§ 27.13. Distribution of light.
(a) Lights and lighting fixtures shall be installed with regard to height, spacing, reflectors or other accessories to secure a good distribution of light on the work and to avoid objectionable shadows and excessively sharper contrasts.
(b) Lighting standards are as follows:
(1) The Illuminating Engineering Society Lighting Handbook (current edition) shall be used as a standard for lighting within this Commonwealth, I.E.S. recommended minimum lighting levels shall be used with a 20% reduction allowed, provided quality lighting is retained to assure proper visibility on the task. Typical examples of lighting levels are indicated in § 27.15 (a) (relating to intensity of illumination).
(2) Visual Comfort Probability (V.C.P.) reports shall be submitted for all typical types of areas in question. The report shall reflect the design foot-candle level and the actual area dimensions while maintaining a minimum V.C.P. of 70 for those particular parameters.
(3) Any Light Loss Factor (L.L.F.) used for design calculations that is greater than .70 shall be documented by luminaire and lamp manufacturer’s test data and submitted for consideration in the approving authority.
(4) Veiling reflections which are reflections from the very task itself that cause a loss of contrast between the task and its immediate surroundings shall be limited to a minimum. This approach to proper lighting design known as equivalent-sphere-illumination (E.S.I.) shall be considered to obtain as high an E.S.I. foot-candle level as possible.
(5) As special requirements, new construction, modernization or major renovations of hospitals, nursing homes and related facilities need not comply with the standards listed in this subsection but shall comply with those standards required by the United States Department of Health, Education and Welfare (DHEW) and approved by the Pennsylvania Department of Health or the Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare, or both, as required.
(c) Visual Comfort Probability (V.C.P.) reports shall be submitted for all typical types of areas in question. The report shall reflect the design footcandle level and the actual area dimensions while maintaining a minimum V.C.P. of 70 for those particular parameters.
(d) Maintenance factors used for design calculations shall be as documented by the fixture manufacturer through an independent testing laboratory.
(e) Veiling reflections which are reflections from the very task itself that cause a loss of contrast between the task and its immediate surroundings shall be limited to a minimum. This approach to proper lighting design known as equivalent-sphere-illumination (E.S.I.) shall be considered to obtain as high an E.S.I. footcandle level as possible.
(f) New construction, modernization or major renovations of hospitals, nursing homes and related facilities need not comply with the standards listed in this section but shall comply with those standards required by the United States Department of Health, Education and Welfare (DHEW) and approved by the Pennsylvania Department of Health or the Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare, or both, as required.
Source The provisions of this § 27.13 amended January 27, 1978, 8 Pa.B. 252. Immediately preceding text appears at serial page (8447).
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