Subchapter E. APPRAISAL MANAGEMENT COMPANIES
GENERAL PROVISIONS
36.401. Definitions.
36.402. Applicability of general rules.
36.403. Application procedures.
36.404. Content of application.
36.405. Fees.
REGISTRATION
36.411. Qualifications for registration as appraisal management company.
36.412. Qualifications of owners and key persons.
36.413. Qualifications of compliance person.
36.414. Reporting change of information.
36.415. Requirements for exempt company.
RENEWAL OF REGISTRATION
36.421. Expiration of registration.
36.422. Early termination of registration.
36.423. Duration and validity of registration.
36.424. Renewal of registration.
STANDARDS OF PRACTICE
36.431. Compliance with USPAP.
36.432. Verification of appraiser certification.
36.433. Appraisal reviews.
36.434. Broker price opinions and evaluations.
36.435. Recordkeeping.
36.436. Requirements for solicitation or order of appraisals.
36.437. Duties of compliance persons.
36.438. AMC National Registry; reports.
DISCIPLINARY ACTION
36.441. Prohibited acts.
36.442. Improper influence and other prohibited practices.
SURETY BONDS AND LETTERS OF CREDIT
36.451. Requirements for surety bond or letter of credit.
36.452. Amount of surety bond or letter of credit.
36.453. Form of surety bond.
36.454. Form of letter of credit.
36.455. Maintenance of surety bond or letter of credit.
36.456. Claims against surety or obligor.
Authority The provisions of this Subchapter E issued under section 4(a) of the Appraisal Management Company Registration Act (63 P.S. § 457.24(a)), unless otherwise noted.
Source The provisions of this Subchapter E adopted December 8, 2017, effective December 9, 2017, 47 Pa.B. 7453, unless otherwise noted.
GENERAL PROVISIONS
§ 36.401. Definitions.
The following words and terms, when used in this subchapter, have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:
AMC National Registry—The National registry maintained by ASC of appraisal management companies that:(i) Meet the Federal definition of “appraisal management company” as defined in section 1121(11) of FIRREA (12 U.S.C.A. § 3350(11)).
(ii) Are registered by a state or are Federally regulated.
(iii) Have paid the annual AMC registry fee.
AMCRA—The Appraisal Management Company Registration Act (63 P.S. § § 457.21—457.31).
AQB—The Appraiser Qualifications Board appointed by The Appraisal Foundation, which promulgates education, experience and other criteria for licensing, certification and recertification of qualified appraisers.
ASC—The Appraisal Subcommittee of the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council.
AVM—Automated valuation model—As defined by section 1125(d) of FIRREA (12 U.S.C.A. § 3354(d)), a computerized model used by mortgage originators and secondary market issuers to determine the collateral worth of a mortgage secured by a consumer’s principal dwelling.
The Appraisal Foundation—The entity identified in section 1121(9) of FIRREA.
Appraiser panel—A network or panel of certified or licensed appraisers who are independent contractors to an appraisal management company. Appraisers on an appraisal management company appraisal panel include all of the following:(i) Appraisers engaged by the appraisal management company.
(ii) Appraisers accepted by the appraisal management company for consideration in future appraisal assignments.
Assignment—As defined by USPAP, an agreement between an appraiser and a client to provide a valuation service and the valuation service that is provided as a consequence of an agreement.
BPO—Broker price opinion—As defined by section 1126(b) of FIRREA (12 U.S.C.A. § 3355(b)), an estimate prepared by a real estate broker, agent or sales person that details the probable selling price of a particular piece of real estate property and provides a varying level of detail about the property’s condition, market and neighborhood, and information on comparable sales, but does not include an AVM.
Bureau—The Bureau of Professional and Occupational Affairs of the Department.
CHRIA—18 Pa.C.S. Chapter 91 (relating to Criminal History Record Information Act).
Comparative market analysis—As defined in section 201 of RELRA (63 P.S. § 455.201), a written analysis, opinion or conclusion by a contracted buyer’s agent, transactional licensee, or an actual or potential seller’s agent relating to the probable sale price of a specified piece of real estate in an identified real estate market at a specified time, offered either for the purpose of determining the asking/offering price for the property by a specific actual or potential consumer, or for the purpose of securing a listing agreement with a seller.
Compliance person—An individual who is employed, appointed or authorized by an appraisal management company to be responsible for ensuring compliance with AMCRA and this subchapter.
Conviction—(i) An ascertainment of guilt of the accused and judgment thereon by a court, including disposition of a criminal proceeding under the laws of the Commonwealth, or any similar disposition under the laws of another jurisdiction, by a plea of guilty, guilty but mentally ill or nolo contendere, or a verdict of guilty or guilty but mentally ill.
(ii) The term does not include an adjudication of delinquency under 42 Pa.C.S. Chapter 63 (relating to Juvenile Act).
Department—The Department of State of the Commonwealth.
Evaluation—A valuation required by regulations of Federal financial institution regulatory agencies for transactions that qualify for an exemption from the appraisal requirement under any one of the following provisions:(i) The Office of Comptroller of the Currency in 12 CFR 34.43(a)(1), (5) or (7) (relating to appraisals required; transactions requiring a State certified or licensed appraiser).
(ii) The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System in 12 CFR 225.63(a)(1), (5) or (7) (relating to appraisals required; transactions requiring a State certified or licensed appraiser).
