§ 25.72. Schedules of controlled substances.
(a) General. In accordance with sections 3 and 4 of the act (35 P. S.
§ § 780-103 and 780-104), this section lists all controlled substances. Section 4 of the act (35 P. S. § 780-104) designates specific substances for inclusion under the five schedules. The substances listed in this section include those listed by section 4 of the act (35 P. S. § 780-104) and those that have been added by the Secretary after consultation with the Drug, Device and Cosmetic Board.(b) Schedule I. In determining that a substance comes within this schedule, the Secretary will find: a high potential for abuse; no currently accepted medical use in the United States; and a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision. The following controlled substances are included in this schedule:
(1) The following opiates, including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers, unless specifically excepted whenever the existence of the isomers, esters, ethers, and salts is possible within the specific chemical designation:
(i) [Reserved].
(ii) Allylprodine.
(iii) Alphacetylmethadol.
(iv) Alphameprodine.
(v) Alphamethadol.
(v.1) Alpha-methylfentanyl.
(vi) Benzethidine.
(vii) Betacetylmethadol.
(viii) Betameprodine.
(ix) Betamethadol.
(x) Betaprodine.
(xi) Clonitazene.
(xii) Dextromoramide.
(xiii) Dextrorphan (except its methylether).
(xiv) Diampromide.
(xv) Diethylthiambutene.
(xvi) Dimenoxadol.
(xvii) Dimepheptanol.
(xviii) Dimethylthiambutene.
(xix) Dioxaphetyl butyrate.
(xx) Dipipanone.
(xxi) Ethylmethylthiambutene.
(xxii) Etonitazene.
(xxiii) Etoxeridine.
(xxiv) Furethidine.
(xxv) Hydroxypethidine.
(xxvi) Ketobemidone.
(xxvii) Levomoramide.
(xxviii) Levophenacylmorphan.
(xxix) Morpheridine.
(xxx) Noracymethadol.
(xxxi) Norlevorphanol.
(xxxii) Normethadone.
(xxxiii) Norpipanone.
(xxxiv) Phenadoxone.
(xxxv) Phenampromide.
(xxxvi) Phenomorphan.
(xxxvii) Phenoperidine.
(xxxviii) Piritramide.
(xxxix) Proheptazine.
(xl) Properidine.
(xli) Racemoramide.
(xlii) Tilidine.
(xliii) Trimeperidine.
(xliv) [Reserved].
(xlv) 3-Methylfentanyl.
(xlvi) 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-4-Propionoxypiperidine (MPPP).
(xlvii) 1-(2-Phenylethyl)-4-Phenyl-4-etyloxypiperidine (PEPAP).
(xlviii) Para-fluorofentanyl.
(xlix) Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl.
(l) Alph-methylthiofentanyl.
(li) Beta-hydroxyfentanyl.
(lii) 3 Methylthiofentanyl.
(liii) Thiofentanyl.
(liv) Beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl.
(2) The following opium derivatives, their salts, isomers and salts of isomers, unless specifically excepted, whenever the existence of the salts, isomers, and salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation:
(i) Acetorphine.
(ii) Acetyldihydrocodeine.
(iii) Benzylmorphine.
(iv) Codeine methylbromide.
(v) Codeine-N-Oxide.
(vi) Cyprenorphine.
(vii) Desomorphine.
(viii) Dihydromorphine.
(ix) Drotebanol (added August 6, 1978).
(x) Etorphine.
(xi) Heroin.
(xii) Hydromorphinol.
(xiii) Methyldesorphine.
(xiv) Methylhydromorphine.
(xv) Morphine methylbromide.
(xvi) Morphine methylsulfonate.
(xvii) Morphine-N-Oxide.
(xviii) Myrophine.
(xix) Nicocodeine.
(xx) Nicomorphine.
(xxi) Normorphine.
(xxii) Pholcodine.
(xxiii) Thebacon.
(3) A material, compound, mixture or preparation which contains any quantity of the following hallucinogenic substances, their salts, isomers, and salts of isomers, unless specifically excepted, whenever the existence of the salts, isomers, and salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation:
(i) 3,4-methylenedioxy amphetamine.
(ii) 5-methoxy-3, 4-methylenedioxy amphetamine.
(iii) 3,4,5-trimethoxy amphetamine.
(iv) Bufotenine.
(v) Diethyltryptamine.
(vi) Dimethyltryptamine.
