than 7,500 miles, the vehicle will not be considered to be transferred to the ultimate purchaser.
New Phase 2 outdoor wood-fired boiler—A Phase 2 outdoor wood-fired boiler that is installed on or after October 2, 2010.
New source—A stationary air contamination source which:(i) Was constructed and commenced operation on or after July 1, 1972.
(ii) Was modified, irrespective of a change in the amount or kind of air contaminants emitted, so that the fixed capital cost of new components exceeds 50% of the fixed capital cost that would be required to construct a comparable entirely new source; fixed capital costs means the capital needed to provide the depreciable components.
Nonattainment area—An area designated by the EPA under section 107 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7407) in 40 CFR 81.339 (relating to Pennsylvania).
Noncommercial fuel—A gaseous or liquid fuel generated as a byproduct or waste product which is not specifically produced and manufactured for sale. A mixture of noncommercial and a commercial fuel oil where at least 50% of the heat content is derived from the noncommercial fuel portion is considered a noncommercial fuel.
Non-heatset—A lithographic or letterpress printing process in which the printing inks, including varnishes, are set and dried by absorption or oxidation of the ink oils rather than by evaporation with heat. These non-polymerization processes are also known as ‘‘coldset’’ processes. Polymerization processes including the use of an infrared dryer, ultraviolet curing or electron beam curing are also considered non-heatset operations.
Nonmembrane roof installation/repair adhesive—(i) An adhesive intended by the manufacturer for use in the installation or repair of nonmembrane roofs and that is not intended for the installation of prefabricated single-ply flexible roofing membrane.
(ii) The term includes:
(A) Plastic or asphalt roof cement.
(B) Asphalt roof coating.
(C) Cold application cement.
Nonoxygenated gasoline—A gasoline which does not meet the definition of oxygenated gasoline.
Nonpermanent final finish—A material such as a wax, polish, nonoxidizing oil or similar substance that must be periodically reapplied to a substrate over its lifetime to maintain or restore the material’s effect.
Non-Phase 2 outdoor wood-fired boiler—An outdoor wood-fired boiler that has not been certified or qualified by the EPA as meeting a particulate matter emission limit of 0.32 pounds per million Btu output or lower and is labeled accordingly.
Nonskid specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a coating applied to the horizontal surfaces of a marine vessel for the specific purpose of providing slip resistance for personnel, vehicles or aircraft.
Nonspecific particulate matter—Particulate matter which is nonodorous and nonirritating, including, but not limited to, alundum, calcium carbonate, cellulose, portland cement, graphite, gypsum, limestone, magnesite, starch, tin oxide and glycerine mist.
Nonstructural adhesive—An adhesive applied to aerospace vehicles or components that bonds nonload bearing aerospace components in noncritical applications and is not included in any other specialty adhesive categories.
Nonvolatiles—Substances that do not evaporate readily. The term:(i) Refers to the film-forming material of a coating.
(ii) Is also known as solids.
Normally closed—A container or piping system that remains closed unless an operator is actively engaged in adding or removing material.
Normally closed container—A container that is closed unless an operator is actively engaged in activities such as emptying or filling the container.
Northeast Ozone Transport Region—The ozone transport region which includes this Commonwealth as established by section 184(a) of the Clean Air Act.
Nuclear specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12:(i) A protective coating used to seal porous surfaces such as steel or concrete that otherwise would be subject to intrusion by radioactive materials.
(ii) The coating must meet the following:
(A) Be resistant to long-term (service life) cumulative radiation exposure as determined by ASTM D4082-89, ‘‘Standard Test Method for Effects of Gamma Radiation on Coatings for Use in Light-Water Nuclear Power Plants.’’
(B) Be relatively easy to decontaminate as determined by ASTM D4256-89 or 94, reapproved 1994, ‘‘Standard Test Method for Determination of the Decontaminability of Coatings Used in Light-Water Nuclear Power Plants.’’
(C) Be resistant to various chemicals to which the coating is likely to be exposed as determined by ASTM D 3912-80, reapproved 1989, ‘‘Standard Test Method for Chemical Resistance of Coatings Used in Light-Water Nuclear Power Plants.’’
O2—Oxygen.
OTC MOU—Ozone Transport Commission Memorandum of Understanding—The memorandum of understanding signed by representatives of ten states and the District of Columbia as members of the Ozone Transport Commission on September 27, 1994.
Offset lithographic printing—A printing process in which the image and nonimage areas are in the same plane on the surface of a lithographic plate and the image and nonimage areas are chemically differentiated. The ink film is transferred from the lithographic plate to an intermediary surface, typically a rubber-covered cylinder called a blanket, which in turn transfers the ink film to the substrate. The substrate can be fed to the press as either an individual sheet or a rolled web.
Offset vehicle—A light-duty vehicle which has been certified by California as set forth in 13 CCR, Division 3, Chapter 1.
Offtake piping—The pipes or ducts by which the gaseous byproducts of coking are transported from one end of an oven to a coke oven gas collector main, including the standpipe and standpipe cap.
Opacity—The degree to which emissions reduce the transmission of light and obscure the view of an object in the background.
Open burning—A fire, the air contaminants from which are emitted directly into the outdoor atmosphere and not directed thereto through a flue.
Open charging—The introduction of coal into a coke oven which is open or exposed to the atmosphere during charging, beginning when the coal is introduced into the oven and continuing until the oven is closed from the atmosphere.
Open charging emissions—An air contaminant emitted from one or more charging ports, spaces between charging port rings and oven refractory, open chuck doors, drop sleeves, larry car hoppers, jumper pipes, standpipe caps or devices for the capture and cleaning of air contaminants during open charging. The term does not include an air contaminant emitted during the temporary removal of a charging port cover after it has been firmly seated over the charging port following the removal of the larry car.
Open top vapor degreaser—A batch-loaded device used to clean metal parts through the condensation or organic solvent on colder metal parts.
Operating parameter value—A minimum or maximum value established for a control device or process parameter that, if achieved by itself or in combination with one or more other operating parameter values, determines whether an owner or operator has complied with an applicable emission limitation or standard.
Optical antireflection coating—A coating, applied to aerospace vehicles or components, with a low reflectance in the infrared and visible wavelength ranges that is used for antireflection on or near optical and laser hardware.
Organic liquid cargo vessel—A tanker, freighter, barge, vessel, ship or boat used for the bulk transport of organic liquid cargo.
Organic zinc specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a coating derived from zinc dust incorporated into an organic binder that contains more than 960 g/l (8 lb/gal) of elemental zinc, as applied, and that is used for the express purpose of corrosion protection.
Outdoor floor covering installation adhesive—An adhesive intended by the manufacturer for use in the installation of floor covering that is both of the following:(i) Not in an enclosure.
(ii) Exposed to ambient weather conditions during normal use.
Outdoor wood-fired boiler—(i) A fuel-burning device that:
(A) Is designed to burn, or is capable of burning, clean wood or other fuels listed under § 123.14(f) (relating to outdoor wood-fired boilers).
(B) Has a rated thermal output of less than 350,000 Btu per hour.
(C) The manufacturer designs or specifies for outdoor installation or installation in structures not normally intended for habitation by humans or domestic animals, including structures like garages and sheds.
(D) Heats building space or fluid, or both, through the distribution, typically through pipes, of a fluid heated in the device, typically water or a mixture of water and antifreeze.
(ii) The fuel-burning device may also be known as an:
(A) Outdoor wood-fired furnace.
(B) Outdoor wood-burning appliance.
(C) Outdoor hydronic heater.
Outer zone of the southeast Pennsylvania air basin—The political subdivisions in the southeast Pennsylvania air basin which are not in the inner zone of the southeast Pennsylvania air basin.
Owner or operator—A person who owns, leases, operates, controls or supervises a source or facility.
Oxygenate—A substance which, when added to gasoline, increases the amount of oxygen in that gasoline blend. Lawful use of a combination of these substances requires that they be ‘‘substantially similar’’ under section 211(f)(1) of the Clean Air Act, or be permitted under a waiver granted by the Administrator of the EPA under the authority of section 211(f)(4) of the Clean Air Act.
Oxygenate blending facility—A facility at which oxygenated gasoline is produced. The oxygenate blending facility does not have to be physically located in the control area.
Oxygenated gasoline—Gasoline which contains a minimum oxygen content of 2.7% by weight on a per gallon basis.
Oxygen content of gasoline blends—The percentage of oxygen by weight contained in a gasoline blend, based upon its percentage oxygenate by volume, excluding denaturants and other nonoxygen-containing components.
PAL—Plantwide applicability limit—An emissions limit expressed in TPY, for a pollutant at a major facility, that is enforceable as a practical matter and established facility-wide in accordance with § 127.218.
PAL effective date—The date of issuance of the PAL permit. The PAL effective date for an increased PAL is the date an emissions unit which is part of the PAL major modification becomes operational and begins to emit the PAL pollutant.
PAL effective period—The period beginning with the PAL effective date and ending 10 years later.
PAL major modification—Notwithstanding the definitions under this section for ‘‘major modification’’ and ‘‘net emissions increase,’’ a physical change in or change in the method of operation of the facility that causes the facility to emit the PAL pollutant at a level equal to or greater than the PAL.
PAL permit—The plan approval, operating permit or Title V permit issued by the Department that establishes a PAL for a major facility.
PAL pollutant—The pollutant for which a PAL is established for a major facility.