(iii) The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation in 12 CFR 323.3(a)(1), (5) or (7) (relating to appraisals required; transactions requiring a State certified or licensed appraiser).
(iv) The Office of Thrift Supervision in 12 CFR 564.3(a)(1), (5) or (7) (relating to appraisals required; transactions requiring a State certified or licensed appraiser).
(v) The National Credit Union Administration in 12 CFR 722.3(a)(1) or (5) (relating to appraisals required; transactions requiring a State certified or licensed appraiser).
Exempt company(i) A person that is exempt from registering under AMCRA as set forth in section 1124(c) of FIRREA (12 U.S.C.A. § 3353(c)).
(ii) This term is synonymous with “Federally regulated AMC” as defined in 12 CFR 34.211(k) (relating to definitions).
FIRREA—(i) The Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 (Pub.L. No. 101-73, 103 Stat. 183).
(ii) Unless expressly stated or clearly implicit from the context, a reference to FIRREA in this subchapter includes only those provisions that relate to appraisal standards or appraisal management services.
Federally-related transaction—A real estate-related financial transaction which a Federal financial institution regulatory agency or the Resolution Trust Corporation engages in, contracts for or regulates which requires the services of an appraiser.
In good standing(i) When referring to an individual certified or licensed by the Board to perform appraisals, an individual who is authorized under REACA to perform appraisals, or to act as a licensed appraiser trainee.
(ii) The term includes an individual who has an active unrestricted certificate or license, or a certificate or license that is on probation or subject to a restriction ordered by the Board.
(iii) The term does not include an individual who holds a certificate or license that is inactive or expired, or that is suspended or revoked.
Key person—A person other than a compliance person who is a director, officer, supervisor, manager or other person performing a similar function in an appraisal management company.
Mortgage Bankers and Brokers and Consumer Equity Protection Act—63 P.S. § § 456.101—456.3101.
NRSRO—A designated Nationally-recognized statistical rating organization of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or its successor.
Non-Federally related transaction—A real estate-related transaction that is not a Federally-related transaction.
Order—When used in the context of the contractual relationship between an appraiser and an appraisal management company, an agreement between an appraiser and an appraisal management company that pertains to a specified valuation assignment, including a disclosure of the amount of the appraisal fee, the terms and time frame for payment, and the appraisal management company registration number.
Order solicitation—An offer to contract with an appraiser to perform an appraisal resulting in an order.
Owner—A person that owns, in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, an appraisal management company.
Panel solicitation—An offer to add an appraiser to the appraiser panel used by an appraisal management company.
REACA—The Real Estate Appraisers Certification Act (63 P.S. § § 457.1—457.19).
REARA—Real Estate Appraisal Reform Amendments—(i) Title XI of FIRREA (12 U.S.C.A. § § 3331—3355).
(ii) Unless expressly stated or clearly implicit from the context, a reference to REARA in this subchapter includes only those provisions that relate to appraisal standards or appraisal management services.
RELRA—The Real Estate Licensing and Registration Act (63 P.S. § § 455.101—455.902).Real estate-related financial transaction—A transaction involving one or more of the following:
(i) Sale, lease, purchase, investment in or exchange of real property, including interests in property or the financing thereof.
(ii) Refinancing of real property or interests in real property.
(iii) Use of real property or interests in property as security for a loan or investment, including mortgage-backed securities.
Registrant—An appraisal management company that is registered under AMCRA.
Solicit or solicitation—An offer to contract with an appraiser to perform an appraisal or an offer to an appraiser to be included in an appraisal management company’s appraiser panel.
Supervisor—An individual who is an agent of an appraisal management company and who has the authority to do one or more of the following:
(i) Enter into a contract with clients for the performance of appraisal services.
(ii) Solicit or enter into an agreement for an assignment with independent appraisers.
(iii) Direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of the appraisal management company.
TILA—
(i) The Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C.A. § § 1601—1667f).
(ii) Unless expressly stated or clearly implicit from the context, a reference to TILA in this subchapter includes only those provisions that relate to appraisal standards or appraisal management services.
USPAP—The term as defined in § 36.1 (relating to definitions).
Authority The provisions of this § 36.401 amended under section 4(a) of the Appraisal Management Company Registration Act (63 P.S. § 457.24(a)).
Source The provisions of this § 36.401 amended October 30, 2020, effective October 31, 2020, 50 Pa.B. 5992. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (389194) to (389197).
§ 36.402. Applicability of general rules.
Under 1 Pa. Code § 31.1 (relating to scope of part), 1 Pa. Code Part II (relating to General Rules of Administrative Practice and Procedure) is applicable to the activities of and proceedings before the Board.
§ 36.403. Application procedures.
(a) Application form. An applicant for registration as an appraisal management company shall complete and file with the Board an application in a form prescribed by the Board. The form is available on the Board’s web site at www.dos.pa.gov/real and by contacting the Board at Post Office Box 2649, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17105-2649, (717) 783-4866 or ST-APPRAISE@pa.gov.
(b) Application fees.
(1) The initial application fee for registration as an appraisal management company is nonrefundable and must be in the amount in § 36.405 (relating to fees).
(2) An applicant for registration shall submit a separate payment to the board for the AMC National Registry fee under § 36.405.