(vii) 4-methyl-2, 5-dimethoxyamphetamine.
(viii) Ibogaine.
(ix) Lysergic acid diethylamide.
(x) Mescaline.
(xi) Peyote.
(xii) N-ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate.
(xiii) N-methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate.
(xiv) Psilocybin.
(xv) Psilocyn.
(xvi) Tetrahydrocannabinols.
(xvii) 3, 4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine.
(xviii) N-hydroxy-3, 4-methylenedioxyamphetamine.
(xix) 2, 5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine (DOET).
(xx) 4 Bromo 2, 5 Dimethoxyphenethylamine.
(4) Marihuana.
(5) 4-Bromo-2, 5 Dimethoxyamphetamine (4-Bromo, 2, 5 DMA) (added October 17, 1975).
(6) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, a material, compound, mixture or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances including the salts, isomers and salts of isomers:
(i) Fenethylline.
(ii) N-ethylamphetamine.
(iii) Methaqualone.
(iv) Bromazepam.
(v) Camazepam.
(vi) Clotiazepam.
(vii) Cloxazolam.
(viii) Delorazepam.
(ix) Ethyl loflazepate.
(x) Fludiazepam.
(xi) Flunitrazepam.
(xii) Haloxazolam.
(xiii) Ketazolam.
(xiv) Loprazolam.
(xv) Lormetazepam.
(xvi) Medazepam.
(xvii) Nimetazepam.
(xiii) Nitrazepam.
(xix) Nordiazepam.
(xx) Oxazolam.
(xxi) Pinazepam.
(xxii) Tetrazepam.
(xxiiii) 3, 4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
(xxiv) 4-methylaminorex.
(xxv) Cathinone.
(xxvi) Methcathinone HCL.
(xxvii) Dimethylamphetamine.
(xxiii) 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl) Piperazine (TFMPP)
(xxix) N-Benzylpiperazine (BZP)
(xxx) Alpha-Methyltryptamine (AMT)
(xxxi) 2-5 Dimethoxy-4-(N)-Propylthiophenethylamine (2C-T-7)
(xxxii) 5-Methoxy-N, N-Diisopropyltryptamine (5-MEO-DIPT)
(c) Schedule II. In determining that a substance comes within this schedule, the Secretary will find: a high potential for abuse; currently accepted medical use in the United States; or currently accepted medical use with severe restrictions and abuse may lead to severe psychic or physical dependence. The following controlled substances are included in this schedule:
(1) The following substances of any quantity, except those narcotics specifically excepted or listed in other schedules, whether produced directly or indirectly by extraction from substances of vegetable origin, or independently by means of chemical synthesis, or by combination of extraction and chemical synthesis:
(i) Opium and opiate, and a salt, compound, derivative or preparation of opium or opiate.
(ii) A salt, compound, derivative or preparation thereof which is chemically equivalent or identical with the substances referred to in subparagraph (i) except that these substances may not include the isoquinoline alkaloids of opium.
(iii) Opium poppy and poppy straw.
(iv) Coca leaves and a salt, compound, derivative or preparation of coca leaves, and a salt, compound, derivative or preparation thereof which is chemically equivalent or identical with these substances, but may not include decocanized coca leaves or extracts of coca leaves, which extracts do not contain cocaine or ecgonine.
(2) The following opiates, including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts and salts of isomers, esters and ethers, of any quantity, unless specifically excepted or listed in another schedule, whenever the existence of the isomers, esters, ethers and salts is possible within the specific chemical designation:
(i) Alphaprodine.
(ii) Anileridine.
(iii) Bezitramide.
(iv) Dihydrocodeine.
(v) Diphenoxylate.
(vi) Fentanyl.
(vii) Isomethadone.
(viii) Levomethorphan.
(ix) Levorphanol.
(x) Metazocine.
(xi) Methadone.
(xii) Methadone-Intermediate, 4-cyano-2-dimethylamino-4, 4-diphenyl butane.
(xiii) Moramide-Intermediate, 2-methyl-3-morpholino-1, 1-diphenylpropane-carboxylicacid.
(xiv) Pethidine.
(xv) Pethidine-Intermediate-A, 4-cyano-1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine.
(xvi) Pethidine-Intermediate-B, ethyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylate.
(xvii) Pethidine-Intermediate-C, 1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid.
(xviii) Phenazocine.
(xix) Piminodine.
(xx) Propiram (added August 5, 1978).
(xxi) Racemethorphan.