PEMS—Predictive emissions monitoring system—For purposes of Chapter 127, Subchapter E, all of the equipment necessary to monitor process and control device operational parameters including control device secondary voltages and electric currents, other information including gas flow rate, O2 or CO2 concentrations, and calculate and record the mass emissions rate in terms of mass per unit time, like lb/hr, on a continuous basis.
PM2.5—Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to a nominal 2.5 micrometer body as measured by the applicable reference method or an equivalent method.
PM-10—Particulate matter with an effective aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to a nominal 10 micrometer body as measured by the applicable reference method or an equal method.
ppm—Parts per million.
ppmvd—Parts per million dry volume.
PVC—Polyvinyl chloride.
PVC plastic or polyvinyl chloride plastic—A polymer of the chlorinated vinyl monomer that contains 57% chlorine.
PVC welding adhesive or polyvinyl chloride welding adhesive—An adhesive intended by the manufacturer for use in the welding of PVC plastic pipe.
Pail—A nominally cylindrical metal shipping container which has a capacity between 1 and 12 gallons and which is constructed of 29-gauge and heavier material.
Panel installation—The installation of plywood, predecorated hardboard or tileboard, fiberglass reinforced plastic and similar predecorated or nondecorated panels to studs or solid surfaces using an adhesive formulated for that purpose.
Paper, film or foil coating or paper, film or foil surface coating—Coatings applied in a continuous, uniform layer to paper, film or foil surfaces, and pressure-sensitive tapes, regardless of substrate. The coatings are applied to provide a covering, finish or functional or protective layer to the substrate, saturate a substrate for lamination or provide adhesion between two substrates for lamination.(i) The term includes coatings used in web coating processes on the following substrates:
(A) Pressure sensitive tapes and labels, including fabric coated for use in pressure sensitive tapes and labels.
(B) Plastic and photographic films.
(C) Industrial and decorative laminates.
(D) Abrasive products, including fabric coated for use in abrasive products.
(E) Flexible packaging, including coating of nonwoven polymer substrates for use in flexible packaging, if the coating is not applied on or in-line with a flexible packaging printing press.
(F) Those used in miscellaneous coating operations, including the following:
(I) Corrugated and solid fiber boxes.
(II) Die-cut paper, paperboard and cardboard.
(III) Converted paper and paperboard not elsewhere classified.
(IV) Folding paperboard boxes, including sanitary boxes.
(V) Manifold business forms and related products.
(VI) Plastic aseptic packaging.
(VII) Carbon paper and inked ribbons.
(ii) The term does not include the following:
(A) Coatings applied in whole or in part as nonuniform layers, such as patterns, designs or print.
(B) Inks and other coatings used at printing operations that are applied on or in-line with an offset lithographic, screen, letterpress, flexographic, rotogravure or digital printing press.
(C) Sizing, starch or water-based clays that are applied with size presses and on-machine coaters that are part of an in-line papermaking system.
Part marking coating—Coating or ink used to make identifying markings on aerospace materials, components and assemblies. These markings may be either permanent or temporary.
Particleboard—A manufactured board made of individual wood particles that have been coated with a binder and formed into flat sheets by pressure.
Particulate matter—A material except uncombined water which is or has been airborne and exists as a solid or liquid at 70° F and 14.7 pounds per square inch absolute pressure.
Passenger car—A motor vehicle designed primarily for transportation of persons and having a design capacity of 12 persons or less.
Passenger-type tire—Agricultural, airplane, industrial, mobile home, light- and medium-duty truck and passenger vehicle tires with a bead diameter up to 20 inches and cross sectional dimension up to 12.8 inches.
Paving operation—The process of covering an area with stone, concrete, asphalt or other material in order to make a firm, level surface for travel. The term does not include compounds used exclusively as residential driveway sealing compounds are excluded.
Performance standard—For purposes of the regulation of hazardous air pollutants under section 112 of the Clean Air Act, the term includes design, equipment, work practice or operational standards or a combination thereof.
Perimeter bonded sheet flooring installation—The installation of sheet flooring with vinyl backing onto a nonporous substrate using an adhesive designed to be applied only to a strip of up to 4 inches wide around the perimeter of the sheet flooring.
Permitted production capacity—The maximum pull rate as stated in the plan approval, operating permit or Title V permit.
Petroleum refinery—A facility engaged in producing gasoline, aromatics, kerosene, distillate fuel oils, residual fuel oils, lubricants, asphalt, or other products, through distillation of petroleum or through redistillation, cracking, rearrangement or reforming of unfinished petroleum derivatives.
Phase I vapor recovery system—(i) Equipment and components that control the emission of gasoline vapors during the transfer of gasoline from a gasoline tank truck to a gasoline storage tank at a gasoline dispensing facility by returning the vapors to the gasoline tank truck.
(ii) Equipment and components that control the emission of gasoline vapors during the storage of gasoline at a gasoline dispensing facility.
(iii) The term includes a Stage I vapor recovery system.
Phase 2 outdoor wood-fired boiler—An outdoor wood-fired boiler that has been certified or qualified by the EPA as meeting a particulate matter emission limit of 0.32 pounds per million Btu output or lower and is labeled accordingly.
Phase II vapor recovery system—(i) Equipment and components that control the emission of gasoline vapors during the transfer of gasoline from a gasoline storage tank at a gasoline dispensing facility to a motor vehicle fuel tank by returning the vapors to the storage tank.
(ii) The term includes a Stage II vapor recovery system.
Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley Area—The seven-county area comprised of the following Pennsylvania counties: Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland.
Plastic cement welding adhesive—(i) An adhesive intended by the manufacturer for use to dissolve the surface of plastic to form a bond between mating surfaces.
(ii) The term does not include the following welding adhesives:
(A) ABS.
(B) CPVC.
(C) PVC.
Plastic cement welding adhesive primer—A primer intended by the manufacturer for use to prepare plastic substrates prior to bonding or welding.
Plastic foam—Foam constructed of plastics.
Plasticizer—A material, like a high boiling point organic solvent, that is incorporated into a vinyl to increase its flexibility, workability or distensibility, as determined by ASTM Method E-260, including updates and revisions.
Plastics—Synthetic materials chemically formed by the polymerization of organic (carbon-based) substances. Plastics are usually compounded with modifiers, extenders or reinforcers and are capable of being molded, extruded, cast into various shapes and films or drawn into filaments.
Pleasure craft—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a marine or fresh-water vessel used by an individual for noncommercial, nonmilitary or recreational purposes that is less than 20 meters in length, including a vessel rented exclusively to or chartered for individuals for such purposes.
Plywood—A structural material made of layers of laminated plies of veneers or layers of wood glued together, usually with the grains of adjoining layers at right angles to each other.
Pneumatic rubber tire manufacture—The production of pneumatic rubber, passenger-type tires on a mass production basis.
Pollution prevention—Source reduction and other practices that reduce or eliminate the creation of pollutants through changes within the production process, including process modifications, feedstock substitutions, improvements in feedstock purity, shipping and packing modifications, housekeeping and management practices, increases in the efficiency of machinery and recycling within a process. The term does not include out-of-process recycling, treatment and safe disposal.
Porous material—A substance that has tiny openings, often microscopic, into or from which fluids may be absorbed or discharged, including wood, paper and corrugated paperboard.
Potential emission rate—The total weight rate at which a particular air contaminant, in the absence of air cleaning devices, would be emitted per unit of time from an air contamination source when the source is operated at its rated capacity.
Potential to emit—The maximum capacity of a source to emit a pollutant under its physical and operational design. Any physical or operational limita- tion on the capacity of the source to emit a pollutant, including air pollution control equipment and limitations on hours of operation or on the type or amount of material combusted, stored or processed shall be treated as part of the design if the limitation or the effect it would have on emissions is Federally enforceable or legally and practicably enforceable by an operating permit condition. The term does not include secondary emission from an offsite facility.
Premium interior wall paneling product—A product that has more stringent product performance requirements (namely, adhesion and hardness standards; and household stain, scrub and moisture resistance, while maintaining a relatively smooth appearance) compared to standard interior wall paneling.
Pressed glass—Glassware formed by placing a blob of molten glass in a metal mold, then pressing it with a metal plunger or ‘‘follower’’ to form the inside shape. The resultant piece, termed ‘‘mold-pressed,’’ has an interior form independent of the exterior, in contrast to mold-blown glass, whose interior corresponds to the outer form.
Pressure/vacuum vent valve—A relief valve installed on the vent stack of a gasoline storage tank system that is designed to open within a specific pressure range to protect the storage tank system from excessive pressure or vacuum.
Pretreatment coating—An organic coating that contains at least 0.5% acids by weight and is applied directly to metal surfaces of aerospace vehicles and components to provide surface etching, corrosion resistance, adhesion and ease of stripping.
Pretreatment wash primer specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a coating that contains a minimum of 0.5% acid, by mass, and is applied only to bare metal to etch the surface and enhance adhesion of a subsequent coating.
Primary furnace combustion system—The burners in a glass melting furnace that are used during production of glass.
Prime coat—The first of two or more films of coating applied to a metal surface.
Printed interior panel—A panel on which the grain or natural surface is obscured by filler and basecoat upon which a simulated grain or decorative pattern is printed.
Printing press—The equipment used to apply words, pictures or designs to a sheet or continuous substrate of paper, plastic or other material. The equipment must include at least one printing work station. The following equipment, if present, is also considered part of the term:(i) One or multiple unwind or feed sections.