(c) Filing of application. An application is filed with the Board on the date that it is received in the office of the Board.
(d) Approved applications. If the Board finds that the application is complete, does not have a basis to believe that the information in the application is not true and correct, and that the information in the application qualifies the applicant for registration as an appraisal management company, the Board will issue a registration certificate by mail to the address of record in the application.
(e) Disapproved applications. If the Board finds that the application is incomplete, that there is reason to believe that the information is not true and correct, or that the applicant is not otherwise qualified for registration, the Board will notify the applicant, in writing, of all of the following:
(1) The application has been provisionally denied.
(2) The reason for provisional denial.
(3) The applicant’s right to appeal the provisional denial in writing and to request a hearing before the Board.
(4) The applicant’s rights under 1 Pa. Code Part II (relating to General Rules of Administrative Practice and Procedure).
(5) The failure to appeal the provisional denial to the Board or to request a hearing within 30 days of the date of the notice of provisional denial will result in the provisional denial of the application being deemed final.
(f) Compliance with new requirements. An applicant shall comply with the requirements for registration that take effect between the applicant’s filing of an initial application and the issuance of registration.
§ 36.404. Content of application.
(a) An application for registration as an appraisal management company must include all of the following:
(1) Primary information of the appraisal management company, including:
(i) Legal name.
(ii) Mailing address, which will be the address of record.
(iii) Street address, if different from the mailing address.
(iv) Primary telephone number.
(2) Secondary information of the appraisal management company, including:
(i) State or place of incorporation or organization.
(ii) Documentation that the applicant is authorized to transact business in this Commonwealth if the applicant is not an individual and is incorporated or otherwise formed under the laws of a jurisdiction other than the Commonwealth.
(iii) Each fictitious name under which the applicant trades or does business in this Commonwealth.
(iv) Web site address.
(v) Primary e-mail address.
(vi) Fax number.
(vii) Each state or jurisdiction in which applicant is registered as an appraisal management company.
(viii) If the applicant began offering appraisal management services before June 8, 2013, the month and year on which the applicant began offering appraisal management services in this Commonwealth.
(ix) Owner information, including for each owner:
(A) Legal name.
(B) Street address.
(C) Telephone number.
(D) E-mail address.
(3) Key person information, including for each key person:
(i) Legal name.
(ii) Mailing address.
(iii) Street address, if different from the mailing address.
(iv) Telephone number.
(v) Title and each status that qualifies the person as a key person, including one or more of the following:
(A) Officer.
(B) Director.
(C) Manager, supervisor, or similar function or title.
(vi) E-mail address.
(vii) Whether the key person is an owner.
(4) Compliance person information, including:
(i) Legal name.
(ii) Mailing address, if different from the applicant’s mailing address.
(iii) Residential address.
(iv) Telephone number.
(v) E-mail address.
(vi) Title.
(vii) Each certificate or license held for the practice of real estate appraising, if any, including the state or jurisdiction of issuance.
(viii) Whether the compliance person is an owner.
(5) The disciplinary history of the applicant, each owner, key person and the compliance person, including:
(i) Any discipline imposed in this Commonwealth or any other jurisdiction under any law regulating appraisers, appraisal management companies, or real estate brokers or salespersons.
(ii) Any discipline imposed in this Commonwealth or any other jurisdiction under any law regulating mortgage brokers or salespersons, the sale of securities, the practice of law or the practice of accounting.
(iii) A verification by each owner or key person subject to penalties of 18 Pa.C.S. § 4904 (relating to unsworn falsification to authorities) that the disciplinary history is true and correct.
(6) An official criminal history record information report from the Pennsylvania State Police or other state agency for each state in which the applicant, owner, key person or compliance person has resided for the 10-year period immediately preceding the date of application.
(7) A surety bond or letter of credit in the form and the amount required under § § 36.451—36.456 (relating to surety bonds and letters of credit).
(b) The individual designated by the applicant as compliance person shall certify that the applicant has:
(1) A system in place to verify that a person being added to an appraiser panel of the applicant or who will otherwise perform appraisals for the applicant of property in this Commonwealth is a certified residential appraiser or certified general appraiser and in good standing in this Commonwealth under REACA.
(2) A system in place for the performance of appraisal reviews with respect to the work of appraisers who are performing appraisals for the applicant of property in this Commonwealth to determine if the appraisals are being conducted in conformance with the minimum standards under REACA, both on a periodic basis and upon request of a client. This provision does not prohibit the parties (the AMC and the client) from including in their contracts terms relating to requests for appraisal reviews.
(3) A system in place to comply with § 36.435 (relating to recordkeeping).
(4) Authorized the compliance person to file the application and verify the contents of the application subject to the penalties of 18 Pa.C.S. § 4904 and 18 Pa.C.S. § 4911 (relating to tampering with public records or information).
(c) The individual designated as the compliance person shall sign the application and verify that the contents of the application are true and correct and subject to the penalties of 18 Pa.C.S. § § 4904 and 4911.
Cross References This section cited in 49 Pa. Code § 36.414 (relating to reporting change of information).
§ 36.405. Fees.