(xxii) Racemorphan.
(xxiii) Sufentanil.
(xxiv) Alfentanil.
(xxv) Carfentanil.
(xxvi) Levo-Alpha Acetyl-Methadol.
(3) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, a material, compound, mixture or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances:
(i) Amphetamine, its salts, optical isomers and salts of its optical isomers.
(ii) Phenmetrazine and its salts.
(iii) Methylphenidate.
(iv) Methamphetamine including its salts, isomers and salts of isomers.
(v) Phenylacetone.
(vi) Nabilone.
(vii) Glutethimide.
(4) The phrase ‘‘opiates’’ as used in section 4 of the act (35 P. S.
§ 780-104) and elsewhere throughout the act may not include the dextrorotatory isomer of 3-methoxy-n-methylmorphinan and its salts, but does include its racemic and levorotatory forms.(5) A material, compound, mixture or preparation, unless specifically excepted, which contains a quantity of:
(i) Phencyclidine.
(ii) 1-phenylcyclohexylamine.
(iii) 1-piperidinocyclohexanecarbonitrile.
(iv) Nabilone.
(6) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances, including its salts, isomers and salts of isomers whenever the existence of the salts, isomers and salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation:
(i) Amobarbital (added August 21, 1976).
(ii) Secobarbital (added August 21, 1976).
(iii) Pentobarbital (added August 21, 1976).
(d) Schedule III. In determining that a substance comes within this schedule, the Secretary will find: a potential for abuse less than the substances listed in Schedules I and II; well documented and currently accepted medical use in the United States; and abuse may lead to moderate or low physical dependence. The following classes of controlled substances are included in this schedule:
(1) A material, compound, mixture or preparation unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule which contains any quantity of the following substances:
(i) A substance which contains any quantity of a derivative of barbituric acid, or a salt of a derivative of barbituric acid.
(ii) Chorhexadol.
(iii) Lysergic acid.
(iv) Lysergic acid amide.
(v) Methyprylon.
(vi) Sulfondiethylmethane.
(vii) Sulfonethylmethane.
(viii) Sulfonmethane.
(2) Nalorphine.
(3) A material, compound, mixture, or preparation containing limited quantities of the following narcotic drugs, or salts thereof, unless specifically excepted or listed in other schedules.
(i) Not more than 1.8 grams of codeine per 100 milliliters or not more than 90 milligrams per dosage unit, with an equal or greater quantity of an isoquinoline alkaloid of opium.
(ii) Not more than 1.8 grams of codeine per 100 milliliters or not more than 90 milligrams per dosage unit, with one or more active, nonnarcotic ingredients in recognized therapeutic amounts.
(iii) Not more than 300 milligrams of dihydrocodeinone per 100 milliliters or not more than 15 milligrams per dosage unit, with a fourfold or greater quantity of an isoquinolene alkaloid of opium.
(iv) Not more than 300 milligrams of dihydrocodeinone per 100 milliliters or not more than 15 milligrams per dosage unit, with one or more active, nonnarcotic ingredients in recognized therapeutic amounts.
(v) Not more than 1.8 grams of dihydrocodeine per 100 milliliters or not more than 90 milligrams per dosage unit, with one or more active, nonnarcotic ingredients in recognized therapeutic amounts.
(vi) Not more than 300 milligrams of ethylmorphine per 100 milliliters or not more than 15 milligrams per dosage unit, with one or more active, nonnarcotic ingredients in recognized therapeutic amounts.
(vii) Not more than 500 milligrams of opium per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams, or not more than 2.5 milligrams per dosage unit with one or more active, nonnarcotic ingredients in recognized therapeutic amounts.
(4) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, a material, compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances including its salts, isomers, whether optical position or geometric, and salts of the isomers whenever the existence of the salts, isomers, and salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation, Schedule III shall include the following:
(i) Benzphetamine (added August 21, 1976).
(ii) Chlorphentermine (added August 21, 1976).
(iii) Clortermine (added August 21, 1976).
(iv) [Reserved].
(v) Phendimetrazine (added August 21, 1976).
(5) A compound, mixture or preparation or a salt thereof including one or more other active medicinal ingredients which are not listed in a schedule containing the following:
(i) Amobarbital.
(ii) Secobarbital.
(iii) Pentobarbital.
(6) A suppository dosage form or a salt thereof approved by the Food and Drug Administration for marketing only as a suppository containing the following:
(i) Amobarbital.