(ii) A series of individual work stations, which may include inboard and outboard work stations. A work station that employs another technology, including surface coating, is considered part of the printing press if the station is capable of printing or coating on the same substrate and if the work station is physically connected as part of the printing press.
(iii) A dryer associated with a work station.
(iv) A rewind, stack or collection section.
Process—A method, reaction or operation in which materials are handled or whereby materials undergo physical change—that is, the size, shape, appearance, temperature, state or other physical property of the material is altered—or chemical change—that is, a substance with different chemical composition or properties is formed or created. The term includes all of the equipment, operations and facilities necessary for the completion of the transformation of the materials to produce a physical or chemical change. There may be several processes in series or parallel necessary to the manufacture of a product.
Process heater—(i) An enclosed device using controlled flame, that is not a boiler, the primary purpose of which is to transfer heat to a process material or to a heat transfer material for use in a process unit.
(ii) The term does not include an enclosed device that meets either of the following circumstances:
(A) Has the primary purpose of generating steam.
(B) In which the material being heated is in direct contact with the products of combustion, including:
(I) A furnace.
(II) A kiln.
(III) An unfired waste heat recovery heater.
(IV) A unit used for comfort heat, space heat or food preparation for onsite consumption.
(V) An autoclave.
Process vent—For purposes of § 129.71a, the point of discharge to the atmosphere or the point of entry into a control device of a gas stream from a unit operation subject to § 129.71a.
Project—A physical change in or change in the method of operation of an existing facility, including a new emissions unit.
Projected actual emissions—The maximum annual rate in TPY at which an existing emissions unit is projected to emit a regulated NSR pollutant, as determined in accordance with § 127.203a(a)(5).
Propellant—A fluid under pressure that expels the contents of a container when a valve is opened.
Publication rotogravure printing—Rotogravure printing upon paper which is subsequently formed into books, magazines, catalogues, brochures, directories, newspaper supplements and other types of printed material.
Public transportation—Transportation provided by a municipal or public entity, including rail, bus and paratransit services.
Pull rate—The amount of glass withdrawn from a glass melting furnace, expressed in short tons per day.
Pushing emissions—An air contaminent emitted into the outdoor atmosphere which is generated by or results from the pushing operation.
Pushing operation—The operation by which coke is removed from a coke oven and transported to a quench station, beginning when the coke side door is first removed from a coke oven and continuing until the quenching operation is commenced.
Quenching—The operation by which the combustion of hot coke is stopped by application of water or any other procedure achieving the same effect.
RACT—Reasonably Available Control Technology—The lowest emission limit for VOCs or NOx that a particular source is capable of meeting by the application of control technology that is reasonably available considering technological and economic feasibility.
RFP—Reasonable Further Progress—The annual incremental reduction in emissions of an air contaminant as required by section 172(c)(2) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7502(c)(2)), for the purpose of ensuring attainment of the applicable NAAQS by the applicable statutory deadline.
RVP—Reid Vapor Pressure—The measure of pressure exerted on the interior of a special container as determined by the appropriate methodologies in 40 CFR Part 80, Appendix E.
Radome—The nonmetallic protective housing for aerospace electromagnetic transmitters and receivers—for example, radar, electronic countermeasures.
Rain erosion resistant coating—A coating or coating system used to protect the leading edges of parts such as flaps, stabilizers, radomes and engine inlet nacelles against erosion caused by rain impact during flight.
Rating—The operating limit of a source as stated by the manufacturer of the source or as determined by good engineering judgment.
Reactive diluent—A liquid reactive organic compound in an uncured adhesive, sealant or primer that reacts chemically or physically during the curing process to become an integral part of a finished material.
Reactor—A vat or vessel, which may be jacketed to permit temperature control, designed to contain chemical reactions.
Reactor process—For purposes of § 129.71a, a unit operation in which one or more chemicals or reactants other than air are combined or decomposed in a way that their molecular structures are altered and one or more new organic compounds are formed.
Reading air basin—The political subdivisions in Berks County of Bern Township, Cumru Township, Kenhorst Borough, Laureldale Borough, Leesport Borough, Lower Alsace Township, Mohnton Borough, Mt. Penn Borough, Muhlenberg Township, City of Reading, Shillington Borough, Sinking Spring Borough, Spring Township, St. Lawrence Borough, Temple Borough, West Lawn Borough, West Reading Borough, Wyomissing Borough and Wyomissing Hills Borough.
Reduced room draft—Decreasing the flow or movement of air across the top of the freeboard area of a solvent cleaning machine to less than 50 feet per second (15.2 meters per second) by methods including:(i) Redirecting fans or air vents, or both.
(ii) Moving a machine to a corner where there is less room draft.
(iii) Constructing a partial or complete enclosure.
Refiner—A person who owns, leases, operates, controls or supervises a refinery.
Refinery—A plant which produces petroleum products, including gasoline.
Refinery component—A piece of equipment which has the potential to leak VOCs when tested in the manner specified in § 129.58 (relating to petroleum refineries—fugitive sources). These sources include, but are not limited to, pump seals, compressor seals, seal oil degassing vents, pipeline valves, pressure relief devices, process drains and open-ended pipes. Excluded from these sources are valves which are not externally regulated.
Refinery gas—Gas produced at a refinery which produces petroleum products, including gasoline, from refinery units.
Refinery unit—A basic process operation, such as distillation hydrotreating, cracking or reforming of hydrocarbons which is made up of a set of refinery components.
Regenerative cycle combustion turbine—A stationary combustion turbine which recovers heat from the combustion turbine exhaust gases to preheat the inlet combustion air to the combustion turbine.
Regulated NSR pollutant—(i) NOx or VOCs.
(ii) A pollutant for which the EPA has promulgated a NAAQS.
(iii) A pollutant that is a constituent or precursor of a pollutant listed under subparagraph (i) or (ii), if the constituent or precursor pollutant may only be regulated under NSR as part of regulation of the pollutant listed under subparagraph (i) or (ii). Precursors identified by the Administrator of the EPA for purposes of NSR are the following:
(A) VOCs and NOx are precursors to ozone in all ozone nonattainment areas.
(B) SO2, VOCs and ammonia are precursors to PM2.5 in all PM2.5 nonattainment areas.
(C) Nitrogen oxides are presumed to be precursors to PM2.5 in PM2.5 nonattainment areas unless the Department demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Administrator of the EPA or the Administrator of the EPA determines that NOx emissions from a source in a specific area are not a significant contributor to that area’s ambient PM2.5 concentrations.
(iv) PM2.5 and PM-10 emissions, including gaseous emissions from a facility or activity that condense to form particulate matter at ambient temperatures, as specified in § 127.201(g) (relating to general requirements).
Related party—For purposes of compliance review, a general partner, parent or subsidiary corporation of the applicant or permittee for a plan approval or operating permit including a general plan approval and general operating permit.
Remote reservoir cold cleaning machine—A machine in which liquid solvent is pumped to a sink-like work area that immediately drains solvent back into an enclosed container or beneath a solvent cover while parts are being cleaned, allowing no solvent to pool in the work area.
Renewal—The process by which a permit may be reissued at the end of its term.
Repair and maintenance of thermoplastic coating of commercial vessels specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12:(i) A vinyl, chlorinated rubber or bituminous resin coating that is applied over the same type of existing coating to perform the partial recoating of an in-use commercial vessel.
(ii) The term does not include coal tar epoxy coating, which is considered a ‘‘general use’’ coating.
Replacement source—A new source which is replacing a NOx affected source where both sources are under common ownership located within this Commonwealth. The NOx affected source shall be deactivated or permitted only as an emergency standby unit to the replacement source with operation limited to a maximum of 500 hours per year following commencement of operation of the replacement source.
Replacement unit—An emissions unit for which all the criteria listed in subparagraphs (i)—(iv) are met. Creditable emission reductions may not be generated from shutting down the existing emissions unit that is replaced.(i) The emissions unit is a reconstructed unit if the fixed capital cost of the new components exceeds 50% of the fixed capital cost that would be required to construct a comparable, entirely new emissions unit, or the emissions unit completely takes the place of an existing emissions unit.
(ii) The emissions unit is identical to or functionally equivalent to the replaced emissions unit.
(iii) The replacement unit does not alter the basic design parameters of the process unit.
(iv) The replaced emissions unit is permanently removed from the major facility, otherwise permanently disabled, or permanently barred from operation by a permit that is enforceable as a practical matter. If the replaced emissions unit is brought back into operation, it shall constitute a new emissions unit.
Research and development facility—A stationary source, whether a laboratory or pilot project, that is not engaged in the manufacture of products for commercial sale except in de minimis amounts on an infrequent basis or internal manufacturing use except in de minimis amounts on an infrequent basis and with emissions that are less than the emission thresholds for a Title V facility, whose purpose is to conduct one of the following:(i) Research and development into new products or processes, the improvement of existing products or processes or new uses for existing products or processes.
(ii) Basic research to provide for education or the general advancement of technology or knowledge, where the source is also operated under the close supervision of technically trained personnel.
Reseller—A person who purchases gasoline identified by the corporate, trade or brand name of a refiner or a distributor and resells or transfers the gasoline to retailers or wholesale purchaser-consumers displaying the refiner’s or distributor’s brand, and whose assets or facilities are not owned, leased or controlled by the refiner or distributor.
Resource recovery unit—A building, structure, facility or installation using incineration of municipal waste to recover usable energy in a combustion unit as defined in this section.