(a) The following is the schedule of fees charged by the Board:
Application for initial registration as an appraisal management company…$2,000
Biennial registration renewal fee…$1,000
Notice of change in corporate organization…$35
Letter of good standing/verification of registration…$15
Notification of change in key person or compliance person…$35
Late fee for reinstatement per month of delinquency…$50
(b) The following is the schedule of fees collected by the Board:
AMC National Registry fee…As prescribed by ASC
Cross References This section cited in 49 Pa. Code § 36.403 (relating to application procedures); 49 Pa. Code § 36.424 (relating to renewal of registration); and 49 Pa. Code § 36.438 (relating to AMC National Registry; reports).
REGISTRATION
§ 36.411. Qualifications for registration as appraisal management company.
(a) An appraisal management company that is authorized to conduct business in this Commonwealth shall establish and maintain the requirements in this section during the period in which it offers or provides appraisal management services.
(b) An appraisal management company shall have a compliance person.
(c) An appraisal management company shall establish and maintain procedures that provide assurance of compliance with all of the following standards of appraisal management services:
(1) Prevention of conduct or practices that compromise appraiser independence.
(2) Verification of appraiser certification and qualifications.
(3) Review of appraisal services for compliance with USPAP.
(4) Availability of a process for resolution of consumer complaints.
(5) Availability of a process for resolution of appraiser complaints.
§ 36.412. Qualifications of owners and key persons.
(a) A person who would be disqualified from eligibility to be certified or licensed under REACA as defined in subsections (b) and (b.1) may not be an owner or a key person.
(b) An individual would be disqualified from eligibility to be certified or licensed under REACA, as provided in section 8(d)(1) of AMCRA (63 P.S. § 457.28(d)(1)), and may not be a key person if the individual had a license or certificate refused, denied, cancelled, suspended or revoked, or voluntarily surrendered a license or certificate under any of the following provisions of REACA or CHRIA, or similar provision of another jurisdiction, unless the license or certificate has been subsequently granted or reinstated to the individual:
(1) Section 3 of REACA (63 P.S. § 457.3).
(2) Section 6(c)(1) of REACA (63 P.S. § 457.6(c)(1)).
(3) Section 11 of REACA (63 P.S. § 457.11).
(4) Section 9124(c)(1) or (2) of CHRIA (18 Pa.C.S. § 9124(c)(1) and (2) (relating to use of records by licensing agencies)).
(b.1) An individual would be disqualified from eligibility to be certified or licensed under REACA and may not be an owner if the individual had a license or certificate refused, denied, cancelled, suspended or revoked, or voluntarily surrendered a license or certificate under any of the following provisions of REACA or CHRIA, or similar provision of another jurisdiction, unless the Board determines that the individual’s license or certificate was not revoked for a substantive cause and the license or certificate has been subsequently reinstated to the individual:
(1) Section 3 of REACA (63 P.S. § 457.3).
(2) Section 6(c)(1) of REACA (63 P.S. § 457.6(c)(1)).
(3) Section 11 of REACA (63 P.S. § 457.11).
(4) Section 9124(c)(1) or (2) of CHRIA (18 Pa.C.S. § 9124(c)(1) and (2) (relating to use of records by licensing agencies)).
(c) Nothing in AMCRA or this subchapter may be construed as a requirement that an owner or a key person shall possess the education or experience required by the AQB or REACA for certification or licensure.
(d) A person who has been suspended or revoked, or has voluntarily surrendered a license under RELRA, 7 Pa.C.S. Chapter 61 (relating to Mortgage Licensing Act) or sections 301—318 of the Mortgage Bankers and Brokers and Consumer Equity Protection Act (63 P.S. § § 456.301—456.318) (repealed) may not be an owner or key person.
(e) The Board may consider a disqualifying violation described in subsection (b) if the individual’s license or certificate has been subsequently reinstated or granted in determining whether the individual possesses good moral character as required under section 5(c)(4) of AMCRA (63 P.S. § 457.25(c)(4)).
Authority The provisions of this § 36.412 amended under sections 5(1) and (2), 6, and 10(b), (b.1) and (b.2) of the Real Estate Appraisers Certification Act (63 P.S. § § 457.5(1) and (2), 457.6 and 457.10(b), (b.1) and (b.2)); and section 4(a) of the Appraisal Management Company Registration Act (63 P.S. § 457.24(a)).
Source The provisions of this § 36.412 amended June 7, 2024, effective June 8, 2024, 54 Pa.B. 3157. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (389201) to (389202).
Cross References This section cited in 49 Pa. Code § 36.413 (relating to qualifications of compliance person).
§ 36.413. Qualifications of compliance person.
(a) In addition to the qualifications in § 36.412 (relating to qualifications of owners and key persons), a compliance person shall hold the qualifications in this section.
(b) A person designated as a compliance person by an appraisal management company possesses the authority to:
(1) Enter into an agreement with the Board to bind the appraisal management company to comply with requirements of AMCRA, this subchapter, and provisions of FIRREA, REACA, REARA or TILA that relate to appraisal standards or appraisal management services.
(2) Sign a report, application, form, notice or other document required to be filed with the Board.
(3) Certify, verify or otherwise attest as required by law to the contents of documents or pleadings filed with the Board.
(c) A compliance person may not have a history of:
(1) Conviction as provided in section 10(a)(5) of AMCRA (63 P.S. § 457.30(a)(5)).