(ii) Secobarbital.
(iii) Pentobarbital.
(7) The Secretary may, by regulation, except a compound, mixture, or preparation containing a drug or controlled substance listed in this schedule from the application of those provisions of the act covering controlled substances, if the compound, mixture, or preparation contains one or more active medicinal ingredients not having a stimulant or depressant effect on the central nervous system; provided, that the admixtures shall be included therein in the combinations, quantity, proportion, or concentration as to vitiate the potential for abuse of the substances which do have a stimulant or depressant effect on the central nervous system.
(8) The Secretary will, by regulation, exempt a nonnarcotic substance from the control under the act if the substance may, under the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C.A. § 301 et seq.), be lawfully sold over the counter without a prescription.
(9) A material, compound, mixture or preparation, unless specifically excepted, which contains a quantity of Dronabinol—synthetic—in sesame oil encapsulated in a soft gelatin capsule but only those drug products approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration.
(10) Buprenorphine.
(e) Schedule IV. In determining that a substance comes within this schedule, the Secretary will find: a low potential for abuse relative to substances in Schedule III; currently accepted medical use in the United States; and limited physical or psychological dependence liability relative to the substances listed in Schedule III. The following controlled substances are included in this schedule:
(1) A material, compound, mixture or preparation, unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, which contains a quantity of the following substances:
(i) Barbital.
(ii) Chloral betaine.
(iii) Chloral hydrate.
(iv) Ethchlorvynol.
(v) Ethinamate.
(vi) Methohexital.
(vii) Meprobamate.
(viii) Methylphenobarbital.
(ix) Paraldehyde.
(x) Petrichloral.
(xi) Phenobarbital.
(xii) Chlordiazepoxide (added August 21, 1976).
(xiii) Diazepam (added August 21, 1976).
(xiv) Oxazepam (added August 21, 1976).
(xv) Clorazepate (added August 21, 1976).
(xvi) Flurazepam (added August 21, 1976).
(xvii) Clonazepam (added August 21, 1976).
(xviii) Mebutamate (added August 21, 1976).
(xix) Temazepam.
(xx) Alprazolam.
(xxi) Halazepam.
(xxii) Triazolam.
(xxiii) Midazolam.
(xxiv) Quazepam.
(xxv) Estazolam.
(xxvi) Zolpidem.
(xxvii) Clobazam. (added March 27, 2012)
(2) A material, compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substance including its salts, isomers whether optical position or geometric, and salts of the isomers, whenever the existence of the salts, isomers, and salts of isomers is possible:
(i) Fenfluramine (added August 21, 1976).
(ii) Pentazocine (added January 19, 1980).
(iii) Lorazepam (added January 19, 1980).
(iv) Prazepam (added January 19, 1980).
(v) Dextropropoxyphene (added January 19, 1980).
(3) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, a material, compound, mixture or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances including its salts, isomers whether optical position or geometric, and salts of the isomers whenever the existence of the salts, isomers and salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation:
(i) Diethylpropion (added August 21, 1976).
(ii) Phentermine (added August 21, 1976).
(iii) Pemoline (added August 21, 1976).
(iv) Mazindol.
(v) Pipradol.
(vi) SPA (1-dimethylamino-1-2-diphenylethane).
(vii) Cathine.
(viii) Fencamfamin.
(ix) Fenproporex.
(x) Mefenorex.
(xi) Butorphanol.
(xii) Sibutramine.
(4) The Secretary may, by regulation, except a compound, mixture, or preparation containing a drug or controlled dangerous substance listed in paragraph (1) from the application of those provisions of the act, sections 3 and 4 of the act (35 P. S. § § 780-103 and 780-104), covering controlled drugs, if the compound, mixture, or preparation contains one or more active medicinal ingredients not having a stimulant or depressant effect on the central nervous system; provided that the admixtures shall be included therein in combinations, quantity, proportion, or concentration as to vitiate the potential for abuse of the substances which do have a stimulant or depressant effect on the central nervous system.
(5) The Secretary shall by regulation exempt a nonnarcotic substance from the control under the act if the substance may, under the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C.A. § 301 et seq.) be lawfully sold over the counter without a prescription.