Responsible official—An individual who is:(i) For a corporation: a president, secretary, treasurer or vice president of the corporation in charge of a principal business function, or another person who performs similar policy or decision making functions for the corporation, or an authorized representative of the person if the representative is responsible for the overall operation of one or more manufacturing, production, or operating facilities applying for, or subject to, a permit and one of the following applies:
(A) The facility employs more than 250 persons or has gross annual sales or expenditures exceeding $25 million (in second quarter 1980 dollars).
(B) The delegation of authority to the representative is approved, in advance, in writing, by the Department.
(ii) For a partnership or sole proprietorship: a general partner or the proprietor, respectively.
(iii) For a municipality, State, Federal or other public agency: a principal executive officer or ranking elected official. A principal executive officer of a Federal agency includes the chief executive officer having responsibility for the overall operations of a principal geographic unit of the agency—for example, a regional administrator of the EPA.
(iv) For affected sources:
(A) The designated representatives in so far as actions, standards, requirements or prohibitions under Title IV of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § § 7641 and 7642) or the regulations thereunder are concerned.
(B) The designated representative or a person meeting provisions of subparagraphs (i)—(iii) for any other purpose under 40 CFR Part 70 (relating to operating permit programs), Chapter 127 (relating to construction, modification, reactivation and operation of sources) or Chapter 129.
Retailer—A person who owns, leases, operates, controls or supervises a retail outlet.
Retail outlet—An establishment at which commercial fuel oil or gasoline is sold or offered for sale to the ultimate consumer for use in a combustion unit or motor vehicle, respectively.
Roadway sealant—A sealant intended by the manufacturer for application to public streets, highways and other surfaces, including curbs, berms, driveways and parking lots.
Rocket motor bonding adhesive—An adhesive used in rocket motor bonding applications.
Rocket motor nozzle coating—A catalyzed epoxy coating system used in elevated temperature applications on rocket motor nozzles.
Roller coating—The application of a coating to a sheet or strip in which the coating is transferred by a roller or series of rollers.
Roll printing—The application of words, designs and pictures to a substrate usually by means of a series of hard rubber or steel rolls each with only partial coverage.
Rotogravure printing—The application of words, designs and pictures to a substrate by means of a roll printing technique which involves an intaglio or recessed image area in the form of cells.
Rubber—A natural or manmade rubber substrate, including styrene-butadiene rubber, polychloroprene (neoprene) rubber, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber and ethylene propylene diene terpolymer rubber.
Rubber-based adhesive—A quick setting contact cement applied to aerospace vehicles and components that provides a strong, yet flexible, bond between two mating surfaces that may be of dissimilar materials.
Rubber camouflage specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, an epoxy coating formulated for use as a camouflage topcoat for exterior submarine hulls and sonar domes.
SCAQMD—South Coast Air Quality Management District—The California regional government agency responsible for air pollution control in Los Angeles and Orange counties and parts of Riverside and San Bernardino counties.
SIP—State Implementation Plan—The plan that a state is authorized and required to submit under section 110 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7410) to provide for the attainment of the National ambient air quality standards.
Scale inhibitor—A coating that is applied to the surface of an aerospace vehicle component prior to thermal processing to inhibit the formation of scale.
Scranton, Wilkes-Barre air basin—The political subdivisions in Lackawanna County of Archbald Borough, Blakely Borough, Dickson City Borough, Dunmore Borough, Jessup Borough, Moosic Borough, Old Forge Borough, Olyphant Borough, City of Scranton, Taylor Borough, Throop Borough, and the political subdivisions in Luzerne County of Ashley Borough, Avoca Borough, Courtdale Borough, Dupont Borough, Duryea Borough, Edwardsville Borough, Exeter Borough, Forty Fort Borough, Hanover Township, Hughestown Borough, Jenkins Township, Kingston Borough, Laflin Borough, Larksville Borough, Laurel Run Borough, Luzerne Borough, City of Nanticoke, City of Pittston, Pittston Township, Plains Township, Plymouth Borough, Plymouth Township, Pringle Borough, Sugar Notch Borough, Swoyersville Borough, Warrior Run Borough, West Pittston Borough, West Wyoming Borough, City of Wilkes-Barre, Wilkes-Barre Township, Wyoming Borough and Yatesville Borough.
Screen print ink—An ink used in screen printing processes during fabrication of decorative laminates and decals for aerospace vehicles and components.
Sealant—(i) For purposes of § 129.73:
(A) A material used to prevent the intrusion of water, fuel, air or other liquids or solids from certain areas of aerospace vehicles or components.
(B) There are two categories of sealants:
(I) Extrudable/rollable/brushable sealants.
(II) Sprayable sealants.
(ii) For purposes of § 129.77 and Chapter 130, Subchapter D:
(A) A material with adhesive properties that is formulated primarily to fill, seal, waterproof or weatherproof gaps or joints between two surfaces.
(B) The term includes caulks.
Sealant for thermal spray aluminum specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, an epoxy coating applied to a thermal spray aluminum surface at a maximum film thickness of 1 dry mil.
Sealant primer—A product intended by the manufacturer for application to a substrate, prior to the application of a sealant, to enhance the bonding surface.
Seal coat maskant—A coating applied over a maskant on aerospace vehicles and components to improve abrasion and chemical resistance during production operations.
Sealer—A coating used to seal the pores of a wood substrate before additional coatings are applied.
Secondary emissions—(i) Emissions which occur as a result of the construction or operation of a major facility or major modification of a major facility, but do not come from the major facility or major modification itself. The secondary emissions must be specific, well defined, quantifiable and impact the same general area as the facility or modification which causes the secondary emissions.
(ii) The term includes emissions from an offsite support facility which would not be constructed or increase its emissions except as a result of the construction or operation of the major facility or major modification.
(iii) The term does not include emissions which come directly from a mobile source regulated under Title II of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § § 7521—7589).
Self-priming topcoat—A topcoat that is applied directly to an uncoated aerospace vehicle or component for purposes of corrosion prevention, environmental protection and functional fluid resistance. More than one layer of identical coating formulation may be applied to the vehicle or component. The coating is not subsequently topcoated with any other product formulation.
Semiaqueous cleaning solvent—A solution in which water is a primary ingredient (›60% by weight of the solvent solution as applied is water).
Sheet rubber installation—(i) The process of applying sheet rubber liners by hand to metal or plastic substrates to protect the underlying substrate from corrosion or abrasion.
(ii) The term includes laminating sheet rubber to fabric by hand.
Sheet-fed printing—A printing process in which individual sheets of substrate are fed sequentially to the printing press.
Ship—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a marine or freshwater vessel used for military or commercial operations.(i) The term includes the following:
(A) Barges.
(B) Commercial cargo and container vessels.
(C) Commercial passenger and cruise vessels.
(D) Dredges.
(E) Ferries.
(F) U.S. Military and U.S. Coast Guard vessels.
(G) Navigational aids like buoys.
(H) Patrol and pilot boats.
(I) Self-propelled vessels.
(J) Tankers.
(K) Vessels propelled by other craft such as barges.
(ii) The term does not include the following:
(A) Offshore oil and gas drilling platforms.
(B) Pleasure craft.
Shipbuilding and ship repair operation—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, the building, repair, repainting, converting or alteration of a ship.
Shutdown—For purposes of § § 129.301—129.310, the period of time during which a glass melting furnace is taken from an operational to a non-operational status by allowing it to cool down from its operating temperature to a cold or ambient temperature as the fuel supply is turned off.
Significant—(i) In reference to a net emissions increase or the potential of a facility to emit one of the following pollutants at a rate of emissions that would equal or exceed the following emissions rates except as specified in subparagraphs (ii)—(v):
Pollutant Emissions Rate Carbon monoxide (CO): 100 TPY Nitrogen oxides (NOx): 40 TPY Sulfur oxides (SOx): 40 TPY Ozone: 40 TPY of VOCs or 40 TPY of NOx Lead: 0.6 TPY PM-10: 15 TPY PM2.5: 10 TPY of PM2.5; 40 TPY of SO2; 40 TPY of VOCs; 40 TPY of ammonia; 40 TPY of NOx, unless the Department demonstrates to the EPA’s satisfaction or the EPA determines that the NOx emissions are not a significant contributor to PM2.5 nonattain- ment in the area. (ii) The emissions rate that is significant for VOCs in a serious or severe ozone nonattainment area is 25 TPY.
(iii) For purposes of applying Chapter 127, Subchapter E to the owner or operator of modifications at a major facility located in an ozone nonattainment area or in an ozone transport region that emits or has the potential to emit NOx, the emissions rate that is significant and other requirements for VOCs in subparagraphs (i) and (ii) apply to NOx emissions.
(iv) The emissions rate that is significant for CO in a serious nonattainment area is 50 TPY if the EPA has determined that the affected facility contributes significantly to CO levels in that area.
(v) The emissions rate that is significant for VOCs in an extreme nonattainment area for ozone is any amount above zero.
Significant emissions increase—For a regulated NSR pollutant, an increase in emissions that is significant as defined in this section for that pollutant.
Significant emissions unit—For purposes of the PAL requirements in § 127.218, an emissions unit that emits or has the potential to emit a PAL pollutant in an amount that is equal to or greater than the emissions rate that is significant as defined in this section or in the Clean Air Act for that PAL pollutant, whichever is lower, but less than the amount that would qualify the unit as a major facility as defined in this section.
Significant net emissions increase—For a regulated NSR pollutant, a net emissions increase that is significant as defined in this section.
