§ 157.41. Site characteristics.
(a) Distances. Measurement shall be made at a test site which is adjacent to, and includes a portion of, a traveled lane of a public highway. A microphone target point shall be established on the centerline of the traveled lane of the highway, and a microphone location point shall be established on the ground surface not less than 26 feet (7.8 meters) or more than 118 feet (35.4 meters) from the microphone target point and on a line that is perpendicular to the centerline of the traveled lane of the highway and that passes through the microphone target point. In the case of a standard test site, the microphone location point shall be 50 feet (15.2 meters) from the microphone target point. Within the test site shall be a triangular measurement area. A plan view diagram of a standard test site, having an open site within a 50 foot (15.2 meters) radius of both the microphone target point and the microphone location point, is shown in Figure 1 in Appendix A. Measurements may be made at a test site having smaller or greater dimensions in accordance with the provisions of Subchapter F (relating to correction factors).
(b) Sound reflective objects in triangular measurement areas. The test site shall be an open site, essentially free of large sound-reflecting objects. However, the following objects may be within the test site, including the triangular measurement area:
(1) Small cylindrical objects such as fire hydrants or telephone or utility poles.
(2) Rural mailboxes.
(3) Traffic railings of any type of construction except solid concrete barriers. See § 157.2 (relating to definitions).
(4) One or more curbs having a vertical height of one foot (0.3 meter) or less.
(c) Sound reflective objects outside triangular measurement area. The following objects may be within the test site if they are outside of the triangular measurement area of the site:
(1) Any vertical surface, such as billboard, regardless of size, having a lower edge more than 15 feet (4.6 meters) higher than the surface of the traveled lane of the highway.
(2) Any uniformly smooth sloping surface slanting away from the highway, such as a rise in grade alongside the highway, with a slope that is less than 45° above the horizontal.
(3) Any surface slanting away from the highway that is 45° or more and not more than 90° above the horizontal, if all points on the surface are more than 15 feet (4.6 meters) above the surface of the traveled lane of the highway.
(d) Surface. The surface of the ground within the measurement area shall be relatively flat. The site shall be a ‘‘soft’’ test site. However, if the site is determined to be ‘‘hard,’’ the correction factor shall be applied to the measurement.
(e) Pavement. The traveled lane of the highway within the test site shall be dry, paved with relatively smooth concrete or asphalt, and substantially free of:
(1) holes or other defects which would cause a motor vehicle to emit irregular tire, body, or chassis impact noise; and
(2) loose material, such as gravel or sand.
(f) Tunnel or underpass. The traveled lane of the highway on which the microphone target point is situated shall not pass through a tunnel or underpass located within 200 feet (61 meters) of that point.
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