(2) Disciplinary action or disposition of an administrative or a civil proceeding as described in section 10(a)(2), (3), (4), (6) or (7) of AMCRA, or a similar provision of a law or regulation of another jurisdiction, resulting in refusal, denial, cancellation, restriction, probation, suspension, voluntary surrender or revocation of the authority or privilege to practice.
(d) An individual who acts as a compliance person will be deemed to have vacated the position upon any of the following conditions:
(1) Death.
(2) Occurrence of a disqualifying condition defined in subsection (c).
(3) Termination of employment or contractual relationship by either the compliance person or the appraisal management company.
(e) During a period of less than 30 days for excused illness, absence or vacation of a compliance person, an appraisal management company may designate another key person to fulfill the duties of compliance person without notice to the Board.
(f) An absence or vacancy in the position of compliance person more than 30 days is cause for suspension of an appraisal management company’s authority to conduct business until a compliance person has been designated and notice of the change has been filed with the Board as provided in § 36.414 (relating to reporting change of information.)
§ 36.414. Reporting change of information.
(a) A registrant shall report a vacancy or change in qualifying information as required in this section on forms prescribed by the Board.
(b) A registrant shall report a vacancy or change of compliance person within 30 days of the date that the compliance person terminates.
(c) A registrant shall report a change in the information required under § 36.404 (relating to content of application) within 30 days, including information relating to disciplinary history or criminal history required under § 36.404(a)(5) and (6).
Cross References This section cited in 49 Pa. Code § 36.413 (relating to qualifications of compliance person).
§ 36.415. Requirements for exempt company.
(a) To the extent required under regulations jointly promulgated by the Federal financial institution regulatory agencies under Title XI of FIRREA (12 U.S.C.A. § § 3331—3355), as amended by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Pub.L. No. 111-203, 124 Stat. 1376), an exempt company shall comply with the requirements of AMCRA and this subchapter.
(b) An exempt company shall report on forms prescribed by the Board information required to be submitted by the Board to the AMC National Registry under the regulations jointly promulgated by the Federal financial institution regulatory agencies.
RENEWAL OF REGISTRATION
§ 36.421. Expiration of registration.
Registration expires on the last day of June of each odd-numbered year.
§ 36.422. Early termination of registration.
(a) A registrant may terminate registration prior to the expiration of the biennial registration period by filing with the Board a notice in a form prescribed by the Board.
(b) A notice of termination of registration must include all of the following:
(1) The date on which the registrant will cease to offer or provide appraisal management services in this Commonwealth.
(2) An acknowledgment that the registrant or its successor remains subject to disciplinary action for acts, errors or omissions occurring before the termination of registration.
(3) The signature of the compliance person.
(4) The mailing address of the registrant.
(5) If the registrant is terminating its existence, documentation of the dissolution, acquisition or merger of the registrant by or with another entity.
(6) If the registrant terminates registration because it has become exempt from registration under AMCRA, documentation in support of the basis for exemption.
(7) An acknowledgment that the surety bond or letter of credit will remain subject to claims in accordance with the procedures in § § 36.451—36.456 (relating to surety bonds and letters of credit).
(c) The date on which the registrant terminates registration may not be any sooner than the date on which the notice is filed with the Board.
(d) The termination of registration by the Board upon filing of a notice will not be construed as an admission by the Board or the Commonwealth that the contents of the notice are true and correct.
(e) The Bureau may at any time after the filing of a notice of termination under this section begin a disciplinary action against a former registrant for a violation of section 3 of AMCRA (63 P.S. § 457.23), regarding registration of appraisal management companies.
(f) The surety bond or letter of credit will remain in effect after termination.
Cross References This section cited in 49 Pa. Code § 36.423 (relating to duration and validity of registration).
§ 36.423. Duration and validity of registration.
(a) An appraisal management company shall register each biennial period to retain the right to provide appraisal management services in this Commonwealth.
(b) Registration is valid throughout this Commonwealth, is not assignable or transferable, and is valid until the last date of the biennial registration period, unless terminated under § 36.422 (relating to early termination of registration).
§ 36.424. Renewal of registration.
(a) Application for renewal of registration shall be made on forms provided by the Board and include fees prescribed by the Board in § 36.405 (relating to fees).
(b) An applicant for renewal of registration shall submit a separate payment to the Board for the AMC National Registry fee under § 36.405.
(c) An application for renewal must be received by the Board with the required biennial renewal fee and the AMC National Registry fee before the expiration of the previous biennial registration period.
STANDARDS OF PRACTICE
§ 36.431. Compliance with USPAP.
(a) An appraisal management company shall require that appraisal assignments be completed in compliance with USPAP.
(b) An appraisal management company shall establish a system to review appraisal assignments which is reasonably calculated to assure compliance with USPAP by appraisers.
(c) An appraisal management company may not solicit, offer, accept an offer or contract for a valuation service that it knows or has reason to know violates REACA, RELRA, FIRREA, AMCRA or this subchapter.
§ 36.432. Verification of appraiser certification.
An appraisal management company shall establish and maintain a system to verify that appraisals are completed by an appraiser who possesses a class of certification issued by the Board that authorizes appraisal of real property in this Commonwealth that is the subject of the appraisal and which is current and valid.
§ 36.433. Appraisal reviews.
(a) Appraisal reviews shall be performed in accordance with USPAP.
(b) An examination of an appraisal report for grammatical or typographical errors or for completeness is not required to comply with USPAP.