Silicone insulation material—An insulating material applied to exterior metal surfaces of aerospace vehicles for protection from high temperatures caused by atmospheric friction or engine exhaust. These materials differ from ablative coatings in that they are not designed to be purposefully exposed to open flame or extreme heat and charred.
Simple cycle combustion turbine—A stationary combustion turbine which does not recover heat from the combustion turbine exhaust gases to preheat the inlet combustion air to the combustion turbine, or which does not recover heat from the combustion turbine exhaust gases for purposes other than enhancing the performance of the combustion turbine itself.
Single coat—One film of coating applied to a metal surface.
Single-ply roof membrane—A prefabricated single sheet of rubber or compounded synthetic material, including ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM), PVC, thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) or ketone ethylene ester (KEE), that is field applied to a building roof using one layer of membrane material.
Single-ply roof membrane adhesive primer—A primer labeled for use to clean and promote adhesion of the single-ply roof membrane seams or splices prior to bonding.
Single-ply roof membrane installation and repair adhesive—An adhesive labeled for use in the installation or repair of single-ply roof membrane. For purposes of this definition:(i) Installation includes, as a minimum, attaching the edge of the membrane to the edge of the roof and applying flashings to vents, pipes and ducts that protrude through the membrane.
(ii) Repair includes gluing the edges of torn membrane together, attaching a patch over a hole and reapplying flashings to vents, pipes or ducts installed through the membrane.
Single-ply roof membrane sealant—A sealant labeled for application to single-ply roof membrane.
Small emissions unit—For purposes of the PAL requirements in § 127.218, an emissions unit that emits or has the potential to emit the PAL pollutant in an amount less than the emissions rate that is significant for that PAL pollutant as defined in this section or in the Clean Air Act, whichever is lower.
Small gasoline storage tank—A tank from which gasoline is dispensed to motor vehicle gasoline tanks.
Solid fossil fuel—Petroleum coke, anthracite, bituminous coal and subbituminous coal.
Solid fossil fuel fired combustion unit—A combustion unit where more than 10% of the annual heat input is derived by combustion of solid fossil fuels.
Solids—The nonvolatile portion of the coating that after drying makes up the dry film.
Solid film lubricant—A very thin coating, applied to aerospace vehicles or components, consisting of a binder system which contains as its chief pigment material one or more of the following:(i) Molybdenum.
(ii) Graphite.
(iii) Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
(iv) Other solids that act as a dry lubricant between faying surfaces.
Solvent—Organic compounds which are liquid at standard conditions and which are used as diluents, thinners, dissolvers, viscosity reducers, cleaning agents or other related uses.
Solvent/air interface—For a vapor cleaning machine, the location of contact between the concentrated solvent layer and the air. This location of contact is the midline height of the primary condenser coils. For a cold cleaning machine, the location of contact between the liquid solvent and the air.
Solvent cleaning machine—(i) A device or piece of equipment that uses solvent liquid or vapor to remove contaminants, such as dirt, grease and oil from the surfaces of materials.
(ii) Types of solvent cleaning machines include:
(A) Batch vapor cleaning machines.
(B) In-line vapor cleaning machines.
(C) Immersion cold cleaning machines.
(D) Remote reservoir cold cleaning machines.
(E) Airless cleaning systems.
(F) Air-tight cleaning systems.
Solvent cleaning machine automated parts handling system—A mechanical device that carries all parts and parts baskets at a controlled speed from the initial loading of soiled or wet parts through the removal of the cleaned or dried parts.
Solvent cleaning machine down time—The period when a solvent cleaning machine is not cleaning parts and the sump heating coils, if present, are turned off.
Solvent vapor zone—For a vapor cleaning machine, the area that extends from the liquid solvent surface to the level that solvent vapor is condensed. This level is defined as the midline height of the primary condenser coils.
Source—An air contamination source.
Southeast Pennsylvania air basin—The counties of Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery and Philadelphia.
Space vehicle—A manmade device, either manned or unmanned, designed for operation beyond earth’s atmosphere.(i) The term includes integral equipment, such as models, mock-ups, prototypes, molds, jigs, tooling, hardware jackets and test coupons.
(ii) The term also includes auxiliary equipment associated with test, transport and storage, that through contamination can compromise the space vehicle performance.
Special marking specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a coating that is used for safety or identification applications, such as ship numbers and markings on flight decks.
Specialty coating—(i) For purposes of § 129.73, a coating applied to aerospace vehicles or components that, even though it meets the definition of a primer, topcoat or self-priming topcoat, has additional performance criteria beyond those of primers, topcoats and self-priming topcoats for specific applications. These performance criteria include temperature or fire resistance, substrate compatibility, antireflection, temporary protection or marking, sealing, adhesively joining substrates or enhanced corrosion protection.
(ii) For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, a coating that is manufactured or used for one of the specialized shipbuilding and ship repair coating applications listed in Table I, coating categories 12(ii)(a)—(v).
Specialty interior coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a coating used on an interior surface aboard a U.S. military vessel that is required to meet specified fire retardant and low toxicity requirements in addition to the other applicable military physical and performance requirements.
Specialized function coating—A coating applied to aerospace vehicles or components that fulfills extremely specific engineering requirements that are limited in application and are characterized by low volume usage. This category excludes coatings included in other specialty coating categories.
Spray gun—A device that atomizes a coating or other material and projects the particulates or other material onto a substrate.
Stage I enhanced vapor recovery system—A Phase I vapor recovery system for which a CARB Executive Order has been issued certifying that it meets the enhanced vapor recovery system standards specified in the CARB CP-201, ‘‘Certification Procedure for Vapor Recovery Systems at Gasoline Dispensing Facilities.’’
Stage I vapor recovery system—(i) Equipment and components that control the emission of gasoline vapors during the transfer of gasoline from a gasoline tank truck to a gasoline storage tank at a gasoline dispensing facility by returning the vapors to the gasoline tank truck.
(ii) Equipment and components that control the emission of gasoline vapors during the storage of gasoline at a gasoline dispensing facility.
(iii) The term includes a Phase I vapor recovery system and a Stage I enhanced vapor recovery system.
Stage II vacuum assist vapor recovery system—A Stage II vapor recovery system that creates a vacuum to assist the movement of vapors back into the gasoline storage tank for storage or processing.
Stage II vapor balance vapor recovery system—A Stage II vapor recovery system that uses direct displacement to collect or process vapors at a gasoline dispensing facility.
Stage II vapor recovery system—(i) Equipment and components that control vapors during the transfer of gasoline from a gasoline storage tank at a gasoline dispensing facility to a motor vehicle fuel tank and during the storage of gasoline at a gasoline dispensing facility.
(ii) The term includes a Phase II vapor recovery system, a Stage II vacuum assist vapor recovery system and a Stage II vapor balance vapor recovery system.
Stain—For purposes of wood furniture manufacturing operations under § § 129.101—129.107, a color coat having a solids content by weight of no more than 8.0% that is applied in single or multiple coats directly to the substrate. The term includes nongrain raising stains, equalizer stains, sap stains, body stains, no-wipe stains, penetrating stains and toners.
Standard conditions—Seventy degrees fahrenheit and 14.7 pounds per square inch absolute pressure.
Start-up—For purposes of § § 129.301—129.310, the period of time, after initial construction, shutdown or cold shutdown, during which a glass melting furnace is heated to stable operating temperature by the primary furnace combustion system, and systems and instrumentation are brought to stabilization.
Stationary combustion turbine—Equipment, including the turbine, fuel, air, lubrication and exhaust gas systems, control systems (except emissions control equipment), heat recovery system, and ancillary components and subcomponents comprising a simple cycle combustion turbine, a regenerative or recuperative cycle combustion turbine, a combined cycle combustion turbine, and a combined heat and power combustion turbine-based system. The equipment is not self-propelled or intended to be propelled while performing its function. The equipment may be mounted on a vehicle for portability.
Stationary internal combustion engine or stationary reciprocating internal combustion engine—(i) An internal combustion engine which uses reciprocating motion to convert heat energy into mechanical work and which is not mobile.
(ii) The term does not include the following:
(A) A combustion turbine.
(B) A nonroad engine as defined in 40 CFR 1068.30 (relating to what definitions apply to this part), excluding paragraph (2)(ii) of this definition.
(C) An engine used to propel a motor vehicle, an aircraft or a vehicle used solely for competition.
(D) A portable temporary source such as an air compressor or generator.
Stockpiling—The act of placing, storing and removing materials on piles exposed to the outdoor atmosphere. Placing refers to the deposition of material onto the pile. Removing refers to disturbing the pile either for loading of material into or onto vehicles for transportation purposes or for material handling. Material that is not to be utilized in the production of a product or is not itself a useful product is excluded from the definition of stockpile material. Operations which consist entirely of transferring material between different transportation conveyances are also excluded from this definition.
Storage tank system—The term has the meaning as defined in § 245.1 (relating to definitions).
Strippable spray booth coating—A coating that meets the following requirements:(i) Is applied to a spray booth wall to provide a protective film to receive overspray during a surface coating process including wood furniture manufacturing operations.
(ii) Is subsequently peeled off and disposed.
(iii) Reduces or eliminates the need to use solvents to clean spray booth walls by meeting the conditions of subparagraphs (i) and (ii).
Structural autoclavable adhesive—An adhesive, cured by heat and pressure in an autoclave, that is used to bond load carrying aerospace components.
