§ 401.42. Uniform classification guidelines for foreign substances.
The Commission adopts the following outline which describes the types of medications, drugs and substances placed in each classification. This list shall be publicly posted on the Commission’s web site, in the offices of the Commission Veterinarian and in the office of the racing secretary.
(1) Class 1:
Opiates, opium derivatives, synthetic opioids, psychoactive drugs, amphetamines, all United States Drug Enforcement Agency Schedule I drugs and many Schedule II drugs. Also found in this class are drugs that are potent stimulants of the central nervous system. Drugs in this class have no generally accepted medical use in the racing horse and their pharmacologic potential for altering the performance of a racing horse is very high.
(2) Class 2:
Drugs placed in this classification have a high potential for affecting the outcome of a race. Most are not generally accepted as therapeutic agents in the racing horse. Many are products intended to alter consciousness or the psychic state of humans and have no approved or indicated use in the horse. Some, such as injectable local anesthetics, have legitimate use in equine medicine, but should not be found in a racing horse. The following groups of drugs placed are in this class:
(i) Opiate partial agonists or agonist-antagonists;
(ii) Non-opiate psychotropic drugs. These drugs may have stimulant, depressant, analgesic or neuroleptic effects;
(iii) Miscellaneous drugs which might have a stimulant effect on the central nervous system (CNS);
(iv) Drugs with prominent CNS depressant action;
(v) Antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs, with or without prominent CNS stimulatory or depressant effects;
(vi) Muscle blocking drugs that have a direct neuromuscular blocking action;
(vii) Local anesthetics that have a reasonable potential for use as nerve blocking agents (except procaine); and
(viii) Snake venoms and other biologic substances, which may be used as nerve blocking agents.
(3) Class 3:
Drugs placed in this classification may or may not have an accepted therapeutic use in the horse. Many are drugs that affect the cardiovascular, pulmonary and autonomic nervous systems. They all have the potential of affecting the performance of a racing horse. The following groups of drugs are placed in this class:
(i) Drugs affecting the autonomic nervous system that do not have prominent CNS effects, but which do have prominent cardiovascular or respiratory system effects. Bronchodilators are included in this class;
(ii) A local anesthetic that has nerve blocking potential but also has a high potential for producing urine residue levels from a method of use not related to the anesthetic effect of the drug (procaine);
(iii) Miscellaneous drugs with mild sedative action, such as the sleep-inducing antihistamines;
(iv) Primary vasodilating/hypotensive agents;
(v) Potent diuretics affecting renal function and body fluid composition; and
(vi) Anabolic and/or androgenic steroids and other drugs.
(4) Class 4:
Drugs in this classification comprise primarily therapeutic medications routinely used in racing horses. These may influence performance, but generally have a more limited ability to do so. Groups of drugs assigned to this category include the following:
(i) Non-opiate drugs that have a mild central analgesic effect;
(ii) Drugs affecting the autonomic nervous system that do not have prominent CNS, cardiovascular or respiratory effects:
(A) Drugs used solely as topical vasoconstrictors or decongestants;
(B) Drugs used as gastrointestinal antispasmodics;
(C) Drugs used to void the urinary bladder;
(D) Drugs with a major effect on CNS vasculature or smooth muscle of visceral organs;
(E) Antihistamines which do not have a significant CNS depressant effect (This does not include H1 blocking agents, which are listed in Class 5);
(iii) Antihistamines that do not have a significant CNS depressant effect. (This does not include H2 blocking agents, which are in Class 5).
(iv) Mineralocorticoid drugs;
(v) Skeletal muscle relaxants;
(vi) Anti-inflammatory drugs. These drugs may reduce pain as a consequence of their anti-inflammatory action.
(A) Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs);
(B) Corticosteroids (glucocorticoids); and
(C) Miscellaneous anti-inflammatory agents.
(vii) Less potent diuretics;
(viii) Cardiac glycosides and antiarrhythmic agents.
(A) Cardiac glycosides;
(B) Antiarrhythmic agents (exclusive of lidocaine, bretylium and propranolol); and
(C) Miscellaneous cardiotonic drugs.
(ix) Topical Anesthetics—agents not available in injectable formulations;
(x) Antidiarrheal drugs;
(xi) Miscellaneous drugs.
(A) Expectorants with little or no other pharmacologic action;
(B) Stomachics; and
(C) Mucolytic agents.
(5) Class 5:
Drugs in this classification are therapeutic medications for which concentration limits have been established by the racing jurisdictions as well as certain miscellaneous agents. Included specifically are agents that have very localized actions only, such as anti-ulcer drugs and certain antiallergenic drugs. The anticoagulant drugs are also included.
Cross References This section cited in 7 Pa. Code § 401.41 (relating to determination of positive test results).
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