(6) A compound, mixture, or preparation which purports to have a cough suppressant effect and which contains a limited quantity of the following narcotics or their salts, and which contains in addition one or more nonnarcotic active medicinal ingredients in sufficient proportion to confer upon the compound, mixture, or preparation, valuable medicinal qualities other than those possessed by the narcotic alone shall be included under this schedule:
(i) Not more than 200 milligrams of codeine, or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams and not more than 10 milligrams per dosage unit.
(ii) Not more than 100 milligrams of dihydrocodeine, or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams and not more than 5 milligrams per dosage unit.
(iii) Not more than 100 milligrams of ethylmorphine, or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams and not more than 5 milligrams per dosage unit.
(f) Schedule V. In determining that a substance comes within this schedule, the Secretary will find: a low potential for abuse relative to the substances listed in Schedule IV; currently accepted medical use in the United States; and limited physical dependence or psychological dependence liability relative to the substances listed in Schedule IV. The following controlled substances are included in this schedule:
(1) A compound, mixture, or preparation containing limited quantities of any of the following narcotics or any of their salts, which shall include one or more nonnarcotic active medicinal ingredients in sufficient proportion to confer upon the compound, mixture, or preparation, valuable medicinal qualities other than those possessed by the narcotic alone:
(i) Not more than 200 milligrams of codeine, or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams and not more than 10 milligrams per dosage unit.
(ii) Not more than 100 milligrams of dihydrocodeine or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams and not more than 5 milligrams per dosage unit.
(iii) Not more than 100 milligrams of ethylmorphine, or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams and not more than 5 milligrams per dosage unit.
(iv) Not more than 2.5 milligrams of diphenoxylate and not less than 25 micrograms of altropine sulfate per dosage unit.
(v) Not more than 100 milligrams of opium per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams, or not more than 5 milligrams per dosage unit.
(2) Propylhexadrine, except when labeled for over-the-counter drug sale in conformity with 21 CFR 1308.15 (relating to schedule V).
(3) Pyrovalerone.
Authority The provisions of this § 25.72 amended under section 2102(g) of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. § 532(g)); sections 3(a) and (c) and 4 of The Controlled Substance, Drug, Device and Cosmetic Act (35 P. S. § § 780-103(a) and (c) and 780-104); and section 2 of the Optometric Practice and Licensure Act (63 P. S. § 244.2).
Source The provisions of this § 25.72 amended February 23, 1979, effective February 24, 1979, 9 Pa.B. 611; amended January 18, 1980, effective January 19, 1980, 10 Pa.B. 216; amended August 13, 1982, effective August 14, 1982, 12 Pa.B. 2685; amended November 4, 1983, effective November 5, 1983, 13 Pa.B. 3376; amended September 7, 1984, effective September 8, 1984, 14 Pa.B. 3250; amended October 26, 1984, effective November 5, 1983, 14 Pa.B. 3909; amended March 15, 1986, effective March 16, 1986, 16 Pa.B. 812; amended August 29, 1986, effective August 30, 1986, 16 Pa.B. 3209; corrected February 13, 1987, 17 Pa.B. 717; amended April 17, 1987, effective April 18, 1987, 17 Pa.B. 1567; amended May 20, 1988, effective May 21, 1988, 18 Pa.B. 2298; amended May 20, 1988, effective May 21, 1988, 18 Pa.B. 2299; corrected July 1, 1988, effective April 16, 1977, 18 Pa.B. 2905; amended February 17, 1989, effective February 18, 1989, 19 Pa.B. 638; amended March 10, 1989, effective March 11, 1989, 19 Pa.B. 997; amended November 21, 1997, effective November 22, 1997, 27 Pa.B. 6088; amended May 4, 2001, effective May 5, 2001, 31 Pa.B. 2373; amended May 21, 2004, effective May 22, 2004, 34 Pa.B. 2711; amended March 17, 2006, effective March 18, 2006, 36 Pa.B. 1218; amended July 10, 2015, effective July 11, 2015, 45 Pa.B. 3708. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (236115) to (236116), (317777) to (317778), (279223) to (279224), (304185) to (304188) and (366337).
Notes of Decisions A material containing the drug cathinone is a controlled substance under § 25.72(b)(6)(xxvi). The language of the § 25.72(b)(6)(xxvi) plainly states that an unlisted material, when containing a controlled substance, is a controlled substance. Commonwealth v. Mohamud, 15 A.3d 80, 92 (Pa. Super. 2010).
Cross References This section cited in 28 Pa. Code § 551.3 (relating to definitions); and 49 Pa. Code § 21.284a (relating to prescribing and dispensing drugs).
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