Structural glazing adhesive—An adhesive intended by the manufacturer to apply glass, ceramic, metal, stone or composite panels to exterior building frames.
Structural nonautoclavable adhesive—An adhesive that is cured under ambient conditions that is used to bond load carrying aerospace components or other critical functions, such as nonstructural bonding in the proximity of engines.
Subfloor installation—The installation of subflooring material over floor joists, including the construction of load bearing joists. Subflooring material is covered by a finish surface material.
Substrate—The surface onto which a coating is applied or into which a coating is impregnated.
Superheated vapor system—A system that heats the solvent vapor to a temperature 10° F above the solvent’s boiling point. Parts are held in the superheated vapor before exiting the machine to evaporate the liquid solvent on the parts.
Surface active agents—Finishing agents, sulfonated oils and textile assistants included under Standard Industrial Classification Code 2843.
Surface coating process—The application and solidification of a coating onto or into a substrate as the substrate proceeds through the equipment and activities of the manufacturing process.
Surface preparation solvent—A solvent used to remove dirt, oil and other contaminants from a substrate prior to the application of an adhesive, sealant, adhesive primer or sealant primer.
Synthesized pharmaceutical manufacturing—Manufacture of pharmaceutical products by chemical synthesis.
Synthetic minor facility—An air contamination source subject to Federally enforceable conditions that limit the facility’s potential to emit to less than the major facility thresholds specified in the definition of ‘‘Title V facility.’’
TPY—Tons per year.
Tack specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a thin film epoxy coating applied at a maximum film thickness of 2 dry mils to prepare an epoxy coating that has dried beyond the time limit specified by the manufacturer for the application of the next coat.
Tank car—A rail car which is used for transporting liquids in bulk in an unpackaged form.
Temporary protective coating—A coating applied to provide scratch or corrosion protection during manufacturing, storage or transportation of aerosapce vehicles or components.(i) The term includes peelable protective coatings and alkaline removable coatings. These materials are not intended to protect against strong acid or alkaline solutions.
(ii) The term does not include coatings that provide protection from acid or alkaline chemical processing.
Terminal—(i) A facility which is capable of receiving commercial fuel oil or gasoline in bulk, that is, by pipeline, barge, ship or other transport, and at which commercial fuel oil or gasoline is sold or transferred into trucks for transportation to retail outlets or wholesale purchaser-consumer’s facilities or ultimate consumers.
(ii) The term includes bulk gasoline terminals and bulk gasoline plants.
(iii) For purposes of Chapter 126, Subchapter A (relating to oxygenate content), the terminal does not have to be physically located in the control area.
Thermal control coating—A coating formulated with specific thermal conductive or radiative properties to permit temperature control of the aerospace vehicle or component substrate.
Thin metal laminating adhesive—An adhesive intended by the manufacturer for use in bonding multiple layers of metal to metal or metal to plastic in the production of electronic or magnetic components in which the thickness of the bond line is less than 0.25 mils.
Thin particleboard—Particleboard that has a thickness of 1/4 inch or less.
Thinner—(i) A volatile liquid that is used to dilute coatings (to reduce viscosity, color strength or solids content or to modify drying conditions).
(ii) For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, a liquid that is used to reduce the viscosity of a coating and that evaporates before or during the cure of a film.
(iii) The term includes diluent, makeup solvent, thinning solvent or reducer.
Thinning ratio—The volumetric ratio of thinner to coating, as supplied.
Tileboard—A premium interior wall paneling product made of hardboard that is used in high moisture areas of the home, including kitchens and bathrooms, and which meets the specifications for Class I hardboard approved by the American National Standards Institute.
Tire repair—A process that includes both of the following steps:(i) Expanding a hole, tear, fissure or blemish in a tire casing by grinding or gouging.
(ii) Applying adhesive and filling the expanded hole, tear, fissure or blemish with rubber.
Tire tread adhesive—An adhesive intended by the manufacturer for one or more of the following applications:(i) To the back of precure tread rubber and to the casing and cushion rubber.
(ii) To seal buffed tire casings to prevent oxidation while the tire is being prepared for a new tread.
Title V facility—A stationary air contamination source, or a group of stationary sources, located on one or more contiguous or adjacent properties, which are under common control of the same person (or persons under common control), belonging to a single major industrial grouping and that are described in subparagraph (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv). For the purposes of this definition, a stationary source or group of stationary sources will be considered part of a single industrial grouping if the air contaminant emitting activities at the source or group of sources on contiguous or adjacent properties belong to the same major group, that is, all have the same two-digit code, as described in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987.(i) A major stationary source under section 112 of the Clean Air Act, which is defined as one of the following:
(A) For air contaminants other than radionuclides, a stationary source or group of stationary sources located within a contiguous area and under common control that emits or has the potential to emit, in the aggregate, 10 tons per year (tpy) or more of any hazardous air pollutant, including any fugitive emissions of the pollutant, which has been listed under section 112(b) of the Clean Air Act, 25 tpy or more of a combination of the hazardous air pollutants, including any fugitive emissions of the pollutants, or the lesser quantity as the Administrator of the EPA may establish by regulations promulgated under the Clean Air Act. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, emissions from an oil or gas exploration or production well, with its associated equipment and emissions from a pipeline compressor or pump station may not be aggregated with emissions from other similar units, whether or not the units are in a contiguous area or under common control, to determine whether the units or stations are a major source.
(B) For radionuclides, the meaning specified by the Administrator of the EPA in regulations promulgated under the Clean Air Act.
(ii) A major stationary source of air pollutants, as defined in section 302 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7602), that directly emits or has the potential to emit, 100 tpy or more of any air contaminant, including a major source of fugitive emissions of the pollutant, as determined by regulations established under the Clean Air Act. The fugitive emissions of a stationary source may not be considered in determining whether it is a major stationary source for the purposes of section 302(j) of the Clean Air Act, unless the source belongs to one or more of the following categories of stationary source:
(A) Coal cleaning plants, with thermal dryers.
(B) Kraft pulp mills.
(C) Portland cement plants.
(D) Primary zinc smelters.
(E) Iron and steel mills.
(F) Primary aluminum ore reduction plants.
(G) Primary copper smelters.
(H) Municipal incinerators capable of charging more than 250 tons of refuse per day.
(I) Hydrofluoric, sulfuric or nitric acid plants.
(J) Petroleum refineries.
(K) Lime plants.
(L) Phosphate rock processing plants.
(M) Coke oven batteries.
(N) Sulfur recovery plants.
(O) Carbon black plants, furnace process.
(P) Primary lead smelters.
(Q) Fuel conversion plants.
(R) Sintering plants.
(S) Secondary metal production plants.
(T) Chemical process plants.
(U) Fossil-fuel boilers, or combination thereof, totaling more than 250 million Btus per hour heat input.
(V) Petroleum storage and transfer units with a total storage capacity exceeding 300,000 barrels.
(W) Taconite ore processing plants.
(X) Glass fiber processing plants.
(Y) Charcoal production plants.
(Z) Fossil-fuel-fired steam electric plants of more than 250 million Btus per hour heat input.
(AA) Other stationary source categories regulated by a standard promulgated under section 111 or 112 of the Clean Air Act, but only with respect to air contaminants that have been regulated for that category, when required by the Clean Air Act or the regulations thereunder.
(iii) A major stationary source as defined in Title I, Part D of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § § 7501—7515), including:
(A) For ozone nonattainment areas, sources with the potential to emit 100 tpy or more of VOCs or NOx in areas classified as ‘‘marginal’’ or ‘‘moderate,’’ 50 tpy or more in areas classified as ‘‘serious,’’ 25 tpy or more in areas classified as ‘‘severe’’ and 10 tpy or more in areas classified as ‘‘extreme.’’
(B) For ozone transport regions established under section 184 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § 7511c), sources with the potential to emit 50 tpy or more, of VOCs or 100 tpy or more of oxides of NOx.
(C) For carbon monoxide nonattainment areas that are classified as ‘‘serious,’’ and in which stationary sources contribute significantly to carbon monoxide levels as determined under rules issued by the Administrator of the EPA, sources with the potential to emit 50 tpy or more of carbon monoxide.
(D) For particulate matter (PM-10) nonattainment areas classified as ‘‘serious,’’ sources with the potential to emit 70 tpy or more of PM-10.
(iv) A source located at a facility that does not meet the requirements of subparagraphs (i)—(iii) after the Administrator of the EPA completes a rulemaking requiring regulation of those sources under Title V of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § § 7661—7661f).
Title V permit—An operating permit issued by the Department to a Title V facility.
Title V regulated air pollutant—For purposes of the requirements of Title V of the Clean Air Act, the term means one or more of the following:(i) NOx or VOCs.
(ii) An air contaminant for which a National ambient air quality standard has been promulgated.
(iii) An air contaminant that is subject to a standard promulgated under section 111 of the Clean Air Act.
(iv) A Class I or II substance subject to a standard promulgated under or established by Title VI of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. § § 7671—7671g).
(v) An air contaminant subject to a standard promulgated under section 112 or other requirements established under section 112 of the Clean Air Act, including subsections (g), (j) and (r), including the following:
(A) An air contaminant subject to requirements under section 112(j) of the Clean Air Act. If the Administrator of the EPA fails to promulgate a standard by the date established under section 112(e) of the Clean Air Act, an air contaminant for which a subject source would be major shall be considered to be regulated on the date 18 months after the applicable date established under section 112(e) of the Clean Air Act.