§ 36.434. Broker price opinions and evaluations.
(a) An appraisal management company may not solicit or order, nor offer to solicit or order, a BPO for use in a non-Federally related transaction.
(b) An appraisal management company may not solicit or order, nor offer to solicit or order, a BPO for use in a Federally-related transaction.
(c) An appraisal management company may not solicit or order, nor offer to solicit or order, an evaluation.
(d) A comparative market analysis is not a BPO for purposes of AMCRA, REACA or this subchapter if performed for one or both of the following purposes:
(1) In pursuit of a listing.
(2) To determine probable selling price.
§ 36.435. Recordkeeping.
(a) Each appraisal management company shall maintain all of the following records:
(1) A record of each assignment that it has ordered for appraisal of real property located in this Commonwealth, including:
(i) The order between the appraisal management company and the appraiser.
(ii) Each appraisal report received from an appraiser, including the original report, revised reports, and addenda or other materials furnished subsequent to the delivery of the original report.
(iii) Written communications between the appraiser and the appraisal management company and any other entity involved in the transaction.
(iv) The order engaging another appraiser for the purpose of reviewing the appraisal.
(v) A review of the appraisal performed, including any data supporting the selection of the appraisal for review, the original review report, subsequent correspondence between the reviewer and appraisal management company, and each subsequent revised review report.
(vi) Written communications related to obligations under AMCRA or this subchapter between the appraisal management company and its client, including documents supplied to that client.
(vii) A record of fees disbursed to contracted appraisers and the fee received by the appraisal management company from the appraisal management company’s client.
(2) Appraiser fee schedules, including:
(i) Fees paid for a defined service.
(ii) Documentation to support that the fee schedule is customary and reasonable and complies with provisions of TILA that relate to appraisal standards or appraisal management services.
(iii) Payment policies, including time for payment of appraisal fees.
(iv) Effective dates of the schedules.
(3) Panels of appraisers used for assignments in this Commonwealth, including:
(i) The name of each appraiser.
(ii) The appraiser’s certificate number.
(iii) The date the appraiser was placed on the panel.
(iv) The region or area in which the appraiser’s service may be used.
(v) The date and reason for removal, if the appraiser is removed from the panel.
(b) An appraisal management company shall maintain the records in subsection (a)(1) for 5 years beginning on the latest of the following:
(1) The date of final action of the assignment.
(2) The date of final disposition of the proceeding, if the appraisal management company is notified that the transaction is the subject of a court proceeding or an administrative proceeding by the Board.
(c) An appraisal management company shall produce for inspection and copying by the Board within 30 days its books and records, including any record required to be maintained by AMCRA or this subchapter.
Cross References This section cited in 49 Pa. Code § 36.404 (relating to content of application).
§ 36.436. Requirements for solicitation or order of appraisals.
(a) An appraisal management company shall include in an order or order solicitation for appraisal services from a certified residential appraiser or certified general appraiser who is not an employee of the appraisal management company:
(1) The fee to be paid to the appraiser for the appraisal assignment.
(2) The terms for time of payment for appraisal services, if the terms are not identified within an existing contractual agreement between the parties.
(3) The appraisal management company’s registration number.
(b) An appraisal management company may satisfy the requirements of subsection (a) by either of the following means:
(1) A legible statement of the required information on an order or order solicitation for an appraisal assignment.
(2) A legible reference to an existing written agreement between the appraisal management company and the appraiser that includes the required information.
(c) An appraisal management company shall include in an appraiser panel solicitation in this Commonwealth its appraisal management company registration number.
§ 36.437. Duties of compliance persons.
(a) An appraisal management company is subject to disciplinary action under AMCRA and this subchapter for the acts or omissions of a compliance person who fails to perform a duty in this section.
(b) A compliance person shall ensure compliance of an appraisal management company with section 8 of AMCRA (63 P.S. § 457.28).
(c) An appraisal management company, acting through its compliance person, shall report to the Bureau, directly or through another agent of the appraisal management company, a material violation as defined under section 129E(e) of TILA (15 U.S.C.A. § 1639e(e)) and corresponding regulations regarding appraisal independence requirements.
(d) A compliance person who has a reasonable basis to believe that an appraisal management company, its employee or its agent has violated appraisal independence requirements of AMCRA or this subchapter shall report the matter to the Bureau within a reasonable time after formulating the belief that a violation has occurred.
§ 36.438. AMC National Registry; reports.
(a) Appraisal management companies qualified for enrollment in the AMC National Registry shall apply for enrollment or for the renewal or reinstatement of enrollment on a Board form. The application form must be accompanied by the AMC National Registry fee referenced in § 36.405 (relating to fees).
(b) An appraisal management company shall truthfully and in good faith submit information, as required under applicable Federal laws, rules and regulations, and ASC policies and guidelines, for the AMC National Registry on forms prescribed by the Board.
(c) The Board will collect from appraisal management companies, and remit to ASC, the AMC National Registry fees.
(d) The Board will submit to ASC information required for registration on the AMC National Registry.
(e) The Board will report to ASC disciplinary action and violations of appraisal-related laws, regulations or orders.
DISCIPLINARY ACTION
§ 36.441. Prohibited acts.
(a) The Board may impose one or more sanctions authorized under AMCRA if the Board finds that an appraisal management company, key person or compliance person violated AMCRA or this chapter.