(B) An air contaminant for which the requirements of section 112(g)(2) of the Clean Air Act have been met, but only with respect to the individual source subject to a section 112(g)(2) requirement.
Topcoat—The last film-building coating that is applied, in one or more layers, to wood furniture or a wood furniture component substrate in a surface coating process. The term does not include nonpermanent final finishes.
Topside emissions—An air contaminant emitted from any point on the coke oven topside, excluding charging and pushing emissions.
Touch-up and repair—The application of coatings to cover minor finishing imperfections.
Tradable renewable certificate—A certificate issued by a tradable renewable certificate issuing body in recognition of renewable energy generation. A certificate represents a specific amount of electricity or thermal power equivalent that was generated.
Tradable renewable certificate issuing body—An entity approved by the Department to issue and account for tradable renewable certificates in accordance with a protocol consistent with the laws and renewable energy programs of the Commonwealth.
Traffic marking tape—Preformed reflective film intended by the manufacturer for application to public streets, highways and other surfaces, including curbs, berms, driveways and parking lots.
Traffic marking tape adhesive primer—A primer intended by the manufacturer for application to surfaces prior to installation of traffic marking tape.
Transferee—(i) A person who is the recipient of a sale or transfer.
(ii) For purposes of § 123.22, the term includes the following:
(A) Terminal owner or operator
(B) Carrier.
(C) Distributor.
(D) Retail outlet owner or operator.
(E) Ultimate consumer.
Transfer efficiency—The ratio of the amount of coating solids deposited onto the surface of a coated part to the amount of coating solids used expressed as a percentage.
Transferor—(i) A person who initiates a sale or transfer.
(ii) For purposes of § 123.22, the term includes the following:
(A) Refinery owner or operator.
(B) Terminal owner or operator.
(C) Carrier.
(D) Distributor.
(E) Retail outlet owner or operator.
Transitional low emission vehicle—A vehicle certified as a transitional low emission vehicle under the Clean Air Act.
Tread end cement—The application of a solvent-based cement to the tire tread ends.
Type I chemical etchant—A chemical milling etchant which contains varying amounts of dissolved sulfur but which does not contain amines.
Type I chemical milling maskant—A coating that is applied directly to aluminum aerospace vehicles and components to protect surface areas when chemically milling the aerospace vehicle or component with a Type I etchant.
Type II chemical etchant—A chemical milling etchant that is a strong sodium hydroxide solution containing amines.
Type II chemical milling maskant—A coating that is applied directly to aluminum aerospace vehicles and components to protect surface areas when chemically milling the aerospace vehicle or component with a Type II etchant.
UMI—The term has the meaning as defined under the term ‘‘certification categories’’ in § 245.1.
UMX—The term has the meaning as defined under the term ‘‘certification categories’’ in § 245.1.
Ullage—The empty volume of a gasoline storage tank system that contains liquid gasoline, expressed as accumulated gallons of empty volume for all gasoline storage tanks in the manifold system.
Ultimate consumer—With respect to a commercial fuel oil transfer or purchase, the last person, facility owner or operator or entity who in good faith receives the commercial fuel oil for the purpose of using it in a combustion unit or for purposes other than resale.
Ultimate purchaser—With respect to any new motor vehicle or new motor vehicle engine, the first person who in good faith purchases a new motor vehicle or new motor vehicle engine for purposes other than resale.
Ultra low emission vehicle—A vehicle certified as an ultra low emission vehicle under the Clean Air Act.
Underground storage tank—The term has the meaning as defined in § 245.1.
Undersea-based weapons systems components—The fabrication of parts, parts assembly or completed units of a portion of a missile launching system used on undersea ships.
Undersea weapons systems specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12, a coating applied to a component of a weapons system intended to be launched or fired from under the surface of the sea.
Undertread cementing—The application of a solvent-based cement to the underside of a tire tread.
Upper Beaver Valley air basin—The following political subdivisions in Lawrence County: Bessemer Borough, Ellport Borough, Ellwood City Borough, Enon Valley Borough, Little Beaver Township, New Beaver Borough, City of New Castle, North Beaver Township, Shenango Township, South New Castle Borough, Taylor Township, Wampum Borough and Wayne Township.
VOC composite vapor pressure—The sum of the partial pressures of the compounds defined as VOCs and is determined by the following calculation: {PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorPP{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorc µ= {PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element erroriµ=1{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorn{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorW{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errori {PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorMW{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errori x VP {PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errori {PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorW{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorw {PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorMW{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorw [plus ] {PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element erroriµ=1{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorn{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorW{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errore {PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorMW{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errore [plus ] {PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element erroriµ=1{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorn{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorW{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errori {PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element errorMW{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element error{PaCodeERROR}Unknown Element erroriwhere:
Wi = Weight of the ‘‘i’’th VOC compound, grams.
Ww = Weight of water, grams.
We = Weight of non-HAP, non-VOC compound, grams.
MWi = molecular weight of the ‘‘i’’th VOC compound, G/G-mole.
MWw = Molecular weight of water, G/G-mole.
MWe = Molecular weight of exempt compound, G/G-mole.
PPc = VOC composite partial pressure at 20°C, mmHg.
VPi = Vapor pressure of the ‘‘i’’th VOC compound at 20°C, mmHg.
VOC—volatile organic compound—An organic compound which participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions; that is, an organic compound other than those which the Administrator of the EPA designates in 40 CFR 51.100 (relating to definitions) as having negligible photochemical reactivity.
Valves not externally regulated—Valves that have no external controls, such as in-line check valves.
Vapor balance system—A vapor transport system which directs the vapors from the vessel being loaded into either a vessel being unloaded or a vapor control system or vapor holding tank.
Vapor cleaning machine—(i) A solvent cleaning machine that boils liquid solvent, generating a vapor that is used as part of the cleaning or drying cycle.
(ii) The term does not include machines which do not have a solvent/air interface, such as airless and air-tight cleaning systems.
Vapor cleaning machine primary condenser—A series of circumferential cooling coils on a vapor cleaning machine through which a chilled substance is circulated or recirculated to provide continuous condensation of rising solvent vapors, thereby creating a concentrated vapor zone.
Vapor disposal system—A system that is designed to control the release of VOCs displaced from a vessel during transfer of gasoline.
Vapor pressure—The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its solid or liquid phase.
Vapor up control switch—A thermostatically controlled switch which shuts off or prevents condensate from being sprayed when there is no vapor. On in-line vapor cleaning machines, the switch also prevents the conveyor from operating when there is no vapor.
Varnish—For purposes of § 129.67b, an unpigmented offset lithographic ink which is used or applied on an offset lithographic printing press in the same manner as a pigmented offset lithographic ink. The term includes a heatset varnish, sheet-fed varnish and non-heatset varnish.
Vehicle—A highway vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine with fewer than nine seating positions for adults.
Vintage or vintage year—The calendar year assigned to an allowance by the issuing authority that designates the first year in which it is valid to be applied against emissions.
Vinyl coating—Application of a decorative or protective topcoat on vinyl sheets.
Waferboard—A structural material made from rectangular wood flakes of controlled length and thickness bonded together with waterproof phenolic resin under extreme heat and pressure. The layers of flakes are not oriented.
Washcoat—Clear liquids having a solids content by weight of 12% or less, applied over stains and toners to protect the color coats and to set the fibers for subsequent sanding or to separate spray stains from wiping stains to enhance color depth.
Washoff operations—Operations in which solvent is used to remove coating from a substrate.
Wastewater separator—A holding area for waste liquids in which waste materials are separated from water by gravity.
Water-based sprays—Release compounds, sprayed on the inside and outside of green tires, in which solids, water and emulsifiers have been substituted for organic solvents.
Waterborne coating—A coating that contains more than 5% water by weight in its volatile fraction.
Waterborne (water-reducible) coating—A coating that contains more than 5% water by weight in its volatile fraction, as applied.
Waterproof resorcinol glue—A two-part resorcinol-resin-based adhesive designed for applications where the bond line must be resistant to conditions of continuous immersion in fresh or salt water.
Waxy, heavy-pour crude oil—A crude oil with a pour point of 50°F or higher as determined by the American Society of Testing and Materials Standard D 97-66, ‘‘Test for Pour Point of Petroleum Oils.’’
Web printing——A printing process in which continuous rolls of substrate material are fed to the printing press and rewound or cut to size after printing.
Weld-through preconstruction primer specialty coating—For purposes of shipbuilding and ship repair coatings under § 129.52, Table I, category 12:(i) A coating that:
(A) Provides corrosion protection for steel during inventory.
(B) Is typically applied at less than 1 mil dry film thickness.
(C) Is temperature resistant (burn back from a weld is less than 1.25 centimeters (0.5 inch)).
(D) Does not require removal prior to welding.
(E) Does not normally require removal before applying film-building coatings, including an inorganic zinc (high-build) primer specialty coating.
(ii) When constructing new vessels, there may be a need to remove areas of this type of coating due to surface damage or contamination prior to application of film-building coatings.
Wet fastener installation coating—A primer or sealant applied to aerospace vehicles or components by dipping, brushing or daubing on fasteners which are installed before the coating is cured.
Wholesale purchaser-consumer—An organization that is an ultimate consumer of gasoline which purchases or obtains gasoline from a supplier for use in motor vehicles and receives delivery of that product into a storage tank of at least 550-gallon capacity substantially under the control of that organization.
Wing coating—A corrosion-resistant topcoat applied to aerospace vehicles or components that is resilient enough to withstand the flexing of the wings.
Wood furniture—A product made of wood, a wood product such as rattan or wicker or an engineered wood product such as particleboard that is manufactured under the following Standard Industrial Classification Codes: 2434 (Wood kitchen cabinets), 2511 (Wood household furniture, except upholstered), 2512 (Wood household furniture, upholstered), 2517 (Wood television, radio, phonograph, and sewing machine cabinets), 2519 (Household furniture, not elsewhere classified), 2521 (Wood office furniture), 2531 (Public building and related furniture), 2541 (Wood office and store fixtures, partitions, shelving, and lockers), 2599 (Furniture and fixtures, not elsewhere classified) or 5712 (Furniture stores).
Wood furniture component—A part that is used in the manufacture of wood furniture. The term includes drawer sides, cabinet doors, seat cushions and laminated tops.
Wood furniture manufacturing operations—The coating, cleaning and washoff operations associated with the production of wood furniture or wood furniture components.
Working mode cover—A cover or solvent cleaning machine design that allows the cover to shield the cleaning machine openings from outside air disturbances while parts are being cleaned in the cleaning machine. A cover that is used during the working mode is opened only during parts entry and removal.
York air basin—The political subdivisions in York County of Manchester Township, North York Borough, Spring Garden Township, Springettsbury Township, West Manchester Township, West York Borough and City of York.
Authority The provisions of this § 121.1 issued under section 1920-A of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P.S. § 510-20); amended under the Air Pollution Control Act (35 P.S. § § 4001—4015).
Source The provisions of this § 121.1 adopted September 10, 1971, effective September 11, 1971, 1 Pa.B. 1804; amended March 3, 1972, effective March 20, 1972, 2 Pa.B. 383; amended August 12, 1977, effective August 29, 1977, 7 Pa.B. 2251; corrected August 20, 1977, effective August 29, 1977, 7 Pa.B. 2348; amended August 4, 1978, effective October 1, 1978, 8 Pa.B. 2163; amended April 27, 1979, effective April 28, 1979, 9 Pa.B. 1447; corrected May 11, 1979, effective April 28, 1979, 9 Pa.B. 1534; amended June 22, 1979, effective July 1, 1979, 9 Pa.B. 1935; amended June 29, 1979, effective July 1, 1979, 9 Pa.B. 2150; corrected July 20, 1979, effective July 1, 1979, 9 Pa.B. 2393; amended September 26, 1980, effective September 27, 1980, 10 Pa.B. 3788; amended November 7, 1980, effective January 1, 1981, 10 Pa.B. 4296; amended June 19, 1981, effective June 20, 1981, 11 Pa.B. 2118; amended August 12, 1983, effective August 13, 1983, 13 Pa.B. 2478; amended May 6, 1988, effective May 7, 1988, 18 Pa.B. 2098; amended May 13, 1988, effective May 14, 1988, 18 Pa.B. 2204; amended March 17, 1989, effective March 18, 1989, 19 Pa.B. 1169; amended October 19, 1990, effective October 20, 1990, 20 Pa.B. 5289; amended October 26, 1990, effective October 27, 1990, 20 Pa.B. 5416; amended August 2, 1991, effective August 3, 1991, 21 Pa.B. 3406; amended September 28, 1991, effective September 29, 1991, 21 Pa.B. 4400; amended February 7, 1992, effective February 8, 1992, 22 Pa.B. 585; amended August 28, 1992, effective August 29, 1992, 22 Pa.B. 4424; corrected October 23, 1992, effective August 29, 1992, 22 Pa.B. 5249; amended January 14, 1994, effective January 15, 1994, 24 Pa.B. 443; amended January 28, 1994, effective January 29, 1994, 24 Pa.B. 693; amended November 25, 1994, effective November 26, 1994, 24 Pa.B. 5899; amended August 18, 1995, effective August 19, 1995, 25 Pa.B. 3453; amended October 31, 1997, effective November 1, 1997, 27 Pa.B. 5601, 5683; amended December 26, 1997, effective December 27, 1997, 27 Pa.B. 6804; amended December 4, 1998, effective December 5, 1998, 28 Pa.B. 5973; amended April 9, 1999, effective April 10, 1999, 29 Pa.B. 1879; amended October 1, 1999, effective October 2, 1999, 29 Pa.B. 5089; amended November 24, 1999, effective November 27, 1999, 29 Pa.B. 6003; corrected December 10, 1999, effective April 10, 1999, 29 Pa.B. 6241; amended March 10, 2000, effective March 11, 2000, 30 Pa.B. 1370; amended June 9, 2000, effective June 10, 2000, 30 Pa.B. 2995; corrected October 20, 2000, effective April 10, 1999, 30 Pa.B. 5447; corrected August 3, 2001, effective April 10, 1999, 31 Pa.B. 4171; amended December 21, 2001, effective December 22, 2001, 31 Pa.B. 6921; amended May 10, 2002, effective May 11, 2002, 32 Pa.B. 2327; amended December 10, 2004, effective December 11, 2004, 34 Pa.B. 6509; corrected April 15, 2005, effective March 2, 2002, 35 Pa.B. 2278; as amended December 8, 2006, effective December 9, 2006, 36 Pa.B. 7424; amended May 18, 2007, effective May 19, 2007, 37 Pa.B. 2365; amended April 11, 2008, effective April 12, 2008, 38 Pa.B. 1705; amended June 18, 2010, effective June 19, 2010, 40 Pa.B. 3328; amended October 1, 2010, effective October 2, 2010, 40 Pa.B. 5571; amended November 19, 2010, effective November 20, 2010, 40 Pa.B. 6646; amended December 17, 2010, effective December 18, 2010, 40 Pa.B. 7224; amended December 24, 2010, effective December 25, 2010, 40 Pa.B. 7340; amended September 2, 2011, effective September 3, 2011, 41 Pa.B. 4761; amended July 13, 2012, effective July 14, 2012, 42 Pa.B. 4459; amended February 8, 2013, effective February 9, 2013, 43 Pa.B. 806; amended April 11, 2014, effective April 12, 2014, 44 Pa.B. 2236; amended June 27, 2014, effective June 28, 2014, 44 Pa.B. 3929; amended April 22, 2016, effective April 23, 2016, 46 Pa.B. 2036; amended August 10, 2018, effective August 11, 2018, 48 Pa.B. 4814; amended December 20, 2019, effective December 21, 2019, 49 Pa.B. 7404; amended January 15, 2021, effective January 16, 2021, 51 Pa.B. 283; amended March 25, 2022, effective March 26, 2022, 52 Pa.B. 1875; amended November 11, 2022, effective November 12, 2022, 52 Pa.B. 6960; amended December 9, 2022, effective December 10, 2022, 52 Pa.B. 7587; amended January 20, 2023, effective January 21, 2023, 53 Pa.B. 465. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (411963) to (411964), (372307) to (372310), (411965) to (411968), (372317), (411621) to (411624), (371637) to (371638), (409015) to (409016), (371643) to (371644), (411969) to (411970), (372323) to (372326), (380357) to (380358), (409019) to (409020), (411627) to (411630), (372335) to (372336), (411971) to (411972), (409023) to (409025), (399887) to (399888), (411973) to (411974), (380365) to (380366), (399891) to (399892), (409027) to (409028), (409031), (365499) to (365500), (409033) to (409034) and (411975) to (411978).
Cross References This section cited in 25 Pa. Code § 123.44 (relating to limitations of visible fugitive air contaminants from operation of any coke oven battery); 25 Pa. Code § 126.101 (relating to general); 25 Pa. Code Ch. 126 Appendix A (relating to target areas for the Philadelphia Severe Ozone Nonattainment Area); 25 Pa. Code § 127.102 (relating to general requirements); 25 Pa. Code § 127.704 (relating to Title V operating permit fees under Subchapter G); 25 Pa. Code § 127.705 (relating to emission fees); 25 Pa. Code § 129.71a (relating to control of VOC emissions from the synthetic organic chemical manufacturing industry—air oxidation, distillation and reactor processes); 25 Pa. Code § 129.73 (relating to aerospace manufacturing and rework); 25 Pa. Code § 129.122 (relating to definitions, acronyms and EPA methods); 25 Pa. Code § 129.132 (relating to definitions, acronyms and EPA methods); 25 Pa. Code § 129.303 (relating to exemptions); 25 Pa. Code § 129.308 (relating to compliance determination); 25 Pa. Code § 145.113 (relating to standard requirements); 25 Pa. Code § 145.143 (relating to standard requirements); 25 Pa. Code § 271.1 (relating to definitions); 25 Pa. Code § 283.218 (relating to air resources protection); 25 Pa. Code § 287.1 (relating to definitions); and 25 Pa. Code § 287.102 (relating to permit-by-rule).
Notes of Decisions Particulate Matter
While fugitive air contaminants are not excluded from the definition of particulate matter, fugitive air contaminants are not defined in terms of particulate matter only, thus neither term subsumed the other with regard to the material emitted. Department of Environmental Resources v. Locust Point Quarries, Inc., 396 A.2d 1205 (Pa. 1979).
As defined in this section, particulate matter was not distinguishable from fugitive emissions. Department of Environmental Resources v. Locust Point Quarries Inc., 367 A.2d 392 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1976).
No part of the information on this site may be reproduced for profit or sold for profit.
This material has been drawn directly from the official Pennsylvania Code full text database. Due to the limitations of HTML or differences in display capabilities of different browsers, this version may differ slightly from the official printed version.