(b) The following acts, errors or omissions constitute a violation of the standards of conduct of an appraisal management company:
(1) Violation of AMCRA or this subchapter.
(2) Violation of FIRREA.
(3) Violation of TILA.
(4) Violation of a statute or regulation of another jurisdiction regulating appraisal management companies.
§ 36.442. Improper influence and other prohibited practices.
(a) The following acts constitute improper influence or a practice in violation of AMCRA and this chapter, without proof of intent of the appraisal management company or its agent:
(1) A requirement that the appraiser collect a fee from a borrower.
(2) A requirement that the appraiser provide access to the appraiser’s digital signature.
(3) A prohibition on the appraiser to report the fee for the appraisal services.
(4) A prohibition on the appraiser to note or report real property appraisal assistance.
(5) Nonpayment of, or refusal to pay for, appraisal services rendered for a reason other than the breach of agreement or substandard performance by the appraiser.
(6) A clause or provision in an order requiring an appraiser to indemnify or hold harmless for acts or omissions of a person other than the appraiser.
(7) A clause or provision in an order requiring an appraiser to have a duty to defend the appraisal management company in a civil action or proceeding.
(8) Removal of an appraiser from the appraiser panel without notice and opportunity for rebuttal.
(9) A request to an appraiser to provide comparable properties for a specified property prior to completion of the appraisal report.
(b) The following acts, if committed with the intent to influence or attempt to influence the development, reporting, result or review of an appraisal, constitute improper influence or a practice in violation of AMCRA and this chapter:
(1) A pattern or course of conduct involving repeated review of appraisals that is not performed in accordance with the appraisal management company’s policy for appraisal reviews or quality control functions.
(2) A limitation on the time of completion of an appraisal assignment that impairs the credibility of the report. For purposes of this paragraph, a time limitation or deadline established for the purpose of completing the assignment to complete a transaction by a date established by agreement of parties other than the appraisal management company does not constitute improper influence or practice in violation of AMCRA and this chapter.
(3) A delay in payment for appraisal services that violates the appraisal management company’s policy for payment.
SURETY BONDS AND LETTERS OF CREDIT
§ 36.451. Requirements for surety bond or letter of credit.
(a) A registrant shall maintain a surety bond or letter of credit in the form and amount prescribed in this subchapter.
(b) A surety bond must be in the amount prescribed in § 36.452(a) (relating to amount of surety bond or letter of credit), in the form prescribed by § 36.453 (relating to form of surety bond) and issued by a company authorized to transact surety business in this Commonwealth by the Insurance Department.
(c) A letter of credit must be in the amount prescribed in § 36.452(b), in the form prescribed by § 36.454 (relating to form of letter of credit) and payable at an office of a commercial bank in the United States. At the time of issuance of the letter of credit, the issuing bank or its holding company shall have a B/C or better rating or 2.5 or better credit evaluation score by Fitch Ratings, as successor to the rating services of Thomson BankWatch, or the issuing bank shall have a CD or long-term issuer credit rating of BBB or better or a short-term issuer credit rating of A-2 or better by Standard & Poor’s or a comparable rating by another NRSRO.
Cross References This section cited in 49 Pa. Code § 36.404 (relating to content of application); 49 Pa. Code § 36.422 (relating to early termination of registration); 49 Pa. Code § 36.452 (relating to amount of surety bond or letter of credit); and 49 Pa. Code § 36.455 (relating to maintenance of surety bond or letter of credit).
§ 36.452. Amount of surety bond or letter of credit.
(a) A registrant who maintains a surety bond to satisfy the requirements of AMCRA and § 36.451 (relating to requirements for surety bond or letter of credit) shall maintain a bond in the amount of $40,000.
(b) A registrant who maintains a letter of credit to satisfy the requirements of AMCRA and § 36.451 shall maintain a letter of credit in the amount of $40,000.
(c) The Board may require additional amount or form of security for the following reasons:
(1) As a penalty for a violation of AMCRA or this subchapter regarding the nonperformance of services or nonpayment of fees, or a violation of a similar law or regulation of another jurisdiction.
(2) A change in a company’s authorization to transact surety business in this Commonwealth or a change in the financial strength or rating of the issuer of the letter of credit.
(3) A failure to maintain the bond or letter of credit in the minimum amount required by AMCRA or this subchapter, whichever is greater.
Cross References This section cited in 49 Pa. Code § 36.404 (relating to content of application); 49 Pa. Code § 36.422 (relating to early termination of registration); and 49 Pa. Code § 36.451 (relating to requirements for surety bond or letter of credit).
§ 36.453. Form of surety bond.
(a) A surety bond held by a registrant to satisfy the requirements of AMCRA and this subchapter must include all of the following:
(1) The name and mailing address of the registrant.
(2) The name and title of the compliance person.
(3) The name, mailing address, telephone number and National Association of Insurance Commissioners company code of the surety.
(4) The policy number for the surety bond.
(5) Indemnification for claims that arise or occur for the benefit of:
(i) The Commonwealth or the public for nonperformance of obligations under AMCRA or this subchapter that occur during the period of the surety bond.
(ii) An appraiser who has performed an appraisal of real property located in this Commonwealth for the registrant during the period of the surety bond for which the appraiser has not been paid.
(6) An agreement by the surety to notify the Bureau if the surety bond is cancelled or terminated.
(b) The aggregate liability of the surety may not exceed the principal sum of the bond.
(c) The surety bond must be continuous and remain in full force and effect until the license is terminated or not renewed, or the bond is cancelled by the surety.
Cross References This section cited in 49 Pa. Code § 36.404 (relating to content of application); 49 Pa. Code § 36.422 (relating to early termination of registration); and 49 Pa. Code § 36.451 (relating to requirements for surety bond or letter of credit).
§ 36.454. Form of letter of credit.
A letter of credit held by a registrant to satisfy the requirements of AMCRA and this subchapter must include all of the following:
(1) A provision that the letter of credit is irrevocable for a term of not less than 1 year and that the letter of credit automatically renews annually unless the letter of credit is specifically nonrenewed by the issuing bank 90 days or more prior to the anniversary date of its issuance and the issuing bank gives at least 90 days prior written notice to the Bureau and the registrant of its intent to terminate the letter of credit at the end of the current term.
(2) A provision that the Department has the right to draw upon the credit before the end of its term and to convert it into a cash collateral bond if the registrant fails to replace the letter of credit with other acceptable bond within 30 days of the bank’s notice to terminate the letter of credit.
(3) The letter of credit must name the Department as the beneficiary and be payable to the Department under § 36.456 (relating to claims against surety or obligor).
(4) A letter of credit is subject to the most recent edition of the Uniform Customs and Practices for Documentary Credits, published by the International Chamber of Commerce, and the laws of the Commonwealth, including 13 Pa.C.S. (relating to Uniform Commercial Code).
(5) The Board will not accept letters of credit from a bank that has failed to make or delayed in making payment on a defaulted letter of credit.
Cross References This section cited in 49 Pa. Code § 36.404 (relating to content of application); 49 Pa. Code § 36.422 (relating to early termination of registration); and 49 Pa. Code § 36.451 (relating to requirements for surety bond or letter of credit).
§ 36.455. Maintenance of surety bond or letter of credit.
(a) If the rating of a bank that has issued a letter of credit falls below the minimum ratings required under § 36.451(c) (relating to requirements for surety bond or letter of credit), a registrant shall replace the letter of credit within 45 days from the date of the substandard rating decline with a new letter of credit that satisfies the requirements of § 36.451.
(b) If a letter of credit is not replaced within 45 days of the substandard rating decline, the Department has the discretion to draw on the letter of credit and deposit the proceeds with the State Treasurer to secure the registrant’s liability and to begin proceedings under AMCRA, this subchapter and 2 Pa.C.S. § § 501—508 and 701—704 (relating to Administrative Agency Law) to suspend or revoke the registrant’s authority to perform appraisal management services in this Commonwealth.
(c) If a bank makes a payment upon a letter of credit issued to fulfill the requirements of AMCRA or this subchapter, the registrant shall obtain additional security within 45 days of the date of payment in the form of an additional letter of credit in an amount sufficient to maintain the minimum amount required under AMCRA or this subchapter, whichever is greater.
(d) If a surety makes a payment upon a bond issued to fulfill the requirements of AMCRA or this subchapter, the registrant shall obtain additional security within 15 days of the date of payment in the form of an additional surety bond in an amount sufficient to maintain the minimum amount required under AMCRA or this subchapter, whichever is greater.
Cross References This section cited in 49 Pa. Code § 36.404 (relating to content of application); 49 Pa. Code § 36.422 (relating to early termination of registration); and 49 Pa. Code § 36.456 (relating to claims against surety or obligor).
§ 36.456. Claims against surety or obligor.
(a) The Department may make a claim to a surety or obligor to:
(1) Recover unpaid fees for appraisal services.
(2) Obtain payment for civil penalties, costs of investigation or fees payable to the Commonwealth.
(3) Obtain payment for debts arising out of the performance of appraisal management services in this Commonwealth.
(4) Obtain security as provided in § 36.455(b) (relating to maintenance of surety bond or letter of credit).
(b) The Department, in its discretion, will make a claim to a surety or obligor for a purpose in subsection (a) upon one of the following conditions:
(1) The expiration of the period of appeal from the entry of a final order issued by the Board in a proceeding under 2 Pa.C.S. § § 501—508 and 701—704 (relating to Administrative Agency Law) and a determination by the Department based upon a review of its records that all or part of a civil penalty or costs of investigation levied by that order remain unpaid.
(2) The failure of a registrant to satisfy a written agreement with the Board or the Bureau to pay an amount described in subsection (a).
(3) A determination by the Prosecution Division of the Bureau upon a complaint filed with the Bureau that there is probable cause to believe that a registrant owes a sum certain for unpaid fees, civil penalties, costs of investigation, fees payable to this Commonwealth or debts arising out of the performance of appraisal management services in this Commonwealth.
(4) Violation of § 36.455.
(c) The Department will only make a claim to a surety on behalf of third parties to recover unpaid fees for appraisal services or obtain payments for debts arising out of the performance of appraisal management services in this Commonwealth if the activities involved the valuation of real estate in this Commonwealth.
Cross References This section cited in 49 Pa. Code § 36.404 (relating to content of application); 49 Pa. Code § 36.422 (relating to early termination of registration); and 49 Pa. Code § 36.454 (relating to form of letter of credit